欠缺民事行为能力之成年人诉讼权益保护

我国法律根据成年人对自己行为的辨别和控制能力将其划分为完全民事行为能力人、限制民事行为能力人和无民事行为能力人。行为能力决定了诉讼能力，行为能力的有无也必然会对诉讼权益产生影响，保护好欠缺民事行为能力人的诉讼权益是民事审判过程中必须予以重视的问题。但我国监护制度的不足导致对欠缺行为能力人的诉讼权益的保护难以到位，本文将通过对欠缺行为能力人的情形及行为能力的宣告制度来讨论完善其诉讼权益保护的方法。     

论民事诉讼能力及其分级

民事诉讼中,当事人是诉讼主体之一,当法院怀疑当事人存在精神状态异常,考虑到他们是否具有主体资格时,可委托鉴定机构对当事人进行精神疾病司法鉴定,并评定其有无诉讼行为能力,以此来维护精神病人及各相关主体的合法权益。本文结合民事诉讼能力的研究现状,首先阐述其概念,分析民事行为能力与民事诉讼能力的区别,然后分析其分级方面存在的争议,最后阐述民事诉讼能力应当的等级划分。     

劳动争议案件中的精神疾病司法鉴定

汇总劳动争议涉及精神疾病司法鉴定的常见情况 ,深入分析此类鉴定在时间、鉴定要求、材料收集等方面有不同于一般民事案件鉴定的特殊性 ,提出相应的解决办法。建议将引起劳动争议的被鉴定人的民事行为划分为合法行为和违法行为两类 ,相应产生民事行为能力和民事责任能力的评定 ,认为劳动争议的精神疾病司法鉴定中民事行为能力评定应采用“有或无”的两分法 ,而民事责任能力评定办法、标准应同于刑事责任能力的评定     

论精神障碍者民事行为能力评定分级

民事行为能力评定案例逐年增多，相关研究却相对匮乏。然而司法人员和司法精神病学鉴定人员对精神病人的民事行为能力研究甚少。存在着相当多的概念的混乱与分歧。本文首先介绍了民事行为能力的诸多定义。并简要分析了民事行为能力与诉讼能力的异同：然后详细介绍了当前司法精神病鉴定中民事行为能力分级分歧：最后从法律依据。实践运用及现实意义三个方面对民事行为能力三级评定进行了论证。     

被监护人致人损害案件中监护人的诉讼地位浅议

我国民法通则第133条对无民事行为能力人、限制民事行为能力人的侵权行为造成他人损害的,由谁承担民事责任以及如何承担民事责任的问题,都规定得十分明确.无民事行为能力人、限制民事行为能力人(以下简称被监护人)致人损害的,由监护人承担民事责任.但对在诉讼中,监护人处于何种诉讼地位,实践中有不同看法.一种意见认为:应当由被监护人本人作为被告,监护人不能作为共同被告,监护人只能以被监护人的法定代理人的身份参与诉讼.还有一种意见认为:对已成年的限制行为能力人造成他人损害的,应将限制行为能力人即加害人列为被告,其监护人列为法定代理人;而对未成年且无财产的加害人,则因其无赔偿能力,应由监护人承担责任,因此,应将直接加害人及监护人列为共同被告.     

精神病人合同能力鉴定的相关问题

为了探讨精神病人合同能力鉴定的相关理论 ,解决合同能力鉴定中鉴定标准混乱的问题 ,对合同能力鉴定的法律基础、标准、民事行为能力与民事权利能力的区别 ,民事行为能力的广义、狭义区分进行了论述。提出合同能力鉴定的核心问题是意思表示的真实性 ,主张将合同能力分为有、无两级 ,强调合同能力的分级与民事行为能力的等级存在区别。并提出合同能力鉴定的程式为 :首先判定其行为能力 ,有行为能力相应具有合同能力 ,无行为能力即无合同能力 ,限制民事行为者 ,应根据年龄、智力、精神健康状况、生活关联度 ,再分为有合同能力、无合同能力。     

精神病人合同能力鉴定的相关问题

为了探讨精神病人合同能力鉴定的相关理论,解决合同能力鉴定中鉴定标准混乱的问题,对合同能力鉴定的法律基础、标准、民事行为能力与民事权利能力的区别, 民事行为能力的广义、狭义区分进行了论述.提出合同能力鉴定的核心问题是意思表示的真实性,主张将合同能力分为有、无两级,强调合同能力的分级与民事行为能力的等级存在区别.并提出合同能力鉴定的程式为:首先判定其行为能力,有行为能力相应具有合同能力, 无行为能力即无合同能力,限制民事行为者,应根据年龄、智力、精神健康状况、生活关联度,再分为有合同能力、无合同能力.     

论限制责任能力精神障碍人犯罪案件的处理及其完善

除年龄影响人的责任能力以外,精神障碍也会影响到人的责任能力之有无及程度,并进而影响到行为人的刑事责任之有无及轻重.对精神障碍人的刑事责任能力之有无及程度,当代少数国家立法例采取“有刑事责任能力”与“无刑事责任能力”的两分法,多数国家的立法例或司法实务采取“完全刑事责任能力”、“限制(部分、减轻)刑事责任能力”、“无刑事责任能力”的三分法.我国刑法第15条第1款规定:“精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结果的,不负刑事责任”,此为“无刑事责任能力”;第15条第2款规定:“间歇性的精神病人在精神正常的时候犯罪,     

对一方是残疾人或精神病人离婚案件的审理

对一方是残疾人或精神病人离婚案件的审理成都中级法院，金堂县法院一、以判决或调解离婚的案件，是否应当为生活不能自理或不回完全自理的民疾人设立监护人。一种意见认为，按照民法通则１６条、１７条规定，只有对未成年人以及其他民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力的人才...     

论无民事行为能力人实施民事法律行为的效力——基于“立法论”与“解释论”的二元视角

我国民法对于自然人行为能力之欠缺区分无行为能力和限制行为能力。对于无行为能力人是否可以独立实施纯获利益的法律行为,《民法总则》采取了与《合同法》相同的处理规则,即无民事行为能力人只能由其法定代理人代理实施民事法律行为。但法律不为无民事行为能力人依其智力精神状况可独立实施民事法律行为预留任何空间而一律规定为无效,不免脱离生活实际,也不利于促进其心智健全或成长。未来我国民法典应采"二级制"民事行为能力制度,废除现行民法中的"无民事行为能力"制度,将自然人区分为"完全民事行为能力"与"限制民事行为能力"。对于限制民事行为能力人所实施的法律行为的效力由效力待定改为可撤销。在《民法总则》已规定无民事行为能力人所为之法律行为无效之情形下,于解释论上宜通过类推适用限制民事行为能力人所为法律行为效力之规定,即例外地承认其所实施的纯获法益或与其年龄、智力状态相适应的民事法律行为有效。     

A scale for measuring propensity for abusiveness

A brief self-report is described that assesses propensity for male abusiveness of a female partner in intimate relationships. The Propensity for Abusiveness Scale (PAS) items is nonreactive and contains no explicit reference to abusive behavior. The scale has good psychometric properties, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.91 and three distinct factors. Data were provided by 140 men in treatment for wife assault and by 63 of their female partners. In addition, 44 demographically matched men and 33 of their partners were evaluated. The scale was validated against reports of abuse victimization by men's female partners using the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory (Tolman, 1988). The scale correlated 0.51 with women's reports of male Domination/Isolation tactics, and 0.47 with Emotional Abuse scale scores. A discriminant function for high versus low abusiveness indicated that the PAS correctly classified 82.2% of men into high (one standard deviation below) abusiveness. Social desirability corrections do not significantly change the trend of correlations of the PAS with criterion variables. A cross validation of the scale supported the initial results. The scale also correlates significantly with physical abuse.     

Ethics for Lawyers or Ethics for Citizens? New Directions for Legal Education

The Lord Chancellor's Advisory Committee on Legal Education andConduct (ACLEC) has called for the reconstruction of the ethicalfoundations of legal education. However, it has not justified its premisethat teaching legal values at the initial stage will enhance professionallegal ethics. It is argued that the present system of education, given itstechnocratic, individualistic, and authoritarian tendencies, cannot meetACLEC's challenge. A more ethical legal education can be envisagedwithin a neo-Aristotelian framework. This perspective emphasizes thereflexivity between micro and macro ethics, and utilizes the active andparticipatory learning approaches which should enable students to engagein meaningful moral discourse and problem solving.     

Challenges for teaching interaction skills for law students

Abstract

Are lawyers witty courtroom heroes or professionals working with and for people? Is law only universal judgements and afterthoughts or could it also be preventive and proactive individual planning and dialogue? The traditional legal education could be seen to have been based on the first assumptions. The course “Interaction skills for lawyers”, in the Faculty of Law at the University of Helsinki (Finland), evolves instead from the latter assumptions. In this article we relate our starting points in planning the course and evaluate our challenges and experiences in developing it.     

外观设计专利授权的实质要件探讨

外观设计专利新颖性有绝对新颖性、相对新颖性和缓和新颖性三种。我国正在修订的专利法宜继续坚持混合新颖性标准,其比较对象原则上应限于产品外观设计.抵触申请也可破坏外观设计专利申请的新颖性。我国外观设计专利应引入创造性标准,对同一申请人同日在相同产品上中请的多个相似外观设计,不宜被认定为重复授权。此外,我国外观设计专利应继续坚持“美感”标准。     

Cooperation Challenges for the Special Tribunal for Lebanon

While the Agreement between the United Nations and Lebanon providesa solid framework for cooperation between the Special Tribunaland Lebanon, Security Council Resolution 1757 (2007) is silenton the duty of third states to assist the Tribunal. As a result,the Special Tribunal will be confronted with a variety of obstaclesand problems in obtaining their cooperation, which may seriouslyhamper its functioning.     

论刑事审判监督程序的理论基础

对我国刑事审判监督程序进行改革和完善 ,就要对刑事再审制度的理论基础进行深入研究。对于西方国家既判力理论、避免双重危险理论等原则中所体现的有益价值观 ,也应从我国的实际出发 ,在构建我国刑事再审制度的理论基础中加以吸收。通过研究刑事再审制度的理论基础 ,推动刑事诉讼改革 ,逐步建立和完善中国特色的刑事再审制度 ,努力促进在全社会实现公平和正义的目标。     

Association for Conflict Resolution Guidelines for Eldercaring Coordinators

On November 6, 2014, the AFCC Board of Directors endorsed the Association for Conflict Resolution (ACR) Guidelines for Eldercaring Coordination, including ethical principles for Eldercaring Coordinators, training protocols, and court pilot project template. The collaboration between Task Forces created by ACR and the Florida Chapter of AFCC, composed of twenty U.S./Canadian and twenty Florida‐wide organizations, produced both an overarching guide to assist in the development of programs and a more detailed model addressing state/province‐specific needs and characteristics. Eldercaring coordination is a dispute resolution option specifically for high‐conflict cases involving the care, needs, and safety of elders.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• There are currently no dispute resolution options for parties involved in high‐conflict cases regarding the care, needs, and safety of an elder.
• The ACR Guidelines for Eldercaring Coordination address the discrepancies between dispute resolution options available for parents in conflict regarding their minor children and mature families with unresolved concerns about the care, needs, and safety of an elder.
• The ACR Guidelines for Eldercaring Coordination provide information regarding the ethical practice of eldercaring coordination including a specific definition, recommended qualifications, ethical practices, grievance procedures, training protocols, and a court pilot project template.
• The practice of eldercaring coordination will address the influx of court cases expected as baby boomers continue to age, reducing delays in court hearings, as parties will have the opportunity to resolve their concerns without continuous court attention.
• As of June 2015, five states began Pilot Projects on Eldercaring Coordination, which will be studied by an independent research group to enhance the progress of the process and to develop the best practices for initiating the programs elsewhere.

     

永远怀念郑成思老师

2006年9月10日,当全中国的教师们还在以各自的方式感受第22个教师节的时候,你走了。我们只是感到突然,但并不意外。因为从你的病情被确诊的那一刻起我们就知道,这一天,正在一步一步向我们逼近。一年多来,每当星期二上班或有其他聚会的时候,我们总是小心翼翼地谈到你,三言两语而已。因为我们深怕对你的健康的担忧和牵挂会让我们没有办法若无其事地工作和生活。我们一直有一种凄然的默契:没有你的消息就是