论马克思社会主义经济理论的二重性与抽象性

在马克思的社会主义理论体系中,存在着两种性质不同的社会主义及其产生方式,一种是资本主义自我异化,即资本主义生产力高度发达基础上产生的社会主义：一种是在生产力发展水平不变基础上,通过社会革命改变生产资料所有制形式而建立的社会主义。这使得它们之间的特征也完全不同。由于马克思没有完成他的研究计划,因此不仅使得他的经济理论,而且使得建立在此基础之上的社会主义理论,都是一种没有完成从抽象到具体转换的阶段性成果,带有高度的假设性,所以还不是一种成熟的社会主义理论。如果将被抽象的因素,如国家等纳入进来,这些结论必将被做重大修改。以邓小平理论为代表的“有中国特色社会主义理论”,就是为了完成这种抽象到现实的转换所做的探索．是对马克思社会主义理论的重大贡献。

The Duality and Abstractness of Marx's Socialist Economic Theory

Within the Marx's socialist economic theory system, there are two kinds of socialism with different properties and their producing ways. One is the self-dissimilation of capitalism, thus it was the socialism produced on the basis that the capitalism's productivities were highly developed. The other was that the socialism was built through social revolution in order to change the ownership form on the basis that productivity didn't change. This made the characteristics between them completely different. Marx hadn't completed his research plan. Therefore, not only his economic theory, but also the socialism theory built on that basis was a sort of stage achievement which hadn't finished the transformation from abstraction to concreteness and had taken assumptions. So it was not a kind of mature socialism theory. If the abstract factors, like country, were taken into account, these results must be revised greatly. The "socialism theories with the Chinese characteristics", which takes the Deng Xiaoping theory as the representative, are just for the completion of the transformation from abstraction to reality, so they are the great contributions to the Marx's socialism theory.