完善重点群体就业支持体系研究

当前,我国已形成由政策体系、服务体系和平台体系构成的重点群体就业支持体系,但重点群体实现更高质量更充分就业依然面临一些困难和问题,包括农民工就业信息获取难、大学生就业供需匹配难、退役军人就业人岗匹配难以及困难群体就业内生动力弱等。究其原因,主要是就业信息传输机制不完善,就业供需匹配机制不完善,就业能力提升渠道有限及就业榜样带动效应不强等。研究建议:进一步完善就业支持体系,构建就业信息传输机制,建立就业供需匹配机制,拓宽就业能力提升渠道,完善典型事例示范体系,以就业支持体系的优化升级来提升就业质量,实现更充分更高质量的就业。     

就业困难群体再就业意愿影响因素研究 —— 基于政府就业援助视角

"福利依赖"现象极大地浪费了人力资源的再次利用,政府就业援助不仅解决了就业困难群体的生活保障问题,也为缓解"人口红利"的消退带来了积极影响。通过对北京市502位就业困难者进行了问卷调查,并通过列联表和二元Logistic模型分析了影响就业困难群体选择政府就业援助的因素。研究发现性别、受教育程度、家庭规模、家中就业数、家中是否有照顾的老人、加入公益性就业组织前的职业或身份、家庭平均月收入及加入公益性就业组织前的收入来源对就业困难群体是否选择政府就业援助的影响是显著的,年龄、婚姻状况对就业困难群体的再就业意愿影响不显著。     

关于农民工就业歧视的法律思考

随着我国社会结构的变迁而产生了农民工这个特殊的群体.由于制度性及一些非制度性因素,国家对农民工的保护机制不健全,引致他们在就业、工资待遇及社会保障等方面缺乏法律保护并成为备受歧视的弱势群体.本文基于对甘肃省天水、陇南两市农民工就业状况的调查数据,从国家制度、法律及农民工自身原因等方面分析了产生农民工就业歧视的原因,并在从法律视角提出消除农民工就业歧视的建议.     

新就业形态的就业留存 ——基于外卖骑手的定性比较分析

尽管新就业形态存在就业不稳定、劳动力流动率高的特点，但仍然有大量从业者长期留存于各 类新就业形态中，其原因值得探究。研究以外卖骑手为研究对象，采用定性比较分析方法对外卖骑手的就业留 存原因及路径进行探究。研究发现，影响外卖骑手就业留存的因素包括个人情况、工作现状、压力来源、薪酬 满意度、平台满意度等。在此基础上，研究归纳了就业留存意愿最高的 4 类群体，包括家庭生活压力较大的专 职群体、有丰富经验的兼职群体、家庭生活压力小且缺乏经验的青年从业群体，以及在其他劳动力市场竞争力 不足而被迫选择成为骑手的群体，并对每类群体的特征进行了详细描述。研究认为，劳动者选择新就业形态受 一系列因素的综合影响，是劳动者综合了多种因素后的理性选择。     

农村大学生在新农村建设中就业的可行性及对策探讨

随着我国高等教育和大学生就业制度改革的深入，大学生就业难、人才浪费已成各界普遍关注的社会问题。农村生源大学生作为大学生中一个庞大而特殊的群体，在就业时面临更大的压力，处于更艰难困境。本文从农村生源大学生就业难的原因、其在建设新农村中就业的必要性、可行性以及对策进行了探讨，以期达到建设社会主义新农村和缓解农村大学生就业难的“双赢”结果。     

浅析大学生基层就业

在高校毕业生就业形势日益严峻的今天,引导和鼓励大学生到基层就业,是新时期党和政府的一项重要举措。本文从大学生面向基层就业对建设小康社会、构建和谐社会的重要性出发,分析了制约大学生面向基层就业的因素及解决问题的思路,鼓励大学生到基层去建功立业。     

湖北出台就业八项新政策促创业“造”岗位

《湖北省人民政府关于做好推动创业促进就业工作的通知》公布八项新政策，从10月8日起正式实施。新政策首次惠及农村劳动者，重点通过推动创业、援助困难群体等举措促进就业。     

供给侧改革背景下的女性就业形式分析

我国经济发展过程中存在着日益突出的结构性不合理问题。本文基于2012年以来的数据,对典型的供给侧改革政策实施后女性的就业形势进行了分析,发现我国女性就业主要表现为三个特征:我国女性就业总量整体呈现较为稳定的发展态势,但在职业类型上的性别差异逐渐拉大;我国女性就业人员受教育水平明显提高,但在不同职业类型下呈现出较大差异;我国女性的就业结构向第三产业调整转变,流通部门就业比重增长最快。在改革的同时兼顾女性这一特殊群体的就业问题是非常重要的现实问题,需要出台一系列措施配合供给侧改革以避免女性就业困境的进一步加剧,可以从以下几方面采取相应措施:兼顾学校教育和职业教育等多渠道方式提升女性就业人员的人力资本水平;增加配套基础设施为女性提高劳动参与率创造有利条件;完善反歧视法律体系,实现对女性就业权的有效法律保护。     

广州籍大学生面对就业，不再寒意阵阵

受金融危机影响，2009届高校毕业生的就业前景变得扑朔迷离。国家不断出台相关意见和政策，鼓励大学生创业，也不乏在生产服务、生活服务、社会管理、公共服务等方面开发更多的就业岗位，拓展就业领域、疏通就业渠道，为大学生创造更大的就业空间。     

为就业助力

5月21日,由人力资源社会保障部、教育部、全国总工会、全国工商联联合开展的"2013年全国民营企业招聘周"活动在上海正式启动。据教育部统计数据显示,今年全国普通高校毕业生规模达到699万人。除了正在求职的高校毕业生,还有为数不少的农民工、退役军人以及下岗失业人员、残疾人和零就业家庭等就业困难人员,有网友戏称为"史上最难就业年",就业形势任重而道远。就业乃民生之本,事关千家万户。解决了一个大学生的就业,就能缓解一家人的经济困境,甚至能使一家人脱贫。截止今年,     

Mathematics anxiety among talented students

In order to test the assumption that mathematically talented students show little mathematics anxiety, students participating in an early entrance to college program for talented students were asked to complete the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale. Results indicated that these talented students were less math anxious than most unselected college students. However, they were more math anxious than a group of college students majoring in physics. Females in the study showed a tendency to be more math anxious than males (d=–.32), although this finding was not significant. No relationship between level of mathematics anxiety and grades or math anxiety and Scholastic Aptitude Test — Mathematics scores was found for the group of subjects. However, when those relationships were examined for males alone, higher verbal scores and higher grades were associated with lower levels of mathematics anxiety. These relationships were not evident for females.Received Ph.D. in educational psychology from Texas A&M University, and was Postdoctoral Fellow with the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth at Johns Hopkins University. Research interests include studying characteristics of mathematically talented students and developing appropriate programs for them.Ph.D. in educational psychology from Southern Illinois University. Research interests include measurement and evaluation.     

论高校教师在大学生社会化过程中的作用

大学时期是大学生逐渐适应社会环境,适应社会角色与道德规范,完成社会化过程的关键时期。因此高校教师应把握好大学生的心理发展特征,通过正确的引导和影响,使大学生能顺应社会和群体的方向,符合社会道德规范的要求,完成社会角色的转变,促进大学生社会化的进程。     

职业资格证书对大学毕业生就业质量的影响效应 —— 来自 CLDS（2014）的实证分析

本文使用CLDS(2014)数据,首先构建了大学毕业生就业质量指标评价体系,然后利用分位数回归方法对职业资格证书如何影响其就业质量进行实证检验。研究发现:影响大学毕业生就业质量的一级指标共有11个,其中职业资格证书和工作培训构成的工作技能排在第四位。计量回归结果显示:职业资格证书对大学毕业生就业质量的影响显著为正,且随着分位点数的提升呈现倒U型特征。分样本回归结果显示:职业资格证书对女大学毕业生就业质量的影响要显著高于男大学毕业生;在所有分位点上,职业资格证书对农村户籍的大学毕业生就业质量的影响要显著高于城镇户籍的大学毕业生,且两者之间的差距随着分位点数的提升逐渐缩小。因此,大学毕业生要有明确的职业目标和规划,高校要合理引导,理性考证,提高大学毕业生自身技能和就业质量。     

The belief systems of protesting college students

A group of 29 college students who had been arrested or nominated as having participated in a street disturbance aimed at producing social change were interviewed. The interview schedule was highly similar to one which had been used to investigate attitudes toward violence in a random, representative sample of American men. The data collected from the arrestees are compared with data from college students in the national sample. This study shows that the arrestees are more likely to think that violence is necessary to produce social change than are college students generally, and are more likely to believe that existing social institutions are inadequate. As a group, the arrestees are more identified with white student demonstrators and black protestors than are college students generally. The arrestees are also likely to regard the police as untrusworthy, looking for trouble, and apt to dislike people like themselves. In addition to the negative attitudes toward the police held by the student arrestees, they are more likely to regard police actions as violence (and hence provocative) than are other college students. The arrestees are far more likely than other college students to cleave to humanistic values. However, most of the differences between the arrestees and other American college students could be predicted from a general model of the justification of violence, so that it appears that the student activists' beliefs differ not so much in kind from those of other Americans as they do in degree.This research was funded by NSF Grants GS 2424 and GS 28295 under a project codirected by Monica D. Blumenthal, Robert L. Kahn, and Frank M. Andrews.Currently Program Director at the Institute for Social Research in the Survey Research Center, and Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Michigan Medical School. Obtained M.D. from the University of Michigan Medical School and Ph.D. in physiology from the University of California, Berkeley. Currently engaged in social psychological research, with main interests focused on violence and the epidemiology of depressive disorders. Psychiatric interests are biologically oriented and focused on adult psychiatry.     

论加强大学生心理健康教育——某高校护理专业女学生人格特征的实证分析

本专科学生在入学初,人格特征相差不大,经过两年大学生活,同专科学生相比,本科学生学习能力强,考虑问题全面,人格特征比较稳定.专科学生入学与两年后的人格特征变化较大,易受外界影响.应做好专科学生的引导教育工作,注意加强学生的创新意识、交往、合作能力的培养,培养学生做情绪的主人,加强爱心、感恩及责任感教育.     

当代大学生交往活动的特点

当代大学生正处在“准成人”时期 ,他们人际交往活动的特点在于 :( 1 )交往需求迫切 ;( 2 )交往范围以同学历、同龄人为主 ;( 3 )同异性交往的愿望强烈 ;( 4)注重选择交往对象 ;( 5 )交往中以自我为中心者多 ;( 6)部分学生有“知音难觅”的感觉。而要有良好的人际关系 ,大学生要学会信义为先、求同存异并且以诚实为本。     

An Examination of Prepartying and Drinking Game Playing During High School and Their Impact on Alcohol-Related Risk Upon Entrance into College

Prepartying and drinking game playing are associated with excessive alcohol consumption and alcohol-related negative consequences in college populations; however, research exploring the prevalence of these high risk drinking contexts among high school students, and how such engagement may impact both high school and subsequent college drinking risk, is lacking. The current study, which is the first study to assess prepartying during high school, examined how engaging in either prepartying or drinking game playing during high school was associated with risky high school drinking as well as alcohol use and consequences during the transitional first month of college. The study involved 477 first-year college students, the majority of whom were 18 years old (94%), female (66%), and Caucasian (59%). Prepartying was found to be highly prevalent in high school (45%). Further, students who prepartied or played drinking games during high school drank significantly more in high school than students who did not engage in these high risk activities. Finally, prepartying and game playing during high school were associated with greater collegiate alcohol consumption (controlling for high school drinking) and consequences (controlling for both high school and college drinking). This study establishes prepartying and drinking games as common high risk activities among both high school and incoming first-year college students, and addresses implications for prevention and targeted interventions.     

当代大学生社会主义核心价值观教育调查研究——基于福建三所高校的调研

在文化多元化和价值观多样化的今天,如何旗帜鲜明地倡导当代大学生树立社会主义核心价值观尤显其重要性和迫切性。根据当前大学生对社会主义核心价值观的接受情况,要将社会主义核心价值观科学内涵内化为大学生稳定的思想、信念,外化为大学生的行为与习惯,发挥好大学生的自身主动性,提高思想教育的感染力和实效性,力争使社会主义核心价值观教育在大学生层面的接受度上收到实效。     

College and noncollege youth politics in 1972: An application of Mannheim's generation unit model

This article examines youth politics employing Mannheim's theory of generation units. Specifically, a multivariate model was constructed to test and compare sets of social location and consciousness factors explaining political behavior among two random samples of college and noncollege youth. Just prior to the 1972 presidential election, 373 Syracuse University students and 134 local Syracuse residents between the ages of 18 and 25 were surveyed to determine their presidential candidate support and urge to participate in a demonstration. Path analysis was used to examine the direct, indirect, and total effects of the variables in the model. Results indicated that (1) the relationships predicting youth politics differed within and between the two youth groups; (2) 55% of the variance in presidential candidate support and 33% of the variance in urge to demonstrate were explained by the variables in the college student model, and the comparable figures for the noncollege group were 39% and 38%, respectively; (3) family status and personal political attitudes differentiated candidate support and urge to demonstrate among college students, while demographic characteristics, family status, and institutional confidence explained considerable variance in politics among the noncollege youth. The form of Mannheim's generation unit model provided a useful tool for comparing youth groups within the same generation; the contents await replication and verification.Received Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University, 1969. Major research interests include political socialization, youth movements, and the sociology of generations.     

文科高职学生应“市”素质初探

当前,大学生就业难已成为大家共同关注的社会问题.虽然高职院校学生因其岗位技能突出就业率有所提高,但这其中专业理论知识不深厚、专业岗位技能不鲜明的文科高职学生在面对市场的选择时却处于一种尴尬的境地.文科高职院校应积极调整教育理念,力求从显性素养和隐性素养这两个维度,寻找文科高职学生应市素质的构成要素,从而为文科高职院校人...