张家口地区汉族人群G2m(23)因子频率调查及血痕G2m(23)检出时限

1993年以来，时有G2m（23）因子在中国不同人群中分布的报道。本文验测张家口地K600名汉族无关健康人血清及室温保存1～16年的94份人血痕的G2m（23）因子，旨在了解本地区议人群体G2m（23）分布规律及血痕中G2m（23）因子的检出时限。材料与方法600份血清样大来自本市血站，均系无血缘关系且健康的汉族男女。血样置4℃冰箱保存，12小时内检测。94份血痕样本为室温保存1～16年的受检案件剩余检材，检测前用PI3S－T浸泡，4C冰箱过夜。用酶标单克隆抗GZm（23）抗体（由公安部物证鉴定中心血清室提供）．技文献方法对上述样本进行检测。结…     

贵阳市和六盘水市汉族群体 G1m（3）因子频率调查

收集贵州省贵阳市及六盘水市两地区人群无关个体血样410例,按文献方法检测其G1m（3）因子,结果如下（表1、2）。本文调查的贵州省贵阳市及六盘水市人群是贵州省比较有代表性的两个城市人群。两地分别在贵州中部和西部,地理位置基本在一个纬度水平（北纬26"左右）。经用方差检验,P＞0．05,两地无显著差异。经hardy－weinberg检验,符合遗传分布规律。 贵阳市和六盘水市汉族群体 G1m（3）因子频率调查@沙征凯$贵州六盘水市公安局刑警支队!553001王香菊,等.应用酶标D7E8单克隆抗体Dot-ELISA快速检验人血痕G1m(3)因子.中国法医学杂…     

5个家庭G2m(23)家系调查

本文按照蒯应松等人方法,用公安部第二研究所研制的单克隆G2m(23)抗体,对5个家庭30名成员G2m(23)因子进行了家系调查,现报告如下.G2m(23)表现型检验结果及推测的基因型见表.     

乌市维族G2m(23)因子频率调查

应用免疫斑点法对194名维吾尔族人G2m（23）因子分布频率进行了调查。一、材料和方法1．194份新疆乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族居民无血缘关系的健康人血清，采血自然凝固后，拆出血清制成班迹，室温下保存备用。2．抗G2m（23）单克隆抗体，公安部第二研究所制。3．采用公安部第二研究所建立的酶联免疫斑点法进行检测，血清班进样品用适量PES一下清泡并稀释，点股后用3％过氧化氢处理。二、结果194份血清斑这样品中G2m（23＋）因子101份，G2m（23－）因子93份，G2m（23＋）频率为52．1％，G2m（23－）流率47．94％。据此计算出该地区维吾尔族居民…     

抗人同种异型G2m(23)单克隆抗体研制及特异性鉴定

本文用快速液相色谱（FPLC）从G2m（23）阳性人血浆中纯化出IgG2蛋白，免疫BALB/c小鼠，建立了一株分泌抗人G2m（23）单克隆抗体的细胞株，定名为2G8。经抑制ELISA，双抗体ELISA及斑点ELISA分析，证明2G8抗体具有G2m（23）单一特异性。     

哈尔滨地区汉族人群G1m(3)因子的基因频率分布调查

<正> 应用Dot—ELISA法对哈尔滨地区汉族人群738名无关个体的G1m(3)因子的基因频率分布进行了调查,现报道如下。1材料与方法1.1样品的采集与处理 当地医院血库提供的哈尔滨地区738名无关个体的健康人静脉血,滴加在96孔培养板的各孔内,置室温干燥后备检。1.2试剂与检测方法 酶标抗G1m(3)单克隆抗体,由公安部物证鉴定中心提供。检测方法按文献[1]进行。1.3基因频率计算[2]:基因频率计算按公式进行,即G1m(3)基因频率= (3)因子频率;识别能力(DP)=1-各表型频率平方和。     

单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附抑制试验测定G2m(n)因子及成都地区汉族频率调查

作者应用单克隆抗体,首次建立了检测人类免疫球蛋白同种异型 G2m(n)因子的酶联免疫吸附抑制试验。并调查了成都地区汉族群体 G2m(n)因子的频率。在被调查的517份血清中,G2m(n)因子阳性率为79.69%。由此计算出 G2m(n)基因频率为0.5493,方差为0.0004。     

用酶标抗人IgG单克隆抗体直接ELISA法检测微量血痕种属

<正> 酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在法医物证检验中已有许多研究和报道。国外不仅用于血痕种属鉴别,而且还应用于血型及器官特异性的检测。笔者采用酶标抗人 IgGMcAb 作直接 ELISA 法鉴别血痕种属.获得满意效果。     

福州地区汉族群体G2m(23)因子的频率分布

人类免疫球蛋白同种异型包括IgG重链上的Gm系统。其中GZm（23）因子除人类外，几乎不存在于其它灵长类动物。在不同人种和群体中，Gm因子的分布有明显差异‘”。我们用免疫酶联斑点法对372例无关个体血清测定GZm（23）因子。现将检测情况与结果报告如下。一、样品采集和处理血液样品取自医院血库无血缘关系的血样制成血痕备险，剩余的24小时内分离血清，置4C冰箱备用。二、试剂抗GZm（23）单克隆抗体为公发部第二研究所血清室提供。其它试剂为实验室常用试剂。三、检测方法按剜应松等所建立的免疫酶联斑点法Q’。四、结果372份福州人血…     

胶体金免疫层析一步法快速检测G1m(3)因子

建立一种简便快速的胶体金免疫层析一步法 ,用于检测 G1m(3)因子。采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒 ,标记抗人 G1m(3)单克隆抗体 ,研制出抗人 G1m(3)因子免疫层析检测试剂盒。样品的 G1m(3)因子 ,与测试条上的金标记抗体结合后沿着反应膜移动 ,再与膜上固相抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色反应带。使用该方法可检出 10万倍稀释的血清样品 ,整个试验只需 5 min完成。对常见的 2 3种动物血 (痕 )检验 ,未出现交叉反应。在 10 0例样品的检测中 ,本方法的检测结果 ,与 Dot- EL ISA的检测结果的符合率为 10 0 %。该方法适用于法医物证快速检验。     

抗人同种异型G1m(3)单克隆抗体研制及特异性鉴定

用快速液相色谱仪从G1m（3）阳性人血浆中纯化IgG1蛋白，用其免疫BALB／C／小鼠．建立了一株分泌抗人G1m（3）单克隆抗体的细胞株（D7E8）。经抑制ELISA，直接ELISA及斑点ELISA分析，证明D7E8抗体具有G1m（3）单一特异性。其培养上清液效价为512倍，并初步应用于法医办案。     

Lewis typing of human bloodstains by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b)

The Lewis blood grouping of human dried bloodstains could be determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal anti-Le(a) and anti-Le(b) antibodies with an avidin-biotin complex (ABC). The bloodstains aged 1 year were used as samples, and approximately 1 mg of the stains was enough to type each Lewis antigen reliably by this method. The Lewis substances of 106 individual stains were correctly typed regardless of their ABO blood group system.     

G3m(21) typing by ELISA and dot immunobinding with enzyme-labeled monoclonal anti-G3m(21) antibody

Simple, rapid methods are described for G3m(21) typing with peroxidase-labeled monoclonal anti-G3m(21) antibody. In G3m(21) typing by ELISA, microtiter wells were coated directly with the test antigen, which was detected with the enzyme-labeled monoclonal antibody. To further simplify the procedure, a dot immunobinding method was developed. The antigen in the test serum applied onto a nitrocellulose membrane was successfully detected with the enzyme-labeled monoclonal antibody. These methods, particularly the dot immunobinding, are suitable for forensic casework because they are rapid and simple and require no technical skill.     

Antigenic properties of human and animal bloodstains studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using various antisera against specific plasma proteins

Antigenic properties of bloodstains of human and non-human primates as well as other animal bloodstains were investigated by the inhibition ELISA using commercially available anti-human albumin (Alb), alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M), fibrinogen, transferrin, and immunoglobulin G. In general, chimpanzee bloodstains showed strong cross-reactions with these antisera, and the extent of the cross-reactions of other animal bloodstains decreased largely with the phylogenic order, i.e., agile gibbon (ape), Old World monkeys (Japanese monkey and hamadryas baboon), New World monkeys (night monkey and tufted capuchin monkey), prosimians (grand galago and ring-tailed lemur) and other animals (rat, cattle, swine, goat, dog, cat, and chicken). Among these antisera, anti-human alpha 2-M showed the weakest cross-reaction with chimpanzee bloodstains, and anti-human Alb showed next.     

Validation studies of rapid stain identification-blood (RSID-blood) kit in forensic caseworks

When bloodstains are detected at crime scene using presumptive tests (e.g. luminol, phenolphthalein, leuchomalachite green), it is important to establish the real human nature of each stain. This is possible using confirmatory tests. One of these is rapid stain identification-blood (RISD-blood) a lateral flow immuno-chromatographic strip test format which allows the identification of human blood by detection of glycophorin A, a red blood cell membrane antigen, using two anti-human glycophorin A (GPA) monoclonal antibodies.The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity of RSID-blood test in old, degraded bloodstains and in some bloodstains previously treated with BlueStar Forensic, a presumptive test which is often used in crime scene investigations to detect latent bloodstains. The genetic analysis of all bloodstains of confirmed human nature was subsequently performed using the AmpF1STR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems), to validate the possibility of obtain a consistent and reliable DNA typing results.     

Changes in the morphology and presumptive chemistry of impact and pooled bloodstain patterns by Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Bloodstain pattern analysis can be critical to accurate crime scene reconstruction. However, bloodstain patterns can be altered in the presence of insects and can confound crime scene reconstruction. To address this problem, we conducted a series of controlled laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of Lucilia sericata (Meigen) on impact bloodstains and pooled bloodstains in association with three combinations of common surfaces (linoleum/painted drywall, wood floor/wallpaper, and carpet/wood paneling). L. sericata fed from the pooled bloodstains and added insect stains through regurgitation and defecation of consumed blood. L. sericata formed defecatory trails of insect stains that indicated directionality. Defecatory stains fluoresced when viewed at 465 nm with an orange filter. These observations differed from Calliphora vicina insect stains because feeding on blood spatter was not observed and trails of insect stains were formed by L. sericata. The fluorescence of defecatory stains can be used as a method to detect insect stains and discriminate them from real bloodstains.     

应用ELISA检测人IgG进行血痕种属鉴别的研究——酶联免疫在物证检验中的应用研究之一

本文应用 ELISA-双抗体夹心法,通过检出血中的人 IgG 鉴定人血痕。双抗体夹心法是常用来检测抗原的一种方法,但在法医学上用于测定血痕种属尚少报道。我们建立的这种方法,新鲜人血痕的阳性结果可测到64万倍。保存三年的陈旧血痕仍可测出。马、牛、羊、狗、猪、鸡、鸭、鸽、兔、驴、骡和鹌鹑均为阴性。由于本法灵敏度高、特异性好、试剂易得,勿须贵重仪器,在物证检验中便于推广。