护理费的赔偿原则

在民法通则中有护理费的赔偿问题,对于护理费的赔偿如何确定,是否需要护理、护理依赖程度、护理费用如何计算等没有明确的条文,尤其是人身损害赔偿案件,在护理费的赔偿问题上常常只赔偿住院期间的护理费用,而忽略了出院后因生活不能自理而需继续护理而应赔偿的护理费.现从法律法规等的规定,结合我省的执行情况及我省新标准的研制过程中涉及的有关问题,谈一谈我们的看法.     

护理费的赔偿原则

在民法通则中有护理费的赔偿问题，对于护理费的赔偿如何确定，是否需要护理、护理依赖程度、护理费用如何计算等没有明确的条文，尤其是人身损害赔偿案件，在护理费的赔偿问题上常常只赔偿住院期间的护理费用，而忽略了出院后因生活不能自理而需继续护理而应赔偿的护理费。现从法律法规等的规定，结合我省的执行情况及我省新标准的研制过程中涉及的有关问题，谈一谈我们的看法。一、需要护理的残疾划分等级是否需要护理即是否存在护理依赖的基础是器官严重缺损（失）或畸形，有重度功能障碍或并发症，这决定了残疾者能否自我移动、自理日常…     

伪装精神障碍的法医鉴定1例

曹某,男,37岁.因交通事故致右额骨骨折,住院治疗107天.住院病程记录和出院记录都载明:"该患者头脑清醒,可正确回答问题,思维敏捷,对受伤以前的事能基本回忆清楚,行走无受限,无需专人护理,语言及四肢活动正常."而原法医鉴定结论认为:曹某生活严重不能自理,可评定为伤残四级.肇事者不服,要求我们重新鉴定.     

一例高龄超长心肺复苏成功的护理配合

心脏骤停是临床的急危重症,目前心肺复苏的成功率较低,特别是高龄患者在慢性疾病基础上出现的心脏骤停,抢救难度更大.能否尽早施行有效的心肺复苏是抢救患者生命的关键.复苏后的护理是提高患者生命质量的保障.现将我院心内科成功抢救1例高龄超长心肺复苏患者护理配合体会介绍如下.     

对一起肾振波碎石赔偿案的法律思考

患者彭××因双肾多发性结石病,被××医学院附一医院接收住院治疗,经全面体检未发现禁忌症,确定应用××交通大学研制并安装的肾结石体外粉碎治疗装置对患者进行体外振波碎石治疗术,在施行体外振波碎石治疗术过程中,医生按规定操作,在振波湿打一千七百余分时,患者突然心跳骤停,停止呼吸,经医院全力抢救,患者2分钟后心跳起搏,14分钟后呼吸复苏,在特级护理和专门治疗7个月后,患者出院,但一直神志不清,生活不能自理,已成残废。事发后,医患双方均未申请卫生行政管理部门处理,也无医疗事故鉴定委员     

《人体损伤后劳动能力评定及其生活补助费赔偿标准》说明

1.智能减退分级 (1)极重度智能减退 a.IQ<20:b.语言功能缺失;c.生活完全不能自理。 (2)重度智能减退 a.IQ20～34:b.言语功能严重受损,不能进行有效的语言交流;c.生活不能自理。 (3)中度智能减退 a.IQ35～49;b.能掌握日常生活用语,但     

自理级老人病亡，养护中心为何赔钱

<正>当自理级老年人在养护中心身亡时，养护中心能否免责？日前，辽宁省沈阳市中级人民法院（以下简称“沈阳中院”）的一纸判决给出了否定的答案。自理级老人被送养护中心养护中心的职责是提供养老服务，代替老年人家属履行养老职责。一般养护中心收留老年人时，会根据老年人的健康状况将护理等级分为自理级、介助级、介护级和特护级四种，     

非法行医阿米卡星致死1例及法律责任分析

阿米卡星 (Ａｍｉｋａｃｉｎ,又称丁胺卡那霉素 )为卡那霉素的半合成衍生物 ,属氨基糖甙类抗生素 ,临床应用极为广泛 ,但有发生过敏性反应乃至死亡的报道[1～ 3] 。现将本室遇到的非法行医应用阿米卡星发生过敏性休克患者死在家中一例报道如下。案例　周某 ,女 ,76岁。 1 992年乳腺癌手术 ,愈后良好。平时生活自理。 1 999年 6月 1 2日下午 ,病人觉周身不适 ,低烧 ,体温未测。 6月 1 3日 1 7时许通过他人找来某医院医生刘某 ,并带有药品等。刘未写病志 ,简单询问病情。查体 :咽赤 ,颌下淋巴结肿大 ,双肺有干鸣 ,心率 98次 /分 ,脉搏 98次 /…     

中药结肠透析治疗慢性肾衰竭的护理

目的 探讨中药结肠透析治疗慢性肾衰竭的临床效果与护理措施.方法 对45例慢性肾衰竭患者进行中药结肠透析,现察效果与护理.结果 45例慢性肾衰竭患者行中药结肠透析后肾功能各项指标较前明显下降,临床症状、体征基本消失.结论 中药结肠透析可作为治疗慢性肾衰竭的一种方法.     

石骨症外伤后多发性骨折鉴定1例

石骨症是一种罕见的泛发性骨硬化症 ,名称颇多 ,如大理石骨、粉笔样骨等。笔者在检案中遇到一例石骨症患者外伤后多发骨折的损伤程度鉴定 ,现报告如下。1　案　例某男 ,48岁 ,因右股骨头坏死于 1996年行股骨大转子髋关节融合术 ,术后日常生活能自理。 2 0 0 2年 3月被他人拳击胸部后倒地。医院查体 :左胸第 6、 7、 8肋锁中线内侧触痛 ,有骨擦感 ,右胸部肿胀 ,右腋前线、腋中线第五、第十肋处触痛 ,有骨擦感及骨擦音 ,右侧呼吸运动及触觉语颤均减弱 ,肝脏、脾脏及淋巴结无肿大。X线检查 :胸部骨骼及骨盆骨质致密 ,右 5、 7、 10肋及左 6、 …     

High cervical stress and apnoea

The aim of this study was to investigate vegetative reactions in infants after mechanical irritation of the suboccipital region. The investigation is based on 199 infants who were observed while being treated with a suboccipital impulse (manual therapy). The results revealed vegetative reactions in more than half of all cases (52.8%, n=105). The frequency of such vegetative reactions observed was at follows: flush 48.7% (n=97), apnoea 22.1% (n=44), hyperextension 13% (n=26), and sweating 7.5% (n=15). It is pointed out that ≈25% of all the infants examined reacted by apnoea due to a mechanical irritation of the suboccipital region. This symptom was part of an extensive vegetative reaction. This method of inducing an apnoea has not yet been described; from this it follows that there are close relations to sudden infant death.     

Injuries to pathologically changed cervical vertebrae

Three cases of fatal injuries to the upper cervical spinal cord and underlying cervical spine pathology are presented. It is stressed that the slightest suspicion concerning injuries to the upper part of the neck must lead not only to microscopic examination of the cervical spinal cord and medulla oblongata, but also to careful preparation (or maceration) of the upper cervical spine, in order not to overlook fractures or misinterpret old fractures and diseases as fresh fractures.     

Sex variation in the second cervical vertebra

The second cervical vertebra can be used to estimate sex with 83% accuracy in unidentified human skeletal remains. Reported here are the necessary statistics, based on 8 dimensions taken from 400 second cervical vertebrae, for the computation of customized discriminant functions. Discriminant function equations developed using variables selected in a stepwise procedure are also presented here as an example of the usefulness of this bone in estimating sex.     

Upper cervical trauma in motor vehicle collisions

Motor vehicle collisions can cause a variety of injuries in pedestrians and vehicle occupants. Fatal and nonfatal trauma to the upper cervical spine, that is, atlanto-occipital junction, atlas and axis, can be part of this spectrum. Certain distinctive injuries (for example, "hangman's fracture") which occur result from the unique anatomic structure of this area and the various disruptive forces such as extension, distraction (tension), compression (axial loading), shear, and inertia generated during collision. Correlation of autopsy findings or radiological information of these cervical injuries or both with scene investigation can be informative not only in the determination of morbidity and mortality, but also in the assessment of injury mechanisms and improvements in occupant protection.     

A new approach to upper cervical injuries

Severe injuries to the upper cervical region can be the cause of death. Standard autopsy techniques are inadequate for examination of this area. Therefore a technique has been developed that gives excellent visualization and allows removal of the brain and spinal cord in one piece. With the body prone a midline incision is made from the top of the head to the sacrum. The skull is sawed in a circle from one side of the foramen magnum around the top of the skull to the other side of the foramen magnum. The lamina of the neural arches of the vertebral column are sawed. With the removal of the piece of skull and the posterior portions of the neural arches, the posterior half of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and entire spinal cord are exposed. The entire brain and spinal cord can be removed as a unit. Cases are selected by history, X-ray examination, or floppy head. Four cases in which this approach has been helpful are briefly mentioned.     

根据颈椎CT片特征指标进行同一认定的研究

目的选择颈椎CT片上的特征指标,建立逐步回归方程,探讨其在法医学同一认定中的应用价值。方法收集130名被检查者颈椎CT片各1张,70名被检查者不同次颈椎CT影像片各2张。选择并测量颈椎CT片上的13项指标值,分别计算被检查者随机分组后相同测量指标的组间差值,以及同一人不同次测量指标间的差值,运用二分类logistic逐步回归分析,建立各项指标的一元回归方程和多项指标的多元回归方程,并对方程进行盲测检验。结果建立的13个一元方程中同一认定的准确率在69.0%~90.4%之间;建立的4个多元回归方程的准确率在90.4%~96.7%之间,盲测准确率为100%。结论本文在CT片上选择的13项特征指标可以用于同一认定,使用时应尽可能选用多元指标以得到更准确的结果。     

Road crash cervical injuries. A radiological study of fatalities

A lateral radiograph of the cervical spine was obtained for 174 of the 207 persons killed in road crashes in Adelaide, South Australia, during the 12-month period of June 1, 1987 to May 31, 1988. Of the total of 57 cases of cervical injury, routine postmortem examination identified 30 cases (52.6%), and the radiographic examinations identified 51 cases (89.5%). In the cases where it was performed, radiography identified 96.2% of injuries. One-half of injuries of level C3 and above were not reported at postmortem examination, compared with 22% of those occurring below this level. This finding correlates with the physical difficulties of examining the upper part of the cervical spine. This study has shown that lateral cervical radiography is a simple and effective method of more accurately identifying significant cervical spinal injuries, thus improving greatly the value of postmortem examinations in determining the patterns and mechanisms of these injuries.