城市公安交通指挥系统专网通信分析

随着城市智能交通系统的快速发展,城市公安交通指挥系统建设大规模展开,其中路口路段设备的专网通讯是保障公安交通指挥系统信息互交的基本要求.而国内的许多城市在此方面的建设情况还存在许多问题,给城市公安交通指挥中心建设带来了巨大的困扰.为了提高城市公安交通指挥系统建设水平,本文根据《公安交通指挥系统建设技术规范》(GA/T455-2010)的要求,首先阐述了城市公安交通指挥系统路口路段设备主要构成;其次分析了城市公安交通指挥系统路口路段设备专网通信架构;最后从城市公安交通指挥机构和局域网的拓扑结构出发,研究了支队指挥中心和大队分控中心之间的专网网络拓扑结构.为城市公安交通指挥系统通信系统建设提供参考意见,提高公安交通指挥系统的建设水平.     

公安交通指挥中心建设

公安交通指挥中心是智能交通系统(ITS)的重要组成部分。本文简要介绍了公安交通指挥中心的主要组成及其国内建设概况，针对其存在的主要问题，着重就公安交通指挥中心建设的指导思想与建设原则、建设方法与建设步骤、总体目标与基本要求，尤其是其宏观定位问题等，进行了比较深入、具体的探讨，值得有关方面借鉴、参考。     

我国公安交通指挥系统现状和发展趋势分析

公安交通指挥系统在城市交通管理工作中发挥了重要作用,探讨如何进一步提高公安交通指挥系统的建设和应用水平具有重要意义,本文首先描述了我国公安交通指挥系统的发展历程,分别从指挥调度、秩序管控、交通执法、信息服务、公路防控等系统建设方面和机构和人员设置、指挥调度流程、系统应用效果等系统应用方面对公安交通指挥系统的现状进行了充分的分析,指出了公安交通指挥系统的主要特点和目前存在的主要问题,最后对未来公安交通指挥系统的发展趋势进行了预测。     

关于构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的思考

目前,我国公安交通管理信息系统建设发展较快,已经建成了较为完善的部、省、市三级公安交通管理信息综合系统,并在全国各地得到应用和推广.本文重点对以图像为基础的智能交通监控系统远程维护问题进行思考与研究,并提出构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的动意,以期为建设公安交通管理信息系统综合平台进一步探索发展模式,积累实践经验.     

关于构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的思考

目前,我国公安交通管理信息系统建设发展较快,已经建成了较为完善的部、省、市三级公安交通管理信息综合系统,并在全国各地得到应用和推广.本文重点对以图像为基础的智能交通监控系统远程维护问题进行思考与研究,并提出构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的动意,以期为建设公安交通管理信息系统综合平台进一步探索发展模式,积累实践经验.     

公安交通管理信息系统省级数据集中管理模式研究

信息系统数据集中管理是信息技术发展到一定阶段的必然趋势,具有良好的应用前景.本文介绍了公安交通管理信息系统数据库分布现状和相关行业数据集中管理的实施情况,分析了省级数据集中管理模式在公安交通管理信息系统中的建设需求、应用现状和效益,指出了实施省级数据集中管理后存在的主要问题,就交通管理信息系统如何实施数据集中管理提出意见和建议.     

浅析机场公安交通管理工作方式转变

随着我国经济迅速发展、对外交流扩大和航空运输繁荣，通往机场道路的车辆也成倍增长，给机场的公安交通管理工作带来了新的挑战。机场公安交通管理部门的任务是维护机场交通秩序的和谐、安全、快捷、畅通，职责神圣重要。     

关于构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的思考

目前，我国公安交通管理信息系统建设发展较快，已经建成了较为完善的部、省、市三级公安交通管理信息综合系统，并在全国各地得到应用和推广。本文重点对以图像为基础的智能交通监控系统远程维护问题进行思考与研究，并提出构建智能交通监控系统远程维护平台的动意，以期为建设公安交通管理信息系统综合平台进一步探索发展模式，积累实践经验。     

浅谈我区公安交通管理部门经费管理体制现状和存在的问题

我区公安交通管理部门长期以不定期实行“以收定支，统分结合”经费管理模式，这样就长期形成了收多支多、收少支少的局面。经费管理上存在预算不完整，未建立长期有效公安交通管理经费增长机制，不能全面反映公安交通管理部门的经费支出，很难有效监督基层公安交通管理部门经费收支的合法性，各级公安交通管理部门在执法时经常出现无所适从的局面。何种经费管理模式更适合我区公安交通管理部门，值得我们深思。     

公安交通管理移动警务综合服务系统建设研究

本文针对我国公安交通管理部门信息化建设现状及其存在的各类基础业务信息无法广泛共享，有效利用，充分发挥效益的突出问题，简要论述了建设公安交通管理移动警务综合服务系统的重要性与现实意义，比较具体地就该系统的总体方案、技术关键和效益分析等进行了深入又有益的研讨，值得有关部门大力借鉴与参考。     

指挥官刑事责任基本理论

指挥官刑事责任是指挥官因为其下级实施了犯罪而应当承担的一种共犯责任。该理论在20世纪随着一系列重要的国际刑事司法实践而逐渐形成,并在当前主要的国际刑事法律中得到了体现。要追究指挥官的刑事责任,必须证明三点:具有上下级关系;上级知道或者应当知道下级的罪行;上级指挥官未能采取合理、必要的措施阻止犯罪或者惩罚罪犯。但是,无论是在司法实践中,还是在理论研究上,人们对这个原则还有不同的认识与做法,一个科学、合理的指挥官刑事责任理论体系还有待建立。     

A Justification of Command Responsibility

In this article, I advance a culpability-based justification for command responsibility. Command responsibility has attracted powerful, principled criticisms, particularly that its controversial “should have known” fault standard may breach the culpability principle. Scholars are right to raise such questions, as a negligence-based mode of accessory liability seems to chafe against our analytical constructs. However, I argue, in three steps, that the intuition of justice underlying the doctrine is sound. An upshot of this analysis is that the “should have known” standard in the ICC Statute, rather than being shunned, should be embraced. While Tribunal jurisprudence shied away from criminal negligence due to culpability concerns, I argue that the “should have known” standard actually maps better onto personal culpability than the rival formulations developed by the Tribunals.     

Joint Criminal Enterprise and Command Responsibility

The joint criminal enterprise doctrine appears more and moreas the ‘magic weapon’ in the prosecution of internationalcrimes. Yet, the doctrine not only gives rise to conceptualconfusion and conflicts with some fundamental principles of(international) criminal law but also invades the traditionalambit of command responsibility liability. This becomes obviousif both doctrines are applied simultaneously in cases againstaccused with some kind of superior position. After a short introductionon both doctrines, as interpreted in modern case law, the articlegives some examples of their simultaneous application and triesto develop distinguishing criteria in light of the case lawand a ‘dogmatic’ analysis of both the doctrines.A reference to the theory of ‘Organisationsherrschaft’shows that there is yet another option to impute internationalcrimes to top perpetrators.     

Finding a Proper Role for Command Responsibility

This article examines the role that command responsibility currentlyplays in the case law of the International Criminal Tribunalfor the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International CriminalTribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). The ad hoc tribunals rely in principleon a broad concept of command responsibility – which canbe applied to all superiors, including political and civilianones. However, in practice, accused persons have only rarelybeen successfully charged under this form of liability. Indeed,recent case law has gradually adopted a rigorous approach withrespect to the legal requirements of command responsibility.This has made it more difficult to establish criminal liabilityof superiors who have not directly participated in the commissionof international offences. The ad hoc tribunals have expressedan explicit preference for forms of ‘direct’ liabilitywhere the accused can be convicted both under ‘direct’and command responsibility. While the ICTY and ICTR have progressivelyinterpreted other international legal concepts to deal effectivelywith collective crimes committed by leaders of organized groups,they seem to have confined command responsibility to internationalcrimes perpetrated in typical military-like contexts.     

命令与法的基本性质

一般认为,由于哈特的批评是如此的彻底,因此,奥斯丁的命令理论已经只是法律思想史的组成部分,它不再影响我们关于法律之一般性质的根本看法。不过,这样的看法其实是不适当的,因为虽然命令这样的概念工具的确不足以说明法律的一般性质,但是命令背后所揭示的关于法律的直觉——社会事实命题与独立于内容,依然是当今法理论的核心要点。     

对警务实战指挥的基础研究

警务实战行动是处置各种案(事)件过程中的重要环节,指挥则是实战行动成败与否的关键。认识警务实战行动指挥的基本规律和特点,认真研究和解决实战指挥活动中存在的问题,是贯彻公安部党委“抓基层,打基础,苦练基本功”战略部署,进一步深化大练兵及警务实战训练的一项重要内容,是规范实战行动指挥程序、灵活处置各种危险情况、体现执法水平、提高实战效益、减少无谓失误和伤亡的具体措施,也是实现公安基层一线指挥员整体实战能力的需要。     

突发事件应急指挥系统与联合指挥

现场应急的有效协作,是确保有重大事故成功响应的关键因素,联合指挥是管理所有事故应急响应有效机制,是多辖区参与跨地区与跨行业响应行动的必要平台.     

From Choice to Necessity: Putting Politics in Command

This paper attempts to explore the effects of the political developments that followed the financial crisis of 2008, particularly after the uprisings of 2011, on the field of philosophy and more specifically on philosophical practice. Philosophical practice concerns not only methodology and forms of argumentation but also and mainly the dispositive of the philosopher him/herself, that is the place he/she occupies and from which h/she speaks. Drawing from Gramsci??s and Althusser??s reading of Machiavelli an argument is developed according to which certain conjunctures produce the possibility of a void both at the political and the philosophical level; a void which can disrupt the normal reproduction of political relations of power and of the dominant philosophical discourse. The task of materialist philosophy, which in those circumstances becomes even more urgent, is not to devote itself in securing the piece on the field of the philosophical and political battle but in contrast to point out the possibility of the emergence of the void and articulate philosophical positions aimed to intensify the rupture and thus to produce effects tending to realise the possibility of radical change.     

突发事件应急指挥系统与联合指挥

现场应急的有效协作，是确保有重大事故成功响应的关键因素，联合指挥是管理所有事故应急响应有效机制，是多辖区参与跨地区与跨行业响应行动的必要平台。     

The Responsibility of the Police Command for Street-Level Actions

This article examines federal judicial doctrine concerning the responsibility of police officials for patrol misconduct. The current standard requiring a showing by plaintiffs of an "affirmative link" between street-level action and the intention of commanders is challenged in two ways. First, through the application of organizational analysis to the premises of leading cases in the doctrine, and, second, by considering three suits alleging patterns of patrol misconduct, in which the elements of a new standard of command responsibility can be discerned. The authors argue that a standard based on a strengthened doctrine of respondeat superior will help insure the preservation of due process rights in citizen encounters with the police. The article recommends the imposition of departmental record keeping requirements for personnel evaluations and for allegations and investigations of patrol misconduct. A further recommendation would require departmental regulations on the use of force.