合作作品法律规定的完善

合作作品就是两个以上的人根据合作协议创作的作品。按照合作协议的约定履行义务,并将其贡献融入合作作品的当事人,即为合作作者。合作作品著作权由合作作者共同享有。判断一件作品是否为合作作品,须考虑三个条件:当事人之间是否有合作协议、当事人是否按照合作协议约定履行义务并将贡献融入合作作品。不能同时满足这三个条件的、由两个以上的人共同创作的作品,可能是汇编作品、组合作品或者演绎作品,而不是合作作品。现行《著作权法》及其实施条例关于合作作品的规定存在三大缺失:一是忽视了当事人之间的合作创作意图;二是将合作创作混同于单独创作;三是用实际创作取代当事人的贡献。2012年3月31日,由国家版权局发布的《著作权法》第三次修改征求意见稿,基本上维持了现状。针对此,本文提出了关于完善合作作品规定的建议。

Studies on Improving the Legal Regulations of Joint Works

Joint work refers to a work prepared by two or more persons according to their collaboration agreement.Joint author refers to the person related performing his duty in accordance with the collaboration agreement and with the intention that his contribution be merged into a joint work.The authorship of joint work is owned jointly by authors.The following three conditions need to be considered when judging whether a work is a joint work:whether there is a collaboration agreement,whether the party performs his duty in accordance with the collaboration agreement and with the intention that his contribution be merged into a joint work.In case these conditions could not be met at the same time,the work that is jointly created by two or more persons may be compiled work,composed work or derivative work rather than joint work.The regulations on the joint work in the existing Copyright Law and its implementation rules have the following three deficiencies:ignoring the intention of joint creation between the persons related,confusing the joint work with a single work and displacing the contributions of the persons related with actual creation.The draft for comments of the third amendment to the Copyright Law issued by National Copyright Administration on March 31st,2012 basically keeps the current situation.Facing this situation,this article puts forward suggestions on revision to improving the regulations of joint works.