韩国零售业态发展及政府规制

一国零售业态的发展与其经济发展阶段具有明显的相关性。韩国经济经历了高速增长和市场开放及资本自由化阶段后,便利店、廉价店等新业态大量进入,给韩国以大型百货店和商品交易市场为主导业态的传统零售业态带来了冲击。新型业态基本是模仿国外业态形式或随外资进入的,大型廉价店等新业态在本土化适应过程中不断调整,形成韩国特色。将韩国零售业态置于经济发展过程来考察,会发现与日本战后经济发展的阶段性以及现代零售业态的发展轨迹和政府政策规制的方向具有极大的相似性。我国也呈现出与韩国、日本的相似性。观察韩国零售业态演进过程及其特征,给中国零售业态发展研究提供了一个参照,对总结后发展国家零售业态发展规律具有重要意义。

Development of Forms of Retailing in Korea and Governmental Regulations

Development of a country's forms of retailing is markedly correlated with its economic developmental stage.After having experienced rapid growth,market opening-up and capital liberalization in its national economy,Korea witnesses the large inflow of new forms of retailing such as convenience stores and discount stores,which have strong impact upon the traditional dominating form of retailing centered on large department stores and commodity exchange markets.The new forms are introduced with foreign capital investment or mimics of foreign operational forms.New forms like large discount stores have been re-adjusted in the course of localization and have obtained unique Korean characteristics.Researching the Korean forms of retailing in the economic developmental stage,we will find it is very similar to the Japanese economic development phase of post-war,the developing trace of the modern forms of retailing and the direction made by the governmental policies.China also has it as Korea and Japan do.Observing the evolutionary process of Korean retailing forms and their characteristics to offer a reference to the study of Chinese development of forms of retailing is practical.It has great significance to conclude the developing principles of the forms of retailing of late developing countries.