中国社会保障改革：困境与出路

中国社会保障改革目前面临四大任务,即如何拯救城镇养老金制度、如何推动机关事业单位社保改革、如何解决被征地农民和农民工社保和如何对待农村社保。当前社保改革的困境,主要表现为“统帐结合”养老金制度濒临破产,但机关事业单位社保改革、被征地农民和农民工等社保却要同其“并轨”。社保改革走入困境,主要由于在社保改革的环境和背景、社保制度安排和改革方案设计、借鉴国际经验和社保改革推进方式等方面出现了偏差。深化社保改革,要在社保和企业竞争力、居民期望和政府责任、政府和市场等三个方面把握好平衡点。

Reform of Chinese Social Security: Dilemma and the Way out

Chinese social security reform is now facing with four tasks: how to save the retirement pensions system in towns and cities,how to carry on the social security reform in offices and enterprises,how to establish the social security for rural laborers and farmers whose lands have been expropriated.The dilemma for the reform is shown mainly by the virtual bankruptcy of retirement pensions combined with overall planning and personal account,to which reform of social security in offices and enterprises,social security for the mentioned rural laborers and farmers are required to conform.The dilemma is due to the deviations in the environment and background of the reform,the arrangement of social security system and design of the reform,inspirations drawn from international experience and the way to carry on the reform.To deepen the reform,we should find the balance between social security and business competition,people's expectation and government responsibility,government and market.