An Ecological System Approach to Adolescent Smoking Behavior |
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Authors: | Nora Wiium Bente Wold |
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Institution: | (1) Research Centre for Health Promotion, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Christiesgate 13, 5020 Bergen, Norway |
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Abstract: | The aim of the present study was to simultaneously examine the effect of factors related to school, leisure, family and the
individual on adolescent smoking. These determining factors occupy the micro- and mesosystems of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological
Theory. Data were collected using questionnaires from a nationally representative sample of 15-year-olds (1404 pupils) and
73 staff members from 73 schools in Norway. Males formed 51% of the sample size. Consistent with previous studies, the various
factors were linked to adolescent smoking when examined separately. However, in an ecological setting, factors related to
the individual and leisure (i.e., attitudes towards smoking, perceived behavioural control and evenings with friends) emerged
as the strongest predictors. School and family factors were completely mediated by individual and leisure factors, although
when examined alone, they explained quite a substantial amount of the variance and a considerable amount of school difference
in adolescent smoking. The implications are discussed. |
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Keywords: | |
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