单一制国家权力配置规范化的路径选择

当代单一制国家的次国家单位既包括普通行政区域,也包括各种享有不同自治权的自治单位和行政特区。对单一制国家为什么会采取多样的次国家单位形式,单一制理论未曾对此作出明确的回答,由此在次国家单位多样化发展出现超出现有权力体制规定时,单一制国家只能被动应对。要克服这种情况,就要使单一制理论突破对权力配置的静态阐释。从纵向权力配置的动态过程来看,次国家单位的多样化植根于社会共同体的多样化需求,只有建立社会共同体对次国家单位权力组织的诉愿表达和中央统一权力配置过程之间相互沟通的规范程序,将次国家单位发展过程整合到统一的法治体系中来,才能保持单一制国家统一权力体制的稳定和权威。

Approach to Standardize Power Configuration in Unitary System

Apart from ordinary administrative regions,there are self-government units with different extent of autonomy,including autonomous districts and special administrative regions.However,the reason why one unitary system would rather adopt diversity in its vertical structure of power remains in the blank field of the theory.With no systematic theory,unitary system in practice has been stuck in some passive situation when it comes to reality.Diversification has been a trend that leads the practice of sub-national units to raise their own independent requirements in power structure,which makes it so clear that it must be clarified in theoretical level.To solve this,the sub-national theory should not be contained in the static structure.Only by establishing an institutional approach to integrate the dynamic process,especially a communicative procedure that could offer social communities institutional rights to express their independent requirements to the central government by sub-national units,on the integrated basis,which is the key to stability and authority of the unitary structure.