共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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常规硅藻检验法的改良 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
日常办案中,硅藻检验常用的方法是硝酸酒精破机法,但如遇到脂肪的干扰,可能影响检验结果。为了减少人体组织脂肪对硅藻检验的影响和对现场对水样的快速处理,笔者对传统的硝酸破机法进行了改良,使操作更为简单,适用,现报道如下。 相似文献
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朱墨时序的检验在文件检验领域中较为常见。本文主要是在许多文献的基础上以及本人从事文检工作中取得的一点经验,对现如今经常使用的解决朱墨时序问题的几方法的优点、适用范围以及其局限性进行深入的比较分析。 相似文献
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几种朱墨交叉时序的检验方法及其比较分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文件朱墨交叉时序的确定一直是困扰文检界的难题之一.本文简要介绍了目前常用的六种检验方法,并结合五个典型案例对各种检验方法进行比较分析,以探讨针对不同形成条件的文件物证进行检验时采用哪些检验方法更为有效的解决问题.希望能够在同类问题的研究上达到抛砖引玉的效果. 相似文献
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文件朱墨时序的检验方法及其比较分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文件朱墨时序的判定是文件检验领域的难题之一。本文以38篇文献为基础,综述了目前常用的解决朱墨时序问题的十一种方法。并对各种方法的适用范围、优点和局限进行比较分析,以期为文检工作者视检材的具体情况采用合适的检验方法,提供一些参考。 相似文献
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采行一元论和采行二元论的国家,在司法实践中出现了某种融合的趋势,解释性适用方法被广泛采用。这种方法以国内法为依托,通过援引国际人权法解释国内法的方式,实现国际人权法在国内的间接适用。可以作为解释资源的国际人权文件范围广泛,实际范围会受到各国国内法院所持的不同原理的影响。按照对国际法和国内法关系的不同理解,国内法院解释适用的具体方法可以被分为“立足于国内价值”的方法和“立足于国际价值”的方法两类。在国际人权法尚无法在我国法院直接适用的情况下,“解释性适用”方法为我们提供了一个突破现实瓶项的可选路径。具体而言,我们应当立足于“国内价值”,从价值增进型、价值确认型和语境解释这三种方法中选择适当的方法进行探索性实践和运用。 相似文献
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Moira Zanaboni B.Sc. Gabriella Roda Ph.D. Sebastiano Arnoldi H.S.D. Eleonora Casagni M.D. Veniero Gambaro M.D. Michele Dei Cas M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(2):636-640
The determination of carbon monoxide (CO) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is of utmost importance in forensic toxicology to determine the cause of death in cases of CO poisoning, fire, and explosions. To this end, reliable and updated analytical methods are required. In this paper, four different methods for the determination of carbon monoxide in postmortem blood samples were compared: (i) the spectrophotometric determination of COHb applying the method proposed by Rodkey and modified by Beutler–West, (ii) the spectrophotometric determination of CO using a micro-diffusion-based method, (iii) the determination of CO by gas chromatography coupled to a TCD detector, and (iv) the determination of COHb by blood gas analysis. Three postmortem blood samples were analyzed with all methods, and the results were comparable. The applied methodologies showed different features depending on the sensitivity, sample preparation, and volume. The HS-GC/TCD method in our hand was the most appropriate, on postmortem samples, and versatile to apply. Unfortunately, only a limited number of postmortem blood samples were available for this study due to the rarity of that kind of intoxication in our jurisdiction. 相似文献
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Al-Dirbashi OY Wada M Kuroda N Takahashi M Nakashima K 《Journal of forensic sciences》2000,45(3):708-714
In this paper, miniaturized achiral and chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic procedures for the determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine in human urine are described. After a simple pretreatment of human urine (i.e., 10 microL of urine or diluted urine were acidified and dried-up under N2 at room temperature) and fluorescence derivatization with 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-benzoyl chloride under mild conditions (pH 9.0, 10 min at room temperature), the derivatives were isocratically separated on a semi-micro ODS column with Tris-HCl buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.0): acetonitrile (45 + 55 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min or their enantiomers were separated on a semi-micro OD-RH column with sodium hexafluorophosphate (0.3 M aq.): acetonitrile (44 + 56 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.1 mL/min as the mobile phase. Wide-ranged calibration curves were obtained with detection limits for the achiral and chiral analyses in the atto and femtomol levels, respectively, per injected volume. Satisfactory within- and between-day reproducibility data were obtained with both the methods with the highest relative standard deviation being 9.6%. The methods were applied to the determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine in human urine samples and the concentrations determined by the two methods were well correlated (r = 0.994). 相似文献
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A qualitative method for the determination of cocaine alone without its metabolites in human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed. The assay used helium as carrier gas, a 30-m bonded phase fused silica OV-1 capillary column, and solid injection at 290 degrees C evaporator temperature. The cocaine concentrations in hair were determined also by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The values obtained are the sum of cocaine and its metabolites. Both GC/MS and RIA meet the requirements for the determination of drug abuse by two different methods in forensic science. 相似文献
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E C Griesemer Y Liu R D Budd L Raftogianis T T Noguchi 《Journal of forensic sciences》1983,28(4):894-900
An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of both cocaine and benzoylecgonine in postmortem fluid and tissue samples has been developed by using computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography using a nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) detector. Both methods are accurate and sensitive and allow the determination of tissue concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine as low as 0.015 microgram/mL. 相似文献
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尿中MDMA及其代谢物的GC和GC/MS分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
考察MDMA在人体内的代谢以及建立尿中MDMA和体内主要代谢物MDA的分析方法。尿样水解后经液-液提取处理,用GC/MS(EI、PCI)和GC/FID法分析。人摄入MDMA后尿中MDA和原体MDMA比约为0.10~0.14。GC/MS/SIM和GC/FID法的最低检出限为2ng/ml和50ng/ml,回收率大于85%,变异系数小于10%。该法简便快速、灵敏度高、结果可靠,可用于MDMA滥用者的尿样鉴定。MDA/MDMA浓度比可作为评判毒分结果的参考指标。 相似文献
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Three spectrometric methods, that is, spectrofluorimetry (SF), atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET-AAS), and atomic fluorescence spectrometry with hydride generation (HG-AFS) were used for the determination of total selenium in biological samples taken from postmortem material in a case of acute selenium compound poisoning. The precision of the SF, ET-AAS, and HG-AFS methods (RSD, n=10) was found to be in the ranges of 10.0-15.0, 3.0-6.0 and 1.0-1.5%, respectively, and the detection limit was 10.0, 4.0, and 0.1 μg/L of Se, respectively. In the case of HG-AFS, the analytical procedure takes less time and is less laborious than the other methods considered. The obtained results show the usefulness of the HG-AFS method as a supplementary analytical tool to the SF and ET-AAS methods with respect to the determination of selenium as well as the possibility of using this method as a primary one in forensic toxicology practice. 相似文献
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Clobazam (Frisium) was hydrolyzed according to three methods commonly used in the determination of 1.4-benzo-diazepines; the reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography. Five degradation products were obtained for which structure proposals are discussed. After oral intake two of these substances were also detected in human urine. It should be recognized that some of the above mentioned substances may be on-column degradation products of artifacts occurring during hydrolyzation and/or sample clean-up. 相似文献
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尿液、血液中γ-羟丁酸的气质联用法分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的为尿液、血液中γ-羟丁酸(gamma-hydroxybutyricacid,GHB),γ-羟丁酸内酯(gamma-butyrolactone,GBL)和1,4-丁二醇(1,4-butanediol,1,4-BD)的鉴定提供方法和依据。方法100μl尿液或血液以GHBd6为内标,经乙酸乙酯提取、BSTFA衍生化后,用GC/MS法分析。结果测尿液中内源性GHB的线性范围是20-800ng/ml,R2=0.9995,最低检出限为10ng/ml(S/N≥3);测尿液、血液中外源性GHB的线性范围为5-60μg/ml,R2分别为0.9999和0.9928。相对回收率为99%-104%。以所建方法测定了健康志愿者尿液中内源性GHB含量,并考察了健康受试者外源性GHB的代谢情况。结论所建方法准确、便捷、省时、选择性好,适用于法医毒物学鉴定。 相似文献
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Six groups of common drugs of abuse (cannabinoids, benzoylecgonine, opiates, barbiturates, benzodiazepines and amphetamines) were determined in whole blood after acetone precipitation, using enzyme multiplied immunoassay (EMIT dau) and fluorescence polarisation immunoassay (FPIA--Abbott TDx and ADx) methods. Both methods, designed primarily for urine, allowed the determination of all above mentioned class of drugs but amphetamine. Only 1 ml of a pre- or postmortem blood sample was needed. The sensitivity of cannabinoids determination was higher by FPIA. The FPIA method gave more precise results, particularly in the case of autopsy blood. The method was applied for drug screening in autopsy and police blood samples. The results (both positive and negative) were in agreement with those obtained with chromatographic methods. 相似文献
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This paper describes a procedure for the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in mushroom extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn chemiluminescence detection. A number of extraction methods for psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms were investigated, with a simple methanolic extraction being found to be most effective. Psilocin and psilocybin were extracted from a variety of hallucinogenic mushrooms using methanol. The analytes were separated on a C12 column using a (95:5% v/v) methanol:10 mM ammonium formate, pH 3.5 mobile phase with a run time of 5 min. Detection was realized through a dual reagent chemiluminescence detection system of acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II). The chemiluminescence detection system gave improved detectability when compared with UV absorption at 269 nm, with detection limits of 1.2 x 10(-8) and 3.5 x 10(-9) mol/L being obtained for psilocin and psilocybin, respectively. The procedure was applied to the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in three Australian species of hallucinogenic mushroom. 相似文献