共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 263 毫秒
1.
2.
目的探讨颅脑外伤后癫痫的法医学评定要点,提出外伤性癫痫的法医学评定依据。方法对100例颅脑损伤后癫痫患者门诊及住院病历,结合临床脑电图(EEG)结果、CT片、MRI片等影像学资料,进行了回顾性分析。结果依据GBl8667-2002《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》标准有关颅脑损伤后癫痫发作类型、发作频率的相关条款规定,Ⅲ级伤残8人,Ⅴ级伤残10人,Ⅶ级伤残22人,Ⅸ级伤残40人,Ⅹ级伤残20人。误工期限、营养期限和护理期限评定结论时间长短差异较大,具有个体化特征。结论外伤后癫痫常继发于严重的颅脑损伤,其发作特点决定于颅脑外伤的部位和程度,外伤性癫痫法医学鉴定必须以外伤史及既往史为基础,结合电生理及影像学检查,综合癫痫发作类型、频率及药物控制情况作出正确的伤残等级及误工期限、护理期限、营养期限的鉴定结论。 相似文献
3.
目的探讨交通事故致颈椎损伤后伤残等级和休息、护理、营养时限的法医学鉴定,以及颈部损伤、原有疾患与后遗症之间因果关系法医学鉴定的原则与方法。方法收集64例颈椎损伤的伤残等级鉴定案例,对相关资料/数据进行统计分析。收集交警部门反馈的涉及伤病关系案件的处理结果,了解案件双方当事人对鉴定结论的认可程度。结果随着对颈椎损伤后伤残评定案件中原发病的认识逐渐增加,相应颈椎损伤涉及伤病关系鉴定的案件也日益增多;在受理的颈椎损伤伤病关系案件中,均按照伤病关系理论进行鉴定,案件处理机关(交通警察)以及双方当事人对鉴定结论均表示满意。结论对于各种颈椎损伤进行伤残等级和“三期”鉴定的案例,由于损伤机制不同,自身原有颈椎健康程度不同,所造成的后果也不尽相同,鉴定中应考虑原有疾病对伤残等级的影响。 相似文献
4.
目的探索道路交通事故中颅脑损伤所致轻度精神伤残者人格改变的主要表现形式及其在伤残评定中的价值。方法运用《脑外伤后人格改变评定量表》量化评定道路交通事故所致颅脑外伤者后遗人格改变状况,并探讨人格改变与颅脑损伤程度、精神伤残程度的相关性。结果 271例样本中239例(88.2%)存在人格改变,其中178例(65.7%)为轻度,46例(17.0%)为中度,15例(5.5%)为重度。人格改变程度在不同颅脑损伤程度之间的构成比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但各组之间量表总分差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),两两比较显示中型与重型颅脑损伤之间差异无统计学意义。人格改变程度越明显,精神伤残等级越高,轻度精神伤残不同等级者人格改变评定量表总分差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),除七级与八级之间差异无统计学意义外,其余各组之间差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论交通事故中提出精神伤残评定的脑外伤者中人格改变发生比例较高,人格改变严重程度与精神伤残程度相关,《脑外伤后人格改变评定量表》能有效量化评定交通事故中脑外伤所致人格改变程度,量表总分与颅脑损伤程度具有相关性。 相似文献
5.
6.
颅脑损伤后精神障碍的相关因素分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 探讨颅脑损伤后精神障碍的相关因素。方法 对42例颅脑损伤伤者的法医学鉴定资料进行回顾性分析,颅脑损伤诊断按照病史资料和颅脑CT/MRI确定;精神障碍按照CCMD-Ⅱ-R、CCMD-3及龚氏修订的韦氏智力量表(WAIS-RC)确定;伤残程度评定根据《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》标准。将所获得的结果,进行统计学分析。结果 精神障碍以脑震荡后综合征居首位(26.2%),其次是遗忘综合征(21.4%)、神经症(16.6%)等。精神障碍以脑伤的低伤残等级多见(Ⅹ级52.4%,Ⅷ级14.3%,Ⅶ级19.0%),但整体差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。精神病性精神障碍多分布于脑器质性损伤(脑挫裂伤54.8%,脑干损伤16.7%);非精神病性精神障碍多分布于脑功能性损伤,其中脑震荡占21.4%,其差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);智力缺损多见于脑器质性损伤(P<0.05),80.6%分布于脑伤的Ⅹ级、Ⅷ级和Ⅶ级(P<0.01)。结论 颅脑损伤后精神障碍及智力缺损的发生与颅脑损伤的类型、性质有关,与颅脑损伤的严重程度并不平行。 相似文献
7.
太原市道路交通事故致颅脑损伤300例分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
道路交通事故所致人员的损伤及伤残程度是法医临床鉴定的重要内容。颅脑损伤是交通事故中最常见的损伤 ,它的发生率仅次于四肢损伤而居第二位 ,但其致残率占首位。本文对 1997年~ 1999年发生在太原市的交通事故致颅脑损伤者伤残评定资料进行分析 ,旨在对颅脑损伤的发生、肇事方式、损伤机制及伤残评定等问题进行初探。1 案例资料分析1 1 一般资料收集太原市公安交警支队事故处 1997年~ 1999年因交通事故致颅脑损伤者伤残评定档案资料 30 0例。男性伤者 2 2 2例 ,女性 78例。年龄最小 1 5岁 ,最大 75岁。其中 10岁以下 16例 ;11~ 2 0岁 … 相似文献
8.
9.
由于各种生物性、化学性、机械性因素作用,可导致人体精神的、生理功能的和解剖结构的异常,以及生活、工作和社会活动能力的不同程度的丧失,因此,人体损伤的法医学鉴定就成了涉及审理刑事、民事案件中人体损伤与残疾程度的评定,公正确定侵权行为人所应承担合理赔偿的法律责任的重要依据。研究人体损伤与残疾程度的评定是法医学、伤残赔偿学的迫切需要,并且对人身损伤与伤残赔偿立法和司法实践具有重要意义。刑事技术2003年第1我国人体损伤与伤残程度鉴定的现状当前,人体损伤与伤残评级鉴定人员分专业司法鉴定人员和未实行司法鉴定人资格制度… 相似文献
10.
目的 分析研究交通事故致颅脑损伤后认知功能障碍的伤残等级与年龄、伤前受教育的程度、受伤部位等多个因素间的关系.方法 对纳入的448例样本进行回顾性调查,用多因素Logistic回归分析,筛查出影响伤残等级的关键因素,建立各伤残等级的数字预测模型,并对模型进行检验.结果 颅脑损伤程度、昏迷时间、GCS评分、损伤性质、人格改变、精神病性症状、软化灶、治疗方法、P300潜伏期、全量表智商和智能损害程度与伤残等级有统计学意义(P<0.05),且GCS评分和全量表智商与伤残等级呈正相关(β>0),其他因素与伤残等级呈负相关(β<0);模型拟合程度良好,具有较高的参考价值.结论 在交通事故致颅脑损伤后认知功能障碍的伤残程度评定中,要综合考虑本研究结果中的关键因素,得出科学性的伤残等级评定. 相似文献
11.
12.
司法会计不等于司法会计鉴定——暨谈涉案会计事实证明中的几个误区 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目前,涉案会计事实证明中存在着几个认识上的误区。诸如“司法会计就是司法会计鉴定”,“司法会计鉴定的主要功能是发现涉案会计事实”,“司法会计鉴定对象载体是财务会计资料”,“只要是涉案会计事实的证明活动就是司法会计鉴定”和“司法会计鉴定越客观越好,应该看到什么说什么”,等等。这些认识不利于合理发挥各种涉案会计事实专业证明手段的作用,削弱了这些专业证明手段的证明力,影响了诉讼效率。 相似文献
13.
14.
Verity Chester Regi T. Alexander 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2018,29(4):557-573
Introduction: ‘Head banging’ is a common form of self-harm, linked to numerous negative outcomes including significant brain damage. However, little research has investigated head banging behaviour and its correlates in clinical populations. Method: Head banging episodes were identified from the incident records (n = 5417) of two inpatient forensic services (one intellectual disability and one mental health), using relevant search terms. Rates were compared between individual patients, by gender, diagnosis and level of security. Incident accounts were analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Results: Head banging incidents occurred approximately every 3 days in each service, with 229 incidents recorded in 1 year. Individual patient rates varied widely, ranging from 1 to 38 incidents within 1 year. Women, and patients in higher levels of therapeutic security, were significantly more likely to engage in head banging. Qualitative incident reports indicated that head banging was associated with mental distress, anger and psychotic experiences. Discussion: Head banging occurs frequently in forensic services, and has documented associations with traumatic brain injury in affected individuals, thus negatively impacting progress through the care pathway and treatment outcomes. Further research should investigate short- and long-term management strategies and treatment approaches, in order to minimise harm. 相似文献
15.
尸体解剖是法医学传统的、经典的技术手段,但由于需破坏尸体,尸体解剖有时会遭到抵制和排斥。虚拟解剖技术为法医学检验提供了一种非侵入性的检验途径,可客观准确地反映骨折、软组织损伤、创道、器官损伤等,为法医学鉴定实践提供直观有力的证据。本文综合国内外最新文献资料,从虚拟解剖在法医损伤鉴定、机械性窒息、溺死、高低温死亡、疾病诊断及其在法医有限元损伤研究中的应用等方面进行综述,阐述了这一新的法医学研究方向。 相似文献
16.
17.
J. Christopher Dudar Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(4):877-883
Abstract: Cranial neural tube defect, or anencephaly, is the absence of normal brain development because of severe developmental defect in the fetus. While the current incidence of human anencephaly ranges between 1 to 5 per 1000 births, and was higher prior to folic acid supplementation, there is no discussion of anencephaly diagnosis in the forensic literature and only one published example from the archeological record. This article presents both qualitative observations of abnormal cranial elements and an osteometric method to quantitatively determine anencephaly from forensic recovery contexts where taphonomic variables may otherwise mask diagnostic characteristics. Evidence is presented for only the second case of anencephaly diagnosed from a burial context, and the first not involving soft tissue mummification. The initial recognition and accurate prediction of anencephaly is a significant contribution to investigators recovering found human fetal remains. 相似文献
18.
19.
Alessia Viero M.D. Giovanni Cecchetto M.D. Ph.D. Rafael Boscolo‐Berto M.D. Guido Viel M.D. Ph.D. Massimo Montisci M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(1):268-270
Asphyxial deaths are common in forensic practice, being sustained by a variety of mechanisms that cause an oxygen deficiency to the brain. Several classification models have been proposed in the literature, the most recent one being that of the International Network for Forensic Research Group (INFOR). This report describes an unusual case of suffocation where the obstruction of the airways was caused by a gag formed of three latex gloves and a handkerchief. The manner of death (differential diagnosis between homicide and suicide) and the different alternatives of classification are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Survival of Atherosclerotic Calcifications in Skeletonized Material: Forensic and Pathological Implications 下载免费PDF全文
Lucie Biehler‐Gomez M.S. Annalisa Cappella Ph.D. Elisa Castoldi M.S. Laurent Martrille M.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(2):386-394
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease creating calcifying plaques in the arterial walls. Because its paleopathological diagnosis remains little studied on skeletal remains, its impact on forensic and archeological data is completely underestimated. Here, 24 skeletal remains from the Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection have been studied to evaluate the chance of atherosclerotic calcification survival, retrieval, and identification. Through direct comparison with a known autopsy collection and literature, the identification and categorization of several types of calcifications were performed. Clothing elements such as tights or socks played a definitive role in the preservation of the calcifications; hence they are more likely to be found in forensic cases than in archeological ones. Therefore, vascular calcifications are possible to collect and identify in skeletal remains if sufficient care is given to their recovery. Consequently and as markers of the disease, such identification can provide valuable pathological information for forensic and archeological cases. 相似文献