群体性事件行政决策应对机制研究

群体性事件频频爆发有特定的社会原因,也是地方政府处置不力应对乏术的表现；从调研中得到的部分群体性事件及其处置结果信息分析:行政决策者在处置群体性事件的导火索事件时失误比较大,粗心大意,控制群情不办,导致严重的财物毁损事件发生；构建群体性事件应对处置的行政决策机制,演练预案,比对落实责任,可以最大限度地减少群体性事件的发生.     

劳工群体性事件及其纠纷解决机制的法律思考

劳工群体性事件频繁爆发是多种因素综合作用下的产物,是劳动者在缺乏其他可行的诉求渠道来表达其利益诉求、解决其利益冲突的必然结果。要从根源上消解、减少劳工群体性事件事件的发生,必须将劳工群体性事件的预防与处置纳入法制轨道,尽快完善我国现行劳动争议处理机制,整合社会力量和资源,畅通、拓宽维权渠道,构建劳工群体性争议的纠纷解决机制。     

群体性突发事件特点、原因和对策情况分析

在社会和谐的大背景下,2009年群体性事件的频发引起人们的关注。在社会转型期,群体性事件仍然会以有限范围的孤立事件而存在。因此,如何防范群体事件的发生和科学地处置已发生的各类群体事件,成为考量各级党委政府、司法机关的执政能力的重要指标。     

公安机关提高预防处置群体性事件的水平的思考

近年来,在经济转轨和社会转型期间,由各种社会矛盾引发的群体性事件越来越多,成为当前影响社会稳定的一个十分重要的因素。正确处理好这些群体性事件对维护我国社会稳定有重要意义。本文在群体性事件不断发展的内涵基础上,结合公安机关群体性事件处理的实践,对公安机关如何提高预防处置群体性事件水平进行了思考。从加强社会矛盾和不稳定因素的化解入手,总结处置群体性事件的几个基本原则,提出群体事件处置的基本方法以及公安机关处置群体性事件需要培齐的素质能力。     

依法应对处置突发群体性事件的思考

近年来,全国一些地方相继发生突发群体性事件,引起社会各界的广泛关注。在当前严峻复杂的社会稳定形势下,亟待抓紧研究建立应对处置突发群体性事件的应急管理机制。针对突发群体性事件的发展状况,指出当前国内突发群体性事件的一些主要特点。从政治学角度,深入探究突发群体性事件的肇因,为从根本上预防和减少群体性矛盾提供有益的启示。从预防与应急准备、实时监测与预警、应急处置与救援、事后恢复与重建等四个方面,提出应对处置突发群体性事件的工作制度,以规范处置行为,提高处置能力,维护社会稳定大局。     

浅议如何应对突发性群体事件：基于善治的视角

近年来,突发性群体性事件呈上升趋势,成为影响社会稳定的因素之一。通过对此类突发群体性事件的成因的分析,本文提出了以“盖治”应对突发群体性事件。因为群体性事件的有效预防和处置并非静态的,而是动态的．只有实现善治,各级政府才能构建应对层出不穷的突发性群体事件的长效机制,才能实现社会的稳定,构建真正意义上的和谐社会。     

浅析群体性事件

改革开放以来,我国经济迅速发展,人民的物质生活和精神生活得到极大的丰富.然而在经济迅速发展的同时也曝露出严重的问题.本文通过对近几年来发生的群体性事件(安徽池州、四川达州、云南孟连、湖北石首)的研究,总结出群体性事件主要呈现出数量多规模大、暴力化、仿效性,主体多元化,处置难度大的特点.进一步分析得出社会结构的断裂,社会保障体系的缺陷,市场经济下价值观念的变化,人们法律意识的淡薄以及基层部门应对突发,事件的“体制性迟钝”是引发群体性事件的主要原因.并在此基础上提出缩小收入差距,促进社会公平；提高政府行政能力,以人为本,执法为民；加大普法教育；建立有效的利益表达机制等措施来应对日渐频发的群体性事件.     

地方政府群体性事件预警机制的构建——基于公共危机管理的视角

近年来我国各地多次发生群体性事件,严重影响了公共秩序和社会稳定,如何通过构建预警机制来有效预防群体性事件就成为各级地方政府面临的重大课题。本文运用公共危机管理理论,针对我国地方政府在对群体性事件预警的认识和对预警信息的收集、分析、处置这些方面存在的问题,提出了相应的构建群体性事件预警机制的可行措施。     

转型期群体性骚乱问题探析

转型期群体性骚乱属于群体性事件的一种特殊类型,以特殊的动员方式、组织化程度低、参与者与事件本身没有直接利益诉求作为其主要特征;民众不满情绪的酿积与地方政府管治水平较低是转型期群体性骚乱事件发生的主要原因。要有效防治群体性骚乱事件必须多管齐下:一方面要从体制上消解民众的不满情绪;另一方面要强化地方政府处置群体性骚乱事件的管治能力。     

论维权性群体事件中职务犯罪的法律处置

社会急转型、利益大调整致使职务犯罪引发的维权性群体事件频发。但受现行处置组织缺乏中立性、处置方式较为单一等因素影响,现行处置方式已无法有效应对此类事件,进而化解社会危机。因此,有必要在借鉴国外有益经验的基础上,构建司法前、司法中两个阶段的维权性群体性事件中职务犯罪的法律处置制度。     

Drugs in injured drivers in Denmark

As part of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL) under the European Commission's Transport RTD Programme of the 5th Framework Programme [I.M. Bernhoft, Drugs in accidents involved drivers in Denmark, D-R4.3 of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods Of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL), www.immortal.or.at, 2005], a study regarding drugs in accident-involved drivers was carried out in Denmark. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to collect and analyse samples from injured drivers for the presence of drugs; (2) to give an indication whether drugs may have contributed to traffic accidents; and (3) to get information on the drug-positive drivers and their drug use. This paper focuses on objective 1. Injured drivers who were treated in hospital were asked to give a saliva sample, a blood sample or both. The samples were screened for the following substances: opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, incl. MDMA (ecstasy), cannabinoids and metabolites, cocaine and metabolites and benzodiazepines. Screenings were carried out by means of Cozart Microplate EIA kit. Positive screenings were confirmation analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In total, 26 out of 330 patients were confirmed positive for one or more of the six drug groups. However, three patients were excluded from the survey for various reasons. Of the remaining 23 drug-positive patients 15 were found positive for one drug group, and in five of these cases alcohol was present in a concentration over the legal limit in Denmark (0.05%). The other eight patients were found positive for two drug groups, and in four of these cases, alcohol was also present in a concentration over the legal limit. Alcohol was found both in combinations with medicinal drugs, with illegal drugs and with both. Based on the saliva or blood concentrations, we estimate that there is a strong suspicion of impairment in 9 out of 23 cases, and in another six cases it was likely that the drivers were impaired.     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

Competence in caring in legal practice

This article is concerned with the stories of female solicitors working in Queensland, Australia, and their account of ethics in practice. These narratives were sought and made in the context of our project investigating complaints received against practitioners in this jurisdiction. Our interviews with female lawyers were intended to provide more insight into complaints matters. Yet this discussion revealed broader insights into ethical questions about the nature of lawyer–client relationships and legal professionalism. This article considers these accounts by reflecting on the concept of ‘care’ and its fit with legal practice requirements today. In doing so, we consider the difficult gendered question of the relationship between caring and ‘women's’ practice. We do not assert a true woman's working style; we seek to contextualise our empirical research by tracing the complex effect of gender on lawyering roles. Finally, we suggest that the adoption of caring practice is a valid approach to lawyering and call for a caring approach to be re-valued in the legal professional context as an ethical proposition.