气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定8种合成大麻素

目的采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC/MS)法检测8种合成大麻素,并对方法进行评价。方法甲醇提取及超声处理样本后,采用GC/MS法检测JWH-203、JWH-250、RCS-4、JWH-018、JWH-019、JWH-122、AM-2201和JWH-210等8种合成大麻素,并对色谱柱、初始温度、升温速率等条件进行了优化。结果使用中等极性的DB-17MS色谱柱(30m×0.32mm×0.25μm),采用起始温度200℃,以20℃/min速率升温至280℃,以10℃/min速率升温至300℃的条件进行检测。8种合成大麻素能够很好的分离,检测限达到20μg/m L;应用该方法对未知样品进行了检测,并对各类合成大麻可能的质谱碎裂途径进行分析。结论本文方法具有分析简便、快速、灵敏的特点,可以用于实际案件的检测。     

全血中4种新型合成大麻素的快速检测

目的建立准确、快速的方法鉴定血液中4种新型合成大麻素(JWH-203、JWH-122、5F-APINACA和AB-CHMINACA)。方法全血样品经乙腈-甲醇提取后,经气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)进行筛选,采用液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)进行确认,采用多反应监测模式进行定量分析。结果 GC-MS法于21 min完成分析,LCMS/MS法于5 min完成分析,AB-CHMINACA、JWH-203、5F-APINACA和JWH-122均采用准分子离子峰作为母离子,定量离子对分别为m/z 357.4→312.2、m/z 340.2→125.0、m/z 384.1→135.1、m/z 356.4→169.2。血液中4种合成大麻素在1～250 ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性良好(r0.99),检出限为0.1～0.5 ng/mL,提取回收率为85.4%～95.2%,精密度小于10.0%,基质效应为80.3%～92.8%。结论本研究得到了4种合成大麻素的GC-MS和LC-MS/MS色谱行为和质谱解析信息,初步讨论了色谱行为差异的可能原因,对判断合成大麻素的发展趋势有提示作用。本方法适用于血液中4种合成大麻素的快速检测,在目前新型合成大麻素滥用激增的情况下,可为此类物质的鉴定提供参考。     

气相色谱/质谱检验合成大麻素K3中AKB48

目的建立较为快速准确的合成大麻素K3中AKB48的气相色谱/质谱检验方法。方法对进样口温度、初始柱温、柱流速及质谱采样率等4项色谱及质谱实验参数进行考察优化。结果 GC/MS检验合成大麻素K3中AKB48的优化条件为:进样口温度280℃,柱初始温度80℃,柱流速为2.0ml/min,质谱采样率为2。结论该方法具有快速、准确、灵敏等优点,可用于K3中AKB48的定性检验鉴定。     

超高效液相色谱检测黄樟素方法研究

本文建立了检测黄樟素的超高效液相色谱定量分析方法。将黄樟素样本以甲醇稀释,1500 r/min振荡10 min或超声3 min,以0.22μm滤膜过滤后供仪器分析,对流动相梯度程序进行了考察和优化。采用岛津ODS-SP型(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,以高纯水(A)-乙腈(B)体系作为流动相,梯度程序为60%B(0.01min)~66.5%B(13 min)~95%B(13.01 min)~95%B(20 min),流速1 mL/min,柱温40℃,进样量5μL,主定量波长210 nm,辅定量波长235 nm。实验结果表明,随着有机相初始浓度的升高,黄樟素色谱峰的理论塔板数减小、峰高增加、保留时间缩短;随着梯度陡度的增加,黄樟素色谱峰的理论塔板数和峰高均增加、保留时间缩短。经过方法优化,所测黄樟素样品色谱行为良好,在2~200μg/mL范围内线性良好,外标工作曲线为Y=1833.39X+5675.32,相关系数高于0.9999。以信噪比S/N>3计算,检测限为0.1μg/mL。日内精密度≤1.26%,日间精密度≤2.08%。加标回收率在98.21%~102.18%之间,RSD为0.35%~0.96%。在室温放置96h、-20℃放置15 d以及在室温和-20℃反复冻融3次的条件下均可保持稳定。该方法快速、简便、高效、可靠。     

UFLC法测定新型“spike99”香料中JWH-073的含量

目的 超快速液相色谱法测定新型“spike99”香料中JWH-073的含量.方法 采用Shim-pack XR-ODSⅡ色谱柱(2.0mm×75mm,2.2μm);流动相:乙腈(含0.1％甲酸):水(含0.1％甲酸)(80∶20,v/v),流速:0.25 mL/min;检测波长280nm,柱温:35℃,进样量:2μL,外标法定量测定JWH-073的含量.考查方法的线性范围、灵敏度、精密度、回收率和稳定性,并用于检测实际案例样品.结果 JWH-073浓度在1～50μg/mL范围内线性良好(A=9 398.7C-635.75,r =0.999 9);最低检测限为100ng/mL(S/N=3);低、中、高3种浓度的加样回收率(n=3)分别为100.52％(RSD=0.36％),99.52％(RSD =0.43％),99.03％(RSD =0.17％).结论 本法测定新型“spike99”香料中JWH-073含量操作简便、灵敏、准确,重复性好,适于在相关案件检验中选用.     

毛发中7种常见合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的分析及应用

目的建立毛发中常见合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultra-highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。方法将20 mg毛发加入1m L内标甲醇溶液,经冷冻研磨、超声提取后,提取物经ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3柱(100mm×2.1mm,1.8μm)分离,流动相A为含20 mmol/L乙酸铵、0.1%甲酸、5%乙腈的水溶液,流动相B为乙腈,采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式,在多反应监测模式下采集数据。结果毛发中7种合成大麻素类物质在各自线性范围内线性关系良好(r0.99),检出限为0.5～2 pg/mg,定量限为1～5 pg/mg,日内、日间精密度为0.1%～12.6%,日内、日间准确度为89.2%～110.7%,提取回收率为52.3%～93.3%,基质效应为19.1%～95.2%。结论建立的测定方法样品制备简便、灵敏度高,适用于法医学鉴定实践毛发中常见合成大麻素类新精神活性物质的定性定量分析。     

液相色谱-质谱联用法测定生物样品中阿立哌唑与氯氮平

目的建立一种灵敏、简单测定生物样品中阿立哌唑与氯氮平的液相色谱-质谱联用法。方法样品处理采用液-液乙酸乙酯萃取方法。色谱柱为Zorbax SB-C18(2.1 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈与0.1%甲酸,梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 ml/min,柱温30℃。采用ESI离子源,MRM离子方式监测。结果阿立哌唑与氯氮平在50~2 000ng/m L浓度范围内线性良好(r0.993);回收率均在87%~112%范围内,日内、日间RSD均小于12%。结论本方法可简单、高效地检测血液与尿液中阿立哌唑与氯氮平浓度。     

液相色谱-质谱联用法测定人全血中灭多威

目的建立一种简便的测定人全血中灭多威的液相色谱-质谱联用法。方法样品处理采用液-液乙酸乙酯萃取方法。色谱柱为Zorbax SB-C18(2.1mm×50mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5mL/min,柱温40℃。采用ESI离子源,MRM离子方式监测。结果灭多威在0.05~2.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好(r0.995)。灭多威的方法回收率均在90%~108%的范围内,日内、日间RSD均小于15%。结论本方法可简单、高效地检测全血中灭多威浓度。     

DART-MS/MS快速检测人血中的3种合成大麻素

目的使用实时直接分析-串联质谱,建立快速检测人血中的JWH-018、JWH-250和AM-2201的方法。方法用乙腈-甲醇(4:1)沉淀蛋白的方法对血样进行简单前处理,采用DART 12Dip-it自动进样系统,以正离子、MRM模式进行分析。结果血液中JWH-018、JWH-250、AM-2201可以得到有效检测,在0.02-5.00μg/m L线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,检出限分别为0.016μg/m L,0.003μg/m L和0.017μg/m L,日内、日间RSD均小于15%。结论本文所建方法灵敏度高,准确性较好,方法省时省力,可用于实际案例血液中合成大麻素JWH-018、JWH-250、AM-2201的分析。     

头发中合成大麻素5F-MDMB-PICA检测

目的一种新型合成大麻素成分5F-MDMB-PICA被非法添加至电子烟油中,其滥用对吸食者自身健康和公共安全产生了极大的危害,因此亟待建立一种5F-MDMB-PICA的检测方法并进行评价。方法采用UPLC-MS/MS方法定性和定量检测电子烟成瘾者头发中的合成大麻素成分5F-MDMB-PICA,称取约20mg头发,加1mL含内标THC-D3(0.4ng/mL)甲醇,经研磨、超声、离心、过滤后,采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3柱(100mm×2.1mm,1.8μm)分离,流动相A为20mmol/L乙酸铵、乙腈和水,流动相B为乙腈。结果头发中5F-MDMB-PICA在1～200pg/mg的浓度范围内线性良好(r0.99),检测限为0.5pg/mg,定量下限为1pg/mg,日内、日间精密度均小于6.6%,日内、日间准确度为96.8%～105.0%,提取回收率为72.5%～93.3%。结论本文方法灵敏度高、样品制备简便,已成功应用于实际案例的电子烟成瘾者头发中合成大麻素成分5F-MDMB-PICA的定性和定量检测。     

Synthetic cannabinoids in "spice-like" herbal blends: First appearance of JWH-307 and recurrence of JWH-018 on the German market

Herbal smoking blends, available on the German market were analyzed and several known synthetic cannabinoids were identified (JWH-122 and JWH-018). In addition, we isolated a new active ingredient by silica gel column chromatography and elucidated the structure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. The compound was identified as JWH-307, a synthetic cannabinoid of the phenyl-pyrrole subclass with known in vitro binding affinities for cannabinoid receptors. To date, this is the first appearance of this subclass of cannabimimetics in such products. JWH-307 has been further characterized by gas chromatography accurate mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS), electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. JWH-018 was among the first compounds banned by many countries world-wide including Germany. The identification of JWH-018 was striking, since this is the first report where JWH-018 recurred on the German market thus violating existing laws. A generic method was established to quantify synthetic cannabinoids in herbal smoking blends. Quantification was achieved using an isotopically labeled standard (JWH-018-D(3)). JWH-018 was found at a level of 150mg/g while JWH-122 and JWH-307 occurred as a mixture at a total level of 232mg/g.     

Detection and disposition of JWH-018 and JWH-073 in mice after exposure to "Magic Gold" smoke

The disposition in mice of the cannabimimetics JWH-018 and JWH-073 in blood and brain following inhalation of the smoke from the herbal incense product (HIP) "Magic Gold" containing 3.6% JWH-018, 5.7% JWH-073 and less than 0.1% JWH-398 (w/w) is presented. Specimens were analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS. The validation of the method is also presented. Five C57BL6 mice were sacrificed 20 min after exposure to the smoke of 200 mg of "Magic Gold" and a second set of five exposed mice were sacrificed after 20 h. Twenty minutes after exposure to "Magic Gold" smoke, blood concentrations of JWH-018 ranged from 42 to 160 ng/mL (mean: 88 ng/mL ± 42) and those of JWH-073 ranged from 67 to 244 ng/mL (mean: 134 ng/mL ± 62). Brain concentrations 20 min after exposure to "Magic Gold" smoke for JWH-018 ranged from 225 to 453 ng/g (mean: 317 ng/g ± 81) and those of JWH-073 ranged from 412 to 873 ng/g (mean: 584 ng/g ± 163). Twenty hours after exposure to "Magic Gold" smoke, JWH-018 was detected and quantified in only two of the five blood samples. Blood concentrations of JWH-018 were 3.4 ng/mL and 9.4 ng/mL. JWH-073 was detected in only one blood specimen 20 h after exposure at 4.3 ng/mL. Brain concentrations 20 h post exposure for JWH-018 ranged from 7 to 32 ng/g (mean: 19 ng/g ± 9). JWH-073 was not detected in 20 h post exposure brain specimens. JWH-398 was not detected in any of the blood or brain samples. The disposition data presented with the limited data available from human experience provide reasonable expectations for forensic toxicologists in JWH-018 or JWH-073 cases. As with THC after smoking marijuana, blood and brain concentrations of JWH-018 and JWH-073 after HIP smoking can be expected to rise initially to readily detected values, and then drop dramatically over the next few hours to several ng/mL or ng/g, and finally to be at extremely low or undetectable concentrations by 24h apparently due to extensive biotransformation, and redistribution to body fat.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法筛查鉴定203种毒品

目的建立203种毒品的液相色谱-串联质谱筛查鉴定方法。方法选用Accucore TM Phenyl/Hexyl苯基己基柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm)为色谱柱,柱温50℃,以甲醇乙腈混合溶剂(体积比1:1,含0.1%甲酸和2 mmol/L甲酸铵)、水(含0.1%甲酸和2 mmol/L甲酸铵)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min。质谱采用电喷雾正离子模式(ESI+)进行离子化,使用多反应监测(MRM)模式采集数据,总分析时间14 min。结果该方法实现了203种毒品的筛查鉴定分析,各目标物的方法检出限均为10 ng/mL。结论建立的筛查鉴定方法具有快速、准确、灵敏等优点,能够满足禁毒工作的日常需要。     

Quantitation of Synthetic Cannabinoids in Plant Materials Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection (Validated Method)

Plant based products laced with synthetic cannabinoids have become popular substances of abuse over the last decade. Quantitative analysis for synthetic cannabinoid content in the laced materials is necessary for health hazard assessments addressing overall exposure and toxicity when the products are smoked. A validated, broadly applicable HPLC‐UV method for the determination of synthetic cannabinoids in plant materials is presented, using acetonitrile extraction and separation on a commercial phenylhexyl stationary phase. UV detection provides excellent sensitivity with limits of quantitation (LOQs) less than 10 μg/g for many cannabinoids. The method was validated for several structural classes (dibenzopyrans, cyclohexylphenols, naphthoylindoles, benzoylindoles, phenylacetylindoles, tetramethylcyclopropylindoles) based on spike recovery experiments in multiple plant materials over a wide cannabinoid contents range (0.1–81 mg/g). Average recovery across 32 cannabinoids was 94% for marshmallow leaf, 95% for damiana leaf, and 92% for mullein leaf. The method was applied to a series of case‐related products with determined amounts ranging from 0.2 to >100 mg/g.     

UPLC-MS/MS检测人血中18种有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药

目的建立人血中18种有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药超高压液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)的检测方法。方法血液中加入乙腈沉淀蛋白,采用Waters BEH C18(1.7μm 2.1×50mm)柱子,流动相为5mmol/L乙酸铵水-甲醇,流速:0.3m L/min;进样量:2μL,电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子检测,采用多反应监测方式进行定量分析。结果药物最小检测限(LOD)在0.1~40ng/m L之间,定量限(LOQ)在0.5~50ng/m L之间,各药物浓度在定量限到500ng/m L范围内线性良好,回收率均在64.3%~111.9%之间,相对标准偏差为3.9%~10.3%。结论该方法专属性强、灵敏、准确,可以适用于法庭与临床毒物分析。     

生物检材中芬太尼和舒芬太尼的HPLC-MS/MS分析

目的建立血、肝组织中芬太尼和舒芬太尼的HPLC-MS/MS分析方法。方法采用Oasis（MCX固相萃取柱进行提取,以XTerraTMRP18柱（2.1mm×100mm,3.5μm）色谱柱分离,以乙腈∶5mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液（氨水调pH=9.5）（65∶35）为流动相,流速为0.2mL/min。结果血及肝组织添加样品的线性范围为10ng/mL～500ng/mL,最小检出限为0.1ng/mL。结论本方法准确、快速,可用于生物检材血、肝组织中芬太尼和舒芬太尼的定性定量分析。     

LC-MS/MS法快速测定全血中25种精神药物的研究

目的建立人全血中25种精神药物快速测定的LC-MS/MS方法,并应用于分析杭州地区药物影响下驾驶(driving under the inference of drugs,DUID)情况。方法以乙腈沉淀蛋白,离心后取上清液,氮气流下吹干,残渣以初始流动相复溶,离心后取上清分析;采用C18色谱柱(50mm×3.0mm,2.6μm)分离,流动相:0.1%甲酸水(A相),乙腈:甲醇=1:1(B相),梯度洗脱;质谱检测,采用串联质谱电喷雾离子源,正电离扫描,多反应监测(MRM)。结果 25种精神药物在0.05~20ng/m L范围内线性良好,R=0.994 4~0.999 6;定量下限为0.05ng/m L;提取回收率为83.0%~99.7%;方法回收率为80.2%~97.4%;日内精密度(RSD)为1.6%~14%;日间精密度(RSD)为3.1%~14%。以该法测定杭州市公安司法鉴定中心留存的全血样品3140例,25种精神药物至少一种的检出率为3.7%。结论本方法灵敏、快捷、准确,适用于全血中25种精神药物快速检测。