女性暴力犯罪探析

近些年来女性犯罪逐年发生变化,其中暴力犯罪逐年攀升,已经开始成为一种新型的犯罪类型。女性暴力犯罪的危害性巨大,不仅危害女性自身,还危害家庭、下一代和社会,故研究女性暴力犯罪在当前显得尤为必要。     

论在法律课上实施多元渗透教学

本文针对中职生暴力犯罪的成因,探讨了如何通过渗透生命教育、心理教育、公民教育等内容,提高中专法律课在预防学生暴力犯罪中的作用的问题。     

当前城市暴力犯罪的发展趋势及打击对策

当前暴力犯罪出现了许多新特点 ,在城市又表现出了与农村不同的发展趋势 :一是城市暴力犯罪严重化 ,二是城市暴力犯罪智能化 ,三是城市暴力犯罪多样化 ,四是城市暴力犯罪流动化。对此 ,政法部门 ,特别是公安机关要有针对性地采取打击城市暴力犯罪的基本对策。主要是建立一支素质过硬的防暴特警队伍 ;利用现代化手段建立健全暴力犯罪的信息网络和报警系统 ;配备先进的武器和交通通讯工具等。     

浅论我国女性暴力犯罪原因及其刑事政策

随着社会经济的不断发展,女性在社会活动中的参与度不断加大,自身素质也在不断提高。在社会犯罪日趋严重的大背景下,女性暴力犯罪也在不断增加,并成为了影响社会稳定的一个重大问题。本文主要从犯罪学的角度来对女性的暴力犯罪原因进行剖析,并融合刑事政策的相关精要,以期为正确应对这一问题提供一些可行的意见。     

上海市暴力犯罪的发展趋势与控制对策

暴力犯罪是对社会危害最为严重的犯罪类型.20世纪90年代以来,上海市的暴力犯罪发生了明显的变化.根据对影响暴力犯罪相关因素的分析,本文作者预测上海市近期暴力犯罪案件仍将增长,远期可能形成高位平台,而暴力犯罪的类型、作案手段与方法等将呈现多样化.为此,必须有效控制贫富差距,保持社会协调、全面发展,加强社会综合治理,强化警察在打击和控制暴力犯罪中的职能作用,研究制定适应时代发展需要的刑事政策,做到标本兼治.     

女性参与杀人案件的法医学分析

在凶杀案件中,尤其是采用暴力致被害人死亡的案件中很少碰到女性直接参与杀人,但随着社会发展,女性暴力犯罪呈逐年上升趋势,女性直接参与暴力杀人的案件也日渐增多。考虑到女性本身的性别、身体等方面的原因,往往在案件分析中需要推断是否符合女性作案、是否有他人共同作案等,     

试析两代独生子女的个性心理特征及青少年暴力犯罪——兼论第二代独生子女的暴力犯罪预防

通过两代独生子女的个性心理特征及其形成背景的分析,力求从心理学以及犯罪心理学视角,探索第二代独生子女暴力犯罪的主客观原因,为今后青少年暴力犯罪的预防提出相应的对策与建议。     

拉美国家女权主义运动中崛起的女子警察站（二）

从“性别与权力”的高度处理女子警察站所涉及的各种问题是保证其服务质量的关键因素.要做到这一点,应对其工作人员进行专门培训、履行预防、惩罚暴力犯罪的专门程序、与WPS内外的其他项目进行协调合作,形成顺畅的联合服务网络,为受害女性提供完整的综合性服务.尽管WPS的运行还存在这样或那样的问题,但他却是整个反对女性暴力运动和司法界最重要和最显而易见的措施,其本身已获得了较高的社会认同.     

严重暴力犯罪走势及预防

进入80年代以来,浙江省的严重暴力犯罪日趋突出,已成为当前刑事犯罪活动中最凶恶、最危险的犯罪行为;对社会治安和人民生命财产构成极大威胁,使刑事犯罪活动发展到一个新的阶段。(一)从严重暴力犯罪的类型看,以盗枪、持枪抢劫、持枪杀人、爆炸杀人最为突出;(二)从发案地区看,爆炸、持枪抢劫以农村最多。盗枪案以发生在部队、政法系统、民兵武器库(办公室)居多;(三)从作案动机看,以报复杀人和谋财害命占绝大多数;(四)从作案成员看。主要是20岁左右的青年,其中23岁为高峰年龄;二今后几年,严重暴力犯罪数量将继续增长,程度可能会更加恶     

浅析校园暴力犯罪

本文论述了校园暴力犯罪的概念与校园暴力犯罪的现状及其特征;分析了校园暴力犯罪的发展趋势与校园暴力犯罪的成因;提出了校园暴力犯罪的预防和控制措施。     

Racial Minority Women and Criminal Justice Responses to Domestic Violence

Racialized minority women’s experiences with Canadian specialized criminal justice responses to domestic violence have seldom been documented. Informed by an intersectionality framework, this qualitative study presents the struggles of 14 racial minority women from three Canadian cities and their experiences with the police and criminal court’s response to their partner’s acts of domestic violence. The results focus on how well specialized criminal justice responses address the needs of these women and protect them from further violence. Factors that facilitate or deter these women from approaching the criminal justice system for help are highlighted. The implications of these women’s narratives for criminal justice responses to domestic violence are discussed.     

Stalking in the Context of Domestic Violence

Abstract

This article examines the effect of criminal justice intervention in domestic violence on stalking in that relationship. Almost two hundred female victims of misdemeanor domestic violence in three jurisdictions were interviewed three times after their cases had closed. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a subsample of 21 victims who had experience with stalking. Specific court outcomes in domestic violence cases and whether or not the victim cooperated with the prosecution do not impact whether or not a domestic violence victim experiences subsequent stalking. Women who experienced stalking in addition to domestic violence were more likely to use the system in the future than women who just experienced domestic violence. The qualitative interviews revealed additional findings regarding victims' opinions of the criminal justice response to stalking in the context of domestic violence.     

Constructing Women Who Experience Male Violence: Criminal Legal Discourse and Individual Experiences

This article examines the relationship between how women who experience violence from a male partner construct themselves, and how criminal legal discourse constructs female victims of violence. It is argued that in both arenas, women are constructed according to norms which emanate from a discourse of conventional femininity which operates together with a practice of shame. Utilising empirical data gained from qualitative interviews with women who experienced male violence, the article contends that the construction of the female victim of violence in criminal legal discourses as imbued with stereotypical ‘feminine’ characteristics such as passivity and weakness, may influence these women’s own construction and understanding of themselves. The existence of a practice of shame further consolidates the self-regulation of the women themselves to these norms of femininity. This construction is posited to be problematic as the experiences of women of male violence rarely ‘fit’ within these explanations. The article contends that in order to better understand women’s experiences of male violence; both criminal legal and individual women’s discourses need to be read in terms of the power, knowledge and effects which they exert upon individual women. It is argued that this alternative reading of these discourses has the potential for transformation as they are invested in the subject.

159例家庭暴力损伤的法医学鉴定分析

目的　探讨家庭暴力损伤的特点及其有关的法医学鉴定问题。方法　对 1 998年 4月～ 1 999年 1 2月间来诊的 1 59例家庭暴力损伤鉴定案件进行回顾研究。结果　家庭暴力的受害者绝大多数为妇女(占 93 1 % ) ,主要发生在配偶间 ( 85 5% ) ,其次为虐老 ( 7 5% )和虐儿 ( 5% )。家庭暴力一般发生在家中 ,以晚上为发生高峰。致伤方式以拳脚为主 ,其次为随手可得的钝器或锐器。损伤多为软组织损伤 ;有4 0 %的受害人投诉前未去医院就诊 ;损伤程度多为轻微伤 ,达轻伤标准占 1 0 %。结论　家庭暴力损伤具有隐藏性和复杂性 ,准确及时地进行法医学鉴定可为受害人主张权利提供有力的证据和帮助 ,对揭露家庭犯罪有着重要意义     

暴力犯罪的内涵与外延

本文认为我国理论上对于暴力犯罪的界定存在值得商榷之处 ,对暴力犯罪的界定 ,重要的并不在于刑法分则条文本身是否明文规定以暴力为犯罪构成要件 ,而在于行为人在实施犯罪时所采取的是否为暴力行为。并根据我国刑法的规定对“暴力犯罪”的范围以及“暴力”的内涵予以分析 ,在此基础上进一步论述了几种法律明文规定的暴力行为。     

Comparing Women and Men Arrested for Domestic Violence: A Preliminary Report

This study uses criminal justice data to compare women and men arrested for domestic violence on their levels of violence, reported victimization, general criminality, and substance abuse. Participants were 45 women and 45 men convicted of domestic violence between 1996 and 1998. Results indicate that women were less likely than men to have a history of domestic violence offenses and nonviolent crimes. They were also more likely to report that they had been injured or victimized by their partner at the time of their arrest. However, in other ways, women and men were similar: they were equally likely to have used severe violence and inflicted severe injuries on their victims; to have previously committed violence against nonintimates; and to have been using drugs or alcohol at the time of their arrest. The implications for treatment for women arrested for domestic violence are discussed.     

A Comparison of Men and Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: Who Presents the Greater Threat?

Recent increases in the number of women arrested for domestic violence raise important questions about implementation of proarrest policies, equivalency of intimate partner aggression across genders, and management of female domestic violence offenders. This study compares demographic characteristics, criminal history variables, and the past domestic violence history of men (n = 5,578) and women (n = 1,126) arrested for domestic assault against a heterosexual intimate partner. Using victim reported information and data collected by local criminal justice agencies, we found that female arrestees were significantly less likely than males to have histories that warrant concern regarding the potential for future violence. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

Domestic Violence in Hispanics in the Southeastern United States: A Survey and Needs Analysis

Violence is a significant health issue for Latinas in the United States (US), with 54.9% reporting violent victimization. However, little is known about battering among Hispanic women in the southeast. The southeastern corridor, a rural area in search of cheap labor, is a magnet for undocumented agricultural workers. The purpose of this study was to describe domestic violence in Hispanic/Latino women in the southeastern US, including type and frequency of violence experienced, barriers to obtaining treatment, and services needed by women who have been abused. Hispanic women completed questionnaires developed from information from focus groups. Results indicate that domestic violence is a major health problem for women in the southeast, and document previous findings as well as offer new insights about Hispanic women who have experienced domestic violence. Implications are discussed in terms of the need for community partnerships and interventions, as well as routine screening and crisis intervention.     

Affect Regulation and the Cycle of Violence Against Women: New Directions for Understanding the Process

The process of the intergenerational transmission of violence is not well understood. A risk and resilience model of criminal violence against women was investigated using secondary data. The sample was composed of adolescent male juvenile delinquents who had been physically abused by their parents, and who were followed up at ages 25 and 31. A series of structural equation models were fit to investigate whether dysregulated affect mediated the effects of attachment and family chaos on the adult perpetration of violence against women. These models support the hypothesis that affect dysregulation may act as a mediator. Results raise new ideas about the mechanisms by which violence may be transmitted across generations.     

Qualitative Differences Among Rural and Urban Intimate Violence Victimization Experiences and Consequences: A Pilot Study

Relatively little is known about rural women's intimate violence experiences in comparison to urban women's experiences, partly because of the difficulty in accessing rural women. This pilot study used a protective order sample of 23 women (15 urban and 8 rural), which provides an access point that is relatively similar for comparisons across rural and urban areas. The number of participants is low and, therefore, results are preliminary. However, several significant findings emerged. Rural women reported significantly less social support, less education, less income, more physical abuse in the preceding year, more childhood physical and sexual abuse, and worse overall health and mental health, as well as encountering abuse earlier in the relationship. Both groups reported higher rates of illegal drug and cigarette use than those among the general population. The findings highlight some overall important themes in examining rural and urban intimate violence victims by suggesting that rural and urban intimate violence victims have different victimization experiences and service needs. Implications for further research and intervention are discussed.