从“就业难”与“用工荒”并发看劳动力资本管理

我国现已非常接近劳动力过剩向短缺转折的刘易斯拐点。目前就业难与用工荒并存,是因为劳动力结构与产业结构的不协调,人口结构变化,国内产业转移和区域经济兴起等原因;从劳动管理学角度分析,根本原因是城乡劳动力市场分割,劳动力资本市场的信息共享机制不健全,劳动力资本升值受限,用工要求苛刻,工资报酬偏低,农民工工作环境较差,忽视企业文化建设。需要社会、企业和员工共同努力,从根本上解决就业难与用工荒的并发。

Management of Labor Capital from the Perspective of Employment Difficulties and Shortage of Migrant Workers

China is now approaching closely Lewis Turning Point,i.e.,turning from labor surplus to shortage.Presently,employment difficulties coexist with shortage of workers due to the unharmonious relationship between labor structure and industrial structure,change of population structure,domestic industrial shift and rise of regional economy.From the perspective of labor management,the fundamental reasons are separation of urban labor market from rural labor market,unsound mechanism for sharing the information of labor capital market,limit on rise of labor capital,rigor in employment requirements,low payment,poor working environment and neglect of industrial culture development.