新冠肺炎疫情防控中的“志愿者+社区社会组织”模式服务效力及其反思

在新冠肺炎疫情期间,社区的“志愿者+社区社会组织”实务模式在防控疫情蔓延、平缓居民心态、链接生活物资等方面发挥了重要作用。从志愿者参与途径看,“志愿者+社区社会组织”服务实践主要体现为价值取向中的个体主动、从众压力下的群体驱动、基于科层权威的单位组织、社区自治组织发动的“网格+志愿服务”、注重多元主体协同的混合五种具体模式,并在防疫工作中发挥了各自效力。该实务模式尚存志愿者和社区社会组织工作人员的定位分化、志愿服务风险系数高、志愿者疫情防控能力不足等突出问题。为推进志愿服务参与社区社会组织的疫情防控效率,须明晰组织与志愿者之间的合作基础,实施志愿服务的成本收益分析,筛选合适的志愿服务模式,总结疫情防控的基本经验,推动志愿服务的制度化建设。

The Practical Effects and Introspection of the Service Models of“Volunteers Plus Community-Based Organizations”During the Period of COVID-19 Outbreak

During the period of COVID-19 outbreak,the service models of“volunteers plus community-based organizations”within communities have played a major role in many aspects.In light of the ways of participating,there are five models which are value-oriented individual actively participating model,group-pressed participating model,bureaucratic authority-based model,community-grid plus volunteer model and mixed model.Although these models have made big achievements,there are still some problems,such as the different orientations between volunteers and community workers,the high risk coefficient of voluntary service,and the insufficient prevention and control ability of volunteers.We should make the cooperation foundation between volunteers and community-based organizations clear,implement the cost-benefit analysis for volunteer service,choose the proper service models,summarize the basic experience of epidemic prevention and control,and promote the system construction of community volunteer service.