Identification of parent benzodiazepines by gas chromotography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) from urinary extracts treated with B-glucuronidase |
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Affiliation: | 1. Navy Drug Screening Laboratory, Great Lakes, IL 60088, USA;2. Navy Drug Screening Laboratory, Bldg H-2033, Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, FL 32212, USA;1. NHS Lothian, United Kingdom;2. University of Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Abstract: | Urinary glucuronide metabolites of the benzodiazepines were converted back to the parent molecules after treatment with B-glucuronidase. The benzodiazepines were extracted by a one-step liquid/liquid extraction from urine or by a liquid/solid phase extraction. For the limit of detection (LOD), a standard solution of diazepam and oxazepam was serially diluted and analyzed to the point at which a reproducible analytical result was no longer obtained. Using a temperature program and a splitless mode of injection, excellent quantitation was achieved within an 8-min run time. Based upon specimens obtained from patients under a physician's care, we have determined that urinary concentrations of the benzodiazepines > 200 ng/ml are most likely due to abuse rather than to a prescribed ingestion under strict medical surveillance. Therefore, the calibration standard and cutoff concentration for a positive result was set at 200 ng/ml. |
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