中美大学生志愿服务激励机制的比较研究

从来源上看，国家的合法性认同、高校的创新管理、志愿组织与志愿者之间的关系是大学生志愿服务激励机制的重要方面。中美大学生志愿服务激励机制的比较结果表明：志愿服务是一种“有限自愿”行为，需要强化国家在法律规章合法性建构方面的主导性，提升大学生志愿服务在国家社会生活中的显著度；大学生志愿服务行动呈“弥散分布结构”，需要高校建立统一认证考评体系，并将其纳入课程学分、就业指标与素质教育的框架；志愿组织培育好与志愿者的关系，以平等沟通与深度参与方式开发志愿服务的多元活动网络，有助于从内在的满足感与成就感方面激发大学生的志愿热情。

A Comparative Study of the Inspirational Mechanism of Volunteer Services Between Chinese and American College Students

The inspirational mechanism of volunteer services among college students originates from the recognition of the legitimacy from state, the creative management in higher educational institutions and the relationship between the volunteer organizations and volunteers. The comparison of the inspirational mechanism of volunteer services between Chinese and American college students shows that volunteer services is a kind of limited voluntary behaviors, which means that state power should take the leadership in the construction of a legalized framework of laws and regulations so as to highlight the importance of volunteer services of college students in the social life of the whole country. The scattered structure of volunteer service of college students determines that higher educational institutions should establish a unified evaluation and testing system to include it in the framework of course credits, employment target and quality education. The volunteer organizations are supposed to cultivate its relationship with volunteers to expand the diversification of volunteer activities by equal communication and deep involvement, which stimulates the passion of volunteers by meeting their internal sense of satisfaction and achievement.