建立我国行政诉讼中的确认无效诉讼制度

虽然我国已有确认行政行为无效的司法实践和关于确认无效判决的司法解释,但不能据此认为我国行政诉讼中已经建立了确认无效诉讼制度。要使确认无效判决真正具有其独立存在的价值,必须在诉讼程序上使确认无效诉讼与一般的行政诉讼相分离:1·确认无效诉讼不受起诉期限的限制;2·确认无效诉讼应以行政确认程序为前置条件;3·在确认无效诉讼中原告负有举证责任。在确认无效诉讼与撤销诉讼的关系上,宜把确认无效诉讼看成撤销诉讼的补充诉讼类型。

On Establishment of Invalid Affirmation Litigation System of Chinese Administrative Litigation

There have been judicial practice with regard to affirming invalid of administrative action and judicial interpretation concerning adjudication of invalid affirmation. However,it can not be concluded that invalid affirmation litigation system has been established in China. In order to make the invalid affirmation litigation system have real value of independent existence, invalid affirmation litigation must be separated from general administrative litigation : firstly, invalid affirmation litigation should exempt from time limit;secondly,invalid affirmation litigation must be instituted after administrative affirmation procedure ; third,plaintiff assume onus probandi. On the relationship between invalid affirmation litigation and revocation litigation, it is better to consider invalid affirmation litigation as a supplement of revocation litigation.