论经济全球化与国际经济法的变革与发展

经济全球化以全球统一市场和同一规则的基本形成为标志，包括商品、服务、资本和技术在世界性生产、消费、和投资领域中的扩张。这一不可抗拒的世界潮流促使国际经济法要在不同情形下对国际经济法的正义价值和效率价值做出选择，平衡二者之间的关系。本文在明晰国际经济全球化的历史溯源和本质的基础上探讨国际经济法在正义价值和效率价值取舍上的变革与发展，旨在说明国际经济法在全球化背景下的正义价值取向不是权宜之计，而是必须长期坚持的发展方向。     

论经济法的理论基础

任何法部门都要有理论基础。经济法理论基础应当以讲求法意理论、突出经济法特征和承认其他部门法理论基础为立论之本,并从经济法价值层面推衍出来。以往学界关于经济法理论基础的研究还没能够符合这些条件,故诸说成立的根据不充分;而民商法、行政法、社会法等理论基础对于从经济法价值层面推衍的"整体经济效益"的价值取向及覆盖的法内容,又无力支撑。于是,寻找经济法自身的根本理论支撑就十分关键了。笔者研究发现,经济法为了实现"整体经济效益"的价值取向,必须不断解决个体性经营无序带来的"整体"损害问题,于是,经济法配置的整体性经济权应当是限定个体性经营权的职权。笔者将这一理论称为"限权论"并定位为经济法理论基础。这一理论也是在与民商法的"保权论"、行政法的"控权论"、社会法的"扶权论"等理论基础的界分和协调中形成的。     

论国际经济法之公平互利原则

作为国际经济法的基本原则之一,公平互利原则贯穿于调整国际经济关系的法律规范始终,体现着国际经济法的基本精神和价值取向,是国际经济法基本原则的基本判断标准。因为不可能有一种强制力作为后盾,只能用公平互利原则来衡量国际经济关系的公正性。     

论市场规制法的价值

法的价值理论要求市场规制法的价值定位必须关注经济法的基本原则和市场规制法的基本原则。市场规制法的自身特征决定了其价值必须定位为(市场)秩序,它内涵了市场公平、市场正义、市场效益、市场安全等价值。市场规制法的秩序不仅是一种经济秩序,而且是一种道德伦理秩序,还是一种法律秩序,因而应从经济、伦理和法律的角度来对市场规制法的秩序价值内涵进行解读。市场规制法的价值冲突并不是与秩序价值的冲突,而是秩序所内涵的某些价值的冲突,价值冲突的协调意味着市场规制法秩序价值的实现。     

对经济法、民商法公平价值的思考

法作为一种社会规范，公平正义是任何一个社会及其成员所追求的共同价值目标，这也是良法应有的价值取向。所以，在经济法和民商法中都体现了对公平价值的追求。从两者所追求的公平价值内涵的不同、侧重取向的不同以及实现公平价值的手段不同来说明它们各自追求的公平价值的特点。经济法注重实质公平，而民商法注重形式意义的公平；经济法是社会整体利益的公平，民商法是个体利益的公平；经济法追求分配正义，民商法倾向矫正正义；经济法有公共权力做保障，而民商法主要依赖私权的自我约束。     

经济法的价值特征探讨

经济法的价值是在法的基本价值的基础上形成的，并且包含了这些基本价值倾向。但经济法的价值，又具有重要的个性特征。具体表现在：在法的“公平与正义”这一价值层面，经济法更注重实质的公平与正义；在法的“效益”这一价值层面，经济法更注重社会整体效益；在法的“安全”这一价值层面，经济法更注重国家整体经济安全；在法的“自由”这一价值层面，经济法更注重社会整体自由；在法的“秩序”这一价值层面，经济法更注重国民经济良性运行及可持续发展秩序。     

论社会公平是经济法的核心价值——以反垄断法为视角

经济法作为社会性之法,在实现社会经济效率的同时,更应该注重维护社会公平。本文阐述了经济法环境下的公平价值的内容,通过我国反垄断法草案对公平价值的体现,进一步阐释社会公平应该是经济法的核心价值。     

论经济法在防范金融风险中的价值功能

2008年美国金融危机的爆发,更加凸显了经济法的价值理念,同时也是对经济法价值理念的一次实践检验。经济自由与经济秩序的统一,决定了政府与金融企业行为应纳入法治轨道,并保持各自的行为边界。对金融业的监管要体现经济法的安全与效率价值,并视经济环境的需要而突出重点。实质公平公正是社会分配的基准、拉动内需的前提、引领＂效率与公平并重＂的分配原则。金融安全是经济社会发展的基础,经济法的发展理念是金融业稳健运行的支撑和保障。我国应进一步弘扬经济法的价值理念,充分发挥经济法制度的前瞻性和预防性功能。     

浅析经济法的价值体系

作为一个独立的法律部门,经济法有自己独特的价值体系。经济法的价值体系是经济法一个重要的基本理论问题,本文全面而深刻地论证了经济法的价值体系,认为经济秩序是经济法的基础价值;经济安全和实质正义是经济法的基本价值:社会整体经济利益是经济法的终极价值。     

经济法价值的经济价值探讨

法学界关于经济法价值的观点不尽相同,结合经济法自身的特征,经济法的价值取向应体现在社会公平、社会整体效益方面上。经济法的基本价值在于经济价值,它包括三个方面的内容,即企业内部的平等、市场领域的竞争自由和宏观领域的经济安全。     

Fair value of international economic law in globalization

With the fast growth of economic globalization in international economy, the liberalization-oriented lawmaking has emerged, which resulted in a preliminary orderly mechanism in the global free market, but fair value is lost in the rule making of international economic law, hence resulting in a crisis of legitimacy itself. For this subject, it is necessary to find out the theory of restructuring fair value in the dispute on the essence of justice within the contemporary theory of free capitalism, and the theory of Rawls’ plural justice offers some hints. Of course, it is also quite basic for developing countries and China to anchor their roles properly and make strategic selections in restructuring fair value of international economic law.     

Justice at the confluence of law and economics

Law has long been combined with economic thought, but only recently has law been combined with economic theory. This article explores the implications of this development for theories of justice and interdisciplinary research. Value in economics is usually measured by price (the market tradition) or by satisfaction (the utilitarian tradition). The relationship of these concepts to equity in law is explored. Also explored is the relationship between bargaining theory and contractarian theories of justice. The article examines the possibility that methods and concepts developed in the economic analysis of law will prove useful to sociologists and social psychologists by contrasting the study of rational choice and the study of attitudes.     

构建国际和谐社会的法学新视野——全球化进程中的国际社会本位理念论析

进入21世纪,经济全球化和一体化进程迅速推进,全球性问题日益凸显,国际社会组织化程度空前提高,国家本位理念遇到严重挑战,传统的国家主权和国家利益观念需要作出新的诠释。在这种新的国际形势下,国际社会本位理念作为一种全新的国际法律理念,逐渐为国际法学界所认同。国际社会本位理念强调维护人类共同利益和追求全面可持续发展。它把国家利益与人类共同利益作出了最科学和最合乎正义的结合。利益与正义,是法所要促进的最重要的两大类价值。而提升国际社会本位理念,不但有助于国际法律制度更好地实现其利益的价值,亦有助于其正义价值的实现。因此,它对于维护世界和平、实现共同繁荣、构建和谐的国际法治社会具有重要的理论和实践意义。国际和国内法律制度越来越多地体现了这一全新的法律理念。     

A Roman Catholic Concept of Justice

Abstract
The author collates a Roman Catholic concept of justice with the general principles of law and justice. He explores the Church's stand on earthly justice and deals extensively with divine justice, moving to the criticism of its dogmas from original sin to redemption, ecclesiology and the sacraments to hell, purgatory and paradise and the problems these concepts entail. He concludes by focussing on a paradox in Catholic thinking and the new trend in Catholic theology.     

Moral theories of torts: Their scope and limits: Part I

One approach to legal theory is to provide some sort of rational reconstruction of all or of a large body of the common law. For philosophers of law this has usually meant trying to rationalize a body of law under one or another principle of justice. This paper explores the efforts of the leading tort theorists to provide a moral basis — for the law of torts. The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part I consider and reject the view that tort law is best understood as falling either within the ambit of the principle of retributive justice, a comprehensive theory of moral responsibility, or an ideal of fairness inherent in the idea that one should impose on others only those risks others impose on one. The second part of the paper distinguishes among various conceptions of corrective or compensatory justice and considers arguments — including previous arguments by the author himself — to the effect that tort law is best understood as rooted in principles of corrective justice. This paper argues that although the use of principles of justice may render defensible many (but by no means all) of the claims to repair and to liability recognized in torts, it cannot explain why we have adopted a tort system as the approach to vindicating those claims. Some other principle — probably not one of justice — is needed to explain why it is that the victims claims to repair is satisfied by having his losses shifted to his injurer — rather than through some other means of doing so. The paper concludes that the law of torts cannot be understood — in the sense of being given a rational reconstruction — under any one principle of morality.     

Moral theories of torts: Their scope and limits: Part II

One approach to legal theory is to provide some sort of rational reconstruction of all or of a large body of the common law. For philosophers of law this has usually meant trying to rationalize a body of law under one or another principle of justice. This paper explores the efforts of the leading tort theorists to provide a moral basis - in the sense of rational reconstruction based on alleged moral principles - for the law of torts. The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part I consider and reject the view that tort law is best understood as falling either within the ambit of the principle of retributive justice, a comprehensive theory of moral responsibility, or an ideal of fairness inherent in the idea that one should impose on others only those risks others impose on one. The second part of the paper distinguishes among various conceptions of corrective or compensatory justice and considers arguments — including previous ones by the author himself — to the effect that tort law is best understood as rooted in principles of corrective justice. This paper argues that although the principles of justice may render defensible many (but by no means all) of the claims to repair and to liability recognized in torts, it cannot explain why we have adopted a tort system as the approach to vindicating those claims. Some other principle — probably not one of justice — is needed to explain why it is that the victim's claim to repair is satisfied by having his losses shifted to his injurer — rather than through some other means of doing so. The paper concludes that the law of torts cannot be understood — in the sense of being given a rational reconstruction — under any one principle of morality.     

国际经济管制法的范围、体系和内容

本文将国际经济法界定为管制法,由此时我国国际经济法教科书的范围、体系和内容等问题进行技术层面的探讨。在范围上可以从广义国际经济法中剥离出国际商法;在体系安排上突出WTO法的核心地位,注重逻辑性和论题性;在内容上可以加大判例和立法阐述的比例。     

中国特色国际经济法学的理念与追求——《陈安论国际经济法学》的学术创新与特色贡献

《陈安论国际经济法学》的学术特色和贡献主要是:以马克思主义为指导,分析国际经济关系的发展、揭示南北问题的根源和实质及阐释马克思主义主权观;站在中国和发展中国家的立场,坚持和发展"三个世界"理论,坚持建立国际经济新秩序的目标,提出南北矛盾发展的"6C律";论证南北矛盾中形成的经济主权原则、公平互利原则和全球合作原则,充分反映了作者创建中国特色国际经济法学的理念和追求。作者强烈的学术使命感、历史与现实结合的研究方法及学术成果"国际化"的不懈努力尤其值得学习。     

经济法的反贫困机理和制度设计

贫困体现了市场失灵和政府失灵,而这两个失灵是经济法产生和发展完善的理论基础;反贫困所体现的公平观是一种新型的、可持续的发展观,它是经济法之实质公平的典型表现形式;政府反贫困行为还与经济法所追求的社会整体利益相契合,体现了经济法的社会本位思想;因此,经济法可以从宏观调控法和市场规制法两方面进行制度设计。     

国际经济行政法基本原则：平等保护与正当程序

国际经济行政法是调整跨国经济行政关系的国际、国内公法规范与原则的总和,换言之,国际经济行政法是政府规制市场的国际协调法。权利平等保护原则与正当程序原则分别从实体和程序两方面体现了国际经济行政法中的公平正义价值。从法理基础看,这两项原则既是理性精神的反映,也是市场经济发展和全球化趋势的必然要求,以及长期法律实践的结果,它对国际经济行政法领域提出了全新的标准。从实在法角度考察权利平等保护原则与正当程序原则在国际经济行政法领域的具体体现主要有国民待遇、最惠国待遇原则及反补贴制度,WTO对国内程序法的要求及WTO争端解决机制等。需要进一步完善这些制度,旨在从形式的平等过渡到实质的平等,建立平等互利基础上的国际经济法治与宪政规则。