腐败网络的结构类型、特征及运行机制

借鉴社会交换理论,将腐败网络视为非法社会交换网络,进而揭示其两种典型结构,即外排式联接腐败网络与内含式联接腐败网络。外排式联接网络形成了"资源排斥性"权力结构,迫使权力劣势者进行竞争以获得资源;内含式联接网络形成了"功能互补性"权力结构,要求各方行动者进行合作以获得收益。权力分配的不均等造成了网络结构中各方之间的冲突,导致了网络的分裂趋势。而关系承诺因其对权力运作的削弱,发挥着重要的网络整合功能。权力结构和关系承诺,作为腐败网络能否持续运行的决定因素,为当前反腐提供了重要突破口。

Structure Types, Features and Operating Mechanism of Corruption Networks

Based on social exchange theory, this study considers the corruption networks as illegal social exchange networks, and then points out two typical network structures, namely exclusively connected corruption networks and inclusively connected corruption networks. The former forms the power structure with the feature of ＂resource exclusion＂ and forces the competitors with inferior power to participate in the competition to gain the resources. The later forms the power structure with the feature of ＂functional complementation＂ and requires all the participants to collaborate so to get profits. Such unequal distribution of pow- er leads to network conflicts and the tendency of network division. Relational commitment contributes to network integration by weakening the operation of its power. Power structures and relational commitment, as the determinant factors of whether corrup- tion networks can persistently exist, offer some breakthroughs to strengthen anti-corruption.