公民参与式民主理论的拓展——异体问责的视角

公民参与式民主能够完善异体问责的理论和发展路径,而异体问责作为公民参与式民主的重要体现,能够为公民参与式民主的发展提供新视角。公民参与式民主理论强调公民与政府的双向互动,公民可以通过制度保证对政府管理进行监督问责,政府必须对公民监督问责做出积极回应并改善行政管理。民主模式从古希腊城邦的直接民主发展到近现代的代议制民主,20世纪中后期,随着时代的发展和科技的进步,参与式民主理论在对代议制民主的批判和重构中逐渐发展成熟。在该理论指导下的参与式民主实践逐步深入,从而加强了公民作为政府异体问责主体的地位,在具体实践中体现为宏观领域的行政民主、中观领域的电子民主、微观领域的工业民主。

Theory Expansion of Citizen Participatory Democracy---From the Perspective of Allograft Accountability

Citizen participa tory democracy can improve the theory and development path of allograft accountability while allograft accountability, as its important embodiment, can provide a new perspective to the development of citizen participatory democracy. The theory of citizen participatory democracy emphasizes the bidirectional interaction between citizen and government. Citizens can supervise government administration through the institutional guarantee, and the government must give a positive response to the public supervision and accountability and improve administrative management as well. Modes of democracy develop from the ancient Greek city-states to modern representative democracy. In mid and late 20th century, with the development of the times and the progress of science and technology, participatory democracy theory gets mature in the criticism and reconstruction of representative democracy. With its guidance, the practice of participatory democracy gradually gets in depth, thus strengthening the status of citizens as the subject of government allograft accountability. In practice, it is embodied in the form of administrative democracy in the macro field, electronic democracy in the medium field, and industrial democracy in the micro field.