The Media, The Campaign, and The Message

This article examines the 1996 press releases issued by Republican presidential nominee candidates during the invisible primary and the subsequent stories generated by these press releases in newspapers. We systematically examine how campaigns structure their messages, which messages are transmitted by the press to the voting public, and what factors influence the transmission of the campaign's message. We find that campaign organizations disseminate a variety of messages to the media. Our analysis demonstrates that national media organizations are most receptive to informative (logistical) messages disseminated by candidates who are at the head of the field and most hostile to substantive (issue-oriented) messages regardless of their campaign of origin. By contrast, the state press is most open to substantive messages issued by lower-tier candidates. It appears from our results that the media, more than the campaign, bear the responsibility for the emphasis on the horse race.     

The Process of Government and The Governmental Process

This review finds little utility in Bentley's famous The Process of Government . It is asserted that his book is cited as a primary source of interest group writing, but in fact, the review argues, that this prominence is given mainly by those who want to criticise the interest group orientation. Critics commonly misinterpret the group approach as meaning that policy is the outcome of an interest group struggle: such critics seem to find in Bentley that banal and easily discredited position. The review argues that in fact Bentley's stress on group conflict was anything but coincident with interest group conflict. The charge is unfair on Bentley as it grotesquely simplifies his position and is unfair on the general interest group approach because that perspective is not adequately summarised by a distortion of Bentley. In contrast Truman's The Governmental Process is commended as raising issues that are strikingly contemporary.     

君子人格与人的现代化

当今中国正走在社会现代化的道路上,而社会现代化的关键在于人的现代化。人的现代化的核心是人的素质的现代化,这也是形成现代人格的前提条件。孔子提出的"君子人格"是先秦儒家的理想人格,是具有中国特色的符合中国民族性格和文化传承的基本人格,同时也符合现代价值观,对于现代人格的形成有不可或缺的作用。     

网络环境与图书馆个性化信息服务

本文分析图书馆个性化信息服务的内涵,指出图书馆个性化服务满足了读者个性化和多样化的信息需求,尊重和满足读者的选择和需求.本文讨论了网络环境下图书馆个性化信息服务系统的开发,并提出了需要注意的问题.     

The OMB Budget Examiner and The Congressional Budget Process

This is the second of a two-part retrospective on the evolving role of the OMB budget examiner. The examiner has become more active in negotiations with the legislative branch and tracking the legislative status of various fiscal measures. A new central budget management system was created to monitor appropriation bills. The OMB budget examiner has also been increasingly used to provide information for advocacy purposes before Congress and the public. The institutional effect on OMB of these changing roles is examined and suggestions for organizational reform are made.     

"失衡"与"重构"——现阶段我国社会阶层结构存在的问题及其治理路径

虽然我国的社会阶层结构已由刚性结构向弹性结构转变,但仍存在着许多问题:社会阶层结构的设计仍然没有摆脱传统的制度化倾向;社会转型期的制度"真空(漏洞)"释放了机会主义的生存空间;社会结构的非均衡性导致社会整合的脆弱性;"二元体制"的存在抑制了社会阶层结构的开放性。因此,确立有效的社会分层标准、方法与价值准则,形成具有弹性的、自致性的、竞争性的、均衡性的"橄榄型"的社会分层机制就成为当下解决结构失衡、重塑社会凝聚力的一个必然选择。     

挑战与回应——全球化背景下公共行政变革的生态学解析

本以全球化为背景，以行政生态学为分析框架，集中探讨了全球化趋势对政府公共行政的挑战和需求，梳理和总结了当代西方国家政府面对全球化的挑战而作出的回应性行政改革，同时指出对中国政府行政改革的借鉴。     

索隐派与《儒家实义》的“以耶合儒”路线

马若瑟《儒教实义》是一本以儒家经典作为研究对象的书,内容涉及天学、鬼神、灵魂、伦理、丧葬、祭祀等诸多方面。本文通过对"索隐派"背景知识及马若瑟在中国传教事业的大体介绍、对《儒教实义》基本内容的概括,研究作者是以何方式杂糅儒耶、传达天主教天主上帝之理的,从而能够帮助读者更深入地了解那个时代入华传教士的传教策略及其对中国儒家思想的诠释路线。     

本村人、本地人与外来人——经济发达村庄的封闭与开放

本通过对四个经济发达村庄村民与外来人口之间关系的研究解释村庄的封闭与开放。在这项研究中我们发现,农村改革以后,随着农村工业化和城市化的发展,村庄并不是越来越走向开放,相反,经济发达的村庄越来越形成一个经济共同体,其封闭性在提高;与此同时,本村村民保持了与周围村民的交往和联系,是开放的。来自边远地区的外来人被排斥在村庄的公共生活之外,形成了自己的群体,与村民很少交往。造成这种现象的原因是农村工业化和城市化与市场发育的不同步,地方政府在农村工业化和城市化过程中起到了主要的作用。这项研究说明,用“差序格局”和“村落共同体”的理论都无法正确地概括现在中国村庄的特征。     

高校体育课教学方法改革与发展的研究

本文通过对传统教学方法的分析,找出其存在的问题和弊端.并根据素质教育应培养具有创新能力的人才的需要,提出新的教学方法,以其对高校体育教学改革提供参考.     

The Virtuous Polity, The Accountable Polity: Liberty and Responsibility in The Federalist

The Federalist claims to present a republican response to thetypical political problems faced by republics. That solutionrequired a departure from all models of republics known at thattime, and in particular a break with Anti-Federalist modelsthat posited heavy reliance on responsibility, understood aseither political accountability or as moral and political virtue.The Federalist challenges the Anti-Federalist notion that a"no-gap polity" is the means to safe and effective republicanism.It also challenges those who believe that virtue of people orrulers is the precondition of a republican polity. Publius doesrequire quasi-virlues of certain sorts—and thus does notrely entirely on calculating selfinterest—but these aresignificantly different from the virtues posited by earlierrepublican theorists or certain contemporary interpreters ofThe Federalist.     

论美国大学联合会的发展与启示

高校联盟是高等教育实践的重要手段。通过美国大学联合会,介绍分析了联合会成功的原因,并结合成功经验对发展我国大学联盟提出对策建议:联盟成员的选择是联盟成功的核心要素;建立健全联盟运行机制是联盟成功的关键;协调与政府的关系是联盟成功的保障;保持一流是联盟的前景。     

执政体制:概念、结构和特征

构建科学的执政体制,是党的执政能力建设的重要内容,是实现科学执政的基础条件。党的执政体制就是党在执政过程中政党、国家和社会政治团体之间政治权力的配置、设置及其形成的规章制度和行为规范的总和。党的执政体制结构指党与其他政治主体之间所形成的政治关系体系,包括党与国家政权的关系、党与民主党派的关系、党与人民群众的关系等。党的执政体制具有阶级性、整体性、动态性的特征。     

我国刑事回避制度存在的问题及其完善

刑事回避制度有助于防止司法机关办案人员先入为主、主观臆断,确保当事人在刑事诉讼中受到公正的对待,体现刑事诉讼的公平民主性。我国刑事诉讼法已对刑事回避制度做出了较为全面的规定,但还存在一些问题,分析了我国刑事回避制度存在的问题并提出若干可行性建议。