资质才能与分配正义

在市场经济条件下，分配差异与资质才能具有直接的根本性关联，分配正义的权利依据就归结为对资质才能的权利问题，美国学罗尔斯和诺齐克由于在资质才能的权利归属上有不同见解，因而坚持不同的分配正义原则。社会和个人对资质才能都拥有权利，是双重拥有，社会一方面应该承认资质才能的差别，保护因此差异而获得有差等的利益权利，另一方面也要通过对财富一定程度的集中再分配支持因先天不利等原因导致的较少受惠和社会弱势人群。社会基本结构的设计与制度创新民须使有利和不利的利益分配实现一种恰当的平衡。

Intelligence, Ability and Justice in Distribution

Under the condition of market economy,difference in distribution has direct and essential association with inteligence and ability.The basis of right for justice in distribution can be summed up to be one for inteligence and ability.American scholars Rowles and Nozick have different opinions in right belonging of intelligence and ability,so they insist on different principles of distribution justice.Both society and individual have right to intelligence and ability,so it is double possession.On one hand,society should acknowledge the difference in intelligence and ability and protect the right to different benefit;on the other hand,we should support those less benefited and disadvantaged people in society through some extent of concentration and redistribution of wealth.The design of basic social structure and innovation of system must keep a proper balance in benefit distribution of advantaged and disadvantaged people.