“互联网条款”对于新类型网络服务的适用问题——从“通知删除”到“通知加采取必要措施”

"通知删除"规则率先确立于《信息网络传播权保护条例》,《侵权责任法》"互联网条款"将其扩展为"通知加采取必要措施",并使其广泛适用于一般网络侵权领域。《电子商务法》知识产权保护条款又有相应的规定。随着互联网技术和商业模式迅速发展,新类型网络服务层出不穷,在适用"通知删除"等规则中不断产生新问题和新争议。除另有特别规定外,新类型网络服务应当适用《侵权责任法》第36条规定的"通知加采取必要措施",其中"必要措施"的界定具有开放性和灵活性,"必要措施"的妥当性取决于与特定网络服务的匹配性,可以根据网络服务提供者的具体情形,以利益衡量的方式确定相应的具体措施。个案中应当根据新类型网络服务的特性以及产业发展需求等情况,合理权衡特定网络服务与"必要措施"的适应性,妥善确定应当采取的"必要措施"。

Application of "Internet Article" to New Types of Network Service--From “Notice-and-Takedown”Rule to " Notice and Taking Necessary Measures"

The "notice and takedown"Rule was first established in the Regulation on the Protection of the Right to Communicate Works to the Public over Information Networks,and the "Internet Article"of the Tort Law extended it to "notice and taking necessary measures " and made it widely applicable to the general network infringement field. The article of intellectual property protection in E-Commerce Law also provides corresponding regulations. With the rapid development of Internet technology and business models,new types of network services have emerged endlessly,and new problems and controversies have continuously arisen in the application of rules such as "notice and takedown". Unless otherwise specified,the "notice and taking necessary measures"stipulated in Article 36 of the Tort Law is applicable in new types of network service. The definition of "necessary measures"is open and flexible. The appropriateness of "necessary measures"depends on the matching with the specific network service,and the corresponding specific measures can be determined in a way of measuring benefits according to the specific situation of the network service provider. In a specific case,the adaptability of specific network services and"necessary measures"should be reasonably weighed according to the characteristics of the new type of network service and the needs of industrial development,and thus properly determine the "necessary measures".