对我国警察机关“四难”现象的公共管理分析

“四难”现象即指“门难进,脸难看,话难听,事难办”。警察机关“四难”现象的产生,有其客观必然性,不能简单归因于警察素质偏低。“四难”现象有助于警察获得权力寻租,有利于警察减轻工作负担,是警察体力透支与心理压力的外在反映,是行政机关和垄断行业的通病,而向上负责,无需向下负责的体制也促使“四难”现象的产生。对此,“四难”产生的公共管理根源可概括为:警察严重短缺是人力原因,警察服务训练匮乏与服务内容宽泛的矛盾是技术原因,公众对警察服务的需求无限性与警察资源的供给有限性是资源原因,服务型公安行政模式的未建立是制度原因,缺乏市场竞争是动力原因。所以,必须运用公共管理的手段来解决“四难”现象。

Analysis on Public Management of "Four difficult points "of Police Organ in Our Country

"Four difficult points " phenomenon refers to "difficult to enter,difficult to face,difficult to listen,difficult to deal with".There is an objective necessity to produce the "four difficult points" phenomenon in police organ,not only due to the low quality of police."Four difficult points " phenomenon can help police to gain the right and can help them to decrease work load,which is show the outer reaction of police's physical strength overdraft and psychological stress,the most common mistakes on executive branch and monopoly industry,and furthermore,being produced by mechanism that it needs to responsible for the higher level,but do not need to responsible for the lower level.So,the root of public management on "four difficult points "" phenomenon can be generalized that a critical shortage of police is the manpower cause,the contradict in lack of training in police service and abroad services is the technical cause,finiteness of requirement for police service and infinity of supply of police resources are the resources cause,not having been built service police administrational pattern is system cause,lack of market competition is motivity cause.So,we should use public management instrument to deal with "four difficult points " phenomenon.