低碳社会的伦理挑战及亟需价值观变革

低碳社会是一种通过创建低碳生活,发展低碳经济,培养可持续发展、绿色环保、文明的低碳文化理念,形成具有低碳消费意识的＂橄榄形＂公平社会。它与科学发展观的精神实质相同,它的构建会遇到一系列艰难的挑战,它的构建亟需倡导价值观变革。     

建设低碳社会的价值导向与制度保障

当今社会环境问题的综合呈现是温室气体与污染物排放过度与地球、大气层自净化能力弱化的结果,治理生态环境不仅要以生态文明为目标,还要以探索低碳社会为基本方式。因此,探索低碳社会、创建低碳生存既是根治环境的根本方式,也是建设生态文明社会的基本标志。低碳社会作为一种新型社会形态,以生命为中心、以追求生境幸福为社会目标。与之相协调,需要形成人与自然合一的认知模式、和生共存的整体世界观与负责任的全球行动原则为价值导向,并完善生境化的经济、政治、法律制度予以保障。     

中国发展低碳经济的路径选择

以低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础的低碳经济是人类社会的一大进步,国外已采取多种措施发展低碳经济。发展低碳经济,是中国做负责任的大国、实现和平崛起和可持续发展的必然选择。中国应采取多种措施发展低碳经济。     

低碳经济发展中的政府责任及其实现路径

低碳经济的发展仅靠单一市场规则是无法实现的",市场失灵"的出现要求政府必须承担一定责任。发展低碳经济,首先要解决的是低碳经济市场领域的外部性问题,政府可以通过一系列制度安排来规避低碳经济领域的外部性问题。政府还需通过规制和引导等多种路径,推动消费方式改变、政策法规完善,促进低碳经济发展,努力建设资源节约型、环境友好型、气候适应型社会和低碳导向型社会。     

西部欠发达地区发展低碳经济可行性探析

低碳经济是当前世界各国寻求经济复苏、实现可持续发展的重要战略选择。发展低碳经济,一方面是积极承担环境保护责任,完成国家节能降耗指标的要求;另一方面是调整经济结构,提高能源利用效益,发展新兴工业,建设生态文明的必然选择。金融危机经过产业链的传递,将西部欠发达地区以另外一种方式纳入国际化的大循环中,使西部欠发达地区与东部经济发达地区,同时站在了经济低碳化与环境问题的新起点上。     

中国发展低碳经济面临的挑战与应对措施探析

发展低碳经济,是中国实现跨越式发展、应对全球气候变化挑战、推进技术创新和突破技术壁垒的重要路径。中国向低碳经济转型,远比发达国家任务艰巨,面临着巨大的挑战。我们要实施低碳经济发展战略,加快推进低碳社会建设。     

低碳经济时代的低碳住宅

低碳经济是以低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础的经济模式,绿色、节能型的住宅被认定为低碳住宅。简析低碳经济与低碳住宅的内涵,并对低碳经济时代如何建设低碳绿色住宅进行了详尽的论述,从而对新时代建设低碳绿色住宅具有重要的实际意义。     

低碳经济对社会经济发展的作用研究

党的十八大报告提出"建设美丽中国,实现中华民族永续发展"的目标,要重点发展低碳经济,从资源环境与社会经济发展的关系出发,引出低碳经济概念,从而认识到低碳经济对社会经济发展的作用如下:低碳经济倒逼技术进步;低碳经济模式的优越性;低碳经济的实现形式。     

“低碳”世园会对城市生态化建设的启示

发展“低碳经济”已成为世界各国的共识,倡导低碳消费也成为各国实现城市生态化的必然选择。2011年西安世园会倡导“绿色引领时尚”理念,这正是低碳视角下城市生态化的充分体现。揭示低碳经济的内涵、特点及对构建生态城市的意义,从园区规划建设入手全方位解读西安世园会。对构建生态文明。实现城市生态化有一定启示和借鉴意义。     

加快滨海新区低碳经济发展 争创环境优美的生态新城

党的十八大明确提出"要把生态文明建设放在突出地位,努力建设美丽中国,着力推进低碳发展"。作为贯彻落实科学发展观的排头兵,滨海新区在发展低碳经济、建设生态文明方面正面临着乘势而上的历史机遇,有责任以低碳经济为抓手,打造中国绿     

大连市低碳旅游发展研究

发展低碳旅游是旅游业发展的必然趋势,指出大连发展低碳旅游存在着诸多问题,例如,旅游业经营过程中对环境造成的污染;政府对低碳旅游缺少系统性的规定以及旅游者环保生态意识淡薄。并分析提出了发展大连低碳旅游,应当打造低碳旅游设施,制定完善有利于大连低碳旅游发展的制度和标准,引导旅游者使用低碳旅游消费方式。     

全球经济进入"低增长陷阱"背景下的中国财税改革研究

随着全球经济进入低增长阶段,政府宏观政策的多样化和有效性在经济周期中的调控作用不断提高.政府进行的新一轮财税制度改革既是应对全球经济低增长、国内经济换挡、中美贸易战等的重要举措,也是延续分税制改革、缓解土地财政压力和降低地方债务风险的必然结果.新一轮财税制度改革通过维持增值税"五五分享"比例以稳定和调整增值税留抵退税分担机制,后移消费税征收环节并稳步下划地方以保障地方财政收入和提高地方财政支出能力,减税降费以刺激企业创新,合理化收入分配制度以扩大内需,最终实现经济的稳定增长.新一轮财税制度改革取得预期效果,还需要完善转移支付制度、预算管理制度、债务管理制度、信息披露制度等,保障政策落到实处.     

The EU’s Emissions Trading System,Part 2: A Political Economy Critique

This is part 2 of a paper that revisits the European Union’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) in an attempt to take stock of how the system has worked and evaluate it from the standpoint of radical political economy. In part 1 of the paper the basic design, the workings and the outcomes of the scheme were discussed with critical perceptiveness. In particular, the paper revealed the unsatisfactory results of the scheme (even in its own proclaimed aims), including allowances surplus, allowance trades for pure financial profit, low and volatile prices of allowances, windfall profits, extensive use of Kyoto project-based credits, and several malfunctions and instances of fraud. These findings set the ground for part 2 of the paper, which offers a critical assessment of ETS, proclaimed by mainstream analyses as the major vehicle for the transition to a low-carbon economy. In particular, the complications and instabilities created by the increasing financialization of the carbon market are exposed. Moreover, the ineffectiveness of the ETS as a catalyst for investments in clean energy technologies, especially in times of economic crisis, is substantiated. Since the deep embeddedness of the scheme in capitalism risks climate sustainability, the analysis concludes that a more radical transformation of society with an eco-socialist orientation is needed.     

Renewable energy and East Asia's new developmentalism: towards a low carbon future?

Abstract

East Asia's renewable energy (RE) sector has grown faster than any other region's since the mid-2000s. It is argued that renewables formed an integral part of the region's new industrial policies and new developmentalism, which are founded on new configured forms of state capacity shaped in response to various challenges, primarily climate change, energy security, globalisation and global neo-liberalism. By studying the recent progress of East Asia's RE sector, we gain useful insights into these key developments in East Asia's political economy and the region's prospects for transition towards low carbon development. This analysis considers how and why different approaches to RE policy emerged in East Asia, to what extent the promotion and expansion of East Asia's RE sector is part of a new industrial policy paradigm and new developmentalism, and what the study of East Asian policies on promoting renewable energy can tell us about the region's broader approach to low carbon development. Although the promotion of renewable energy has been a fundamental part of East Asia's recent macro-development plans and new developmentalism generally, these same plans suggest that East Asian states will simultaneously continue to significantly promote high carbon and ecologically damaging industrial activities, thus undermining the low carbon credentials of East Asia's new developmentalism. The path to meaningful low carbon development will be very long and will take many decades to achieve. However, it is contended that by maintaining and improving their various forms of state capacity over time, the East Asian states will be well positioned to sustain the significant growth of their renewable energy sectors and thereby further strengthen the low carbon development orientation of their new industrial policies, macro-development plans and strategic economic thinking.     

环境规制降低了重污染行业的投资效率吗?

在低碳经济背景下,实现经济与环境双重目标的和谐发展至关重要。本文首次基于投资效率视角,利用投资支出与投资机会敏感性模型,分析环境规制对重污染行业的影响。研究发现,环境规制从整体上降低了重污染行业的投资效率,对非国有企业投资效率的负面影响非常显著;地方国企存在着投资规模过大的现象;是否为重污染行业、行业环境规制强度与污染排放强度三者之间整体上呈高度正相关,但仍存在着细微的差异,这种差异使中央国企在投资支出上的表现不尽相同;所在地为地方政府环境治理水平较低地区的企业,投资效率下降显著。上述结果表明,我国的经济发展与环境保护之关系并未达到波特假设的双赢局面;地方政府对地方国企的支持,使重污染行业非国有企业在环境规制中处于相对不平等地位;设计至少与污染排放强度相匹配的环境规制强度,有利于刺激高环境治理水平企业的投资;提升地方政府和企业的环境治理水平,是实现经济发展与环境治理双赢的重要途径。     

低碳经济背景下的馆藏期刊管理模式研究

在线浏览等低碳阅读方式已经成为了用户方向,我们有必要重新审视纸本期刊在图书馆的馆藏定位。有感于此,对期刊在馆藏策略方面存在的结构性缺失进行了分析,文章数据凸显的是期刊馆藏与用户认可度的巨大反差,进而从低认可度导致的期刊高闲置率描述了低碳阅读与网络环境背景下期刊馆藏的内在趋势,以期能够进一步理顺电子期刊与传统期刊的馆藏比例,合理配置资源、降低成本。     

Introduction to session 3: Estimating the costs: Perspectives on preservation of the nation's lower‐income housing stock

Abstract

This article uses survey data from the Moving to Opportunity demonstration program in Chicago to explore changes for households moving from public housing. The focus is on two key areas: housing and neighborhood conditions, and labor force participation and employment of householders. The experimental design of the program allows the differences between comparison households, which moved with a regular Section 8 voucher, and experimental households, which moved to low‐poverty neighborhoods with housing counseling assistance, to be examined.

The findings, based on interviews an average of 18 months after families moved, reveal dramatic improvements in neighborhood and housing conditions for all participating families; experimental families experienced even greater gains in terms of housing and especially neighborhood conditions. Labor force participation and employment increased for householders in both groups, likely fueled by the robust economy throughout much of the country and supporting similar findings for program participants in New York and Boston.