明清之际中越关系的演变与抉择

明清更替之际,安南王国作为中国传统的藩属国,面对新朝与旧朝残余分治的局面,其主政的中兴黎朝先是出于恢复"王爵"的要求,与南明政权频繁互动,互相支持。后因南明衰败无望,清朝实际控制了全国局势,加之在其国内对手武氏、莫氏割据政权先后归顺清朝,并获得了封号,中兴黎朝为了确保其于安南国内统治的正当性,无奈地归顺清朝。     

当前叙利亚局势及其发展前景

4月12日,经联合国特使安南斡旋,叙利亚开始实现停火,但小规模冲突时有发生,致使安南调解任重道远。当前叙当局面临新的挑战,短期内,发生政权更迭的可能性不大。尽管如此,叙未来局势走向扑朔迷离。中国在叙问题上彰显了负责任大国的重要作用。     

明朝与安南战后邦交关系常态化交涉考述

宣宗二年,明朝政府决定从安南撤军,结束对安南20余年的管治。为修复战后双方之关系,明朝政府提出拥立陈氏后裔、遣返明朝官兵以及送还遗留的兵械等条件。安南首领黎利表面应允,在行动上却虚以委蛇。经过长达3年的外交博弈,三个条件,无一落实。无奈之下,明朝最终仅授予黎利"权署国事"之名,安南则遵循三年一贡之例,使两国邦交关系恢复常态化。     

试析中国与斯里兰卡关系的发展

中国与斯里兰卡的交往历史悠久.1949年中华人民共和国成立后,双方的联系进一步加强,并呈现出经济联系促进政治交往、政治交往转而带动经济交流的特征.进入21世纪后,两国在各个方面的联系得到进一步发展,两国关系进入一个新的发展阶段.     

缅甸军人政权缘何能长期存在?——一些西方学者的观点解析

缅甸的军人政权是当今世界寿命最长的军人政权之一.缅甸的军人政权缘何能长期存在,一些西方学者从不同角度进行了研究和解释.本文认为,一些西方学者对缅甸军人政权长期存在的内因的分析,多数观点是能够自圆其说的,但其关于外因的说法则值得怀疑.本文指出,一些西方学者将缅甸军人政权能够长期存在的主要外部原因归结为中国、印度、俄罗斯尤其是中国的支持,这是不切实际、带有政治偏见的.尤其是他们对所谓"中国在缅甸的战略利益"的种种猜测.似有"以小人之心度君子之腹"之嫌.     

从政治整肃到行政规训:新经济政策时期苏维埃政权的知识分子政策

十月革命既是伟大的政治革命,同时也是深刻的"思想革命"以及更为艰巨的"文化革命".新经济政策既是苏维埃政权在经济领域政策的重大调整,也是其在文化政策和意识形态上的重大变化.出于政权安全和国家安全的考虑,苏维埃政权对部分反共反苏知识分子采取了政治整肃、司法镇压乃至驱逐出境的手段,这在当时曾在相当大的程度发挥了积极作用,但同时也遗留下了历史隐患.     

列宁和普列汉诺夫:世界社会主义运动中跨世纪的大辩论

列宁和普列汉诺夫在十月革命问题上的分歧,可以归纳为两个方面:一是布尔什维克是否应该发动十月革命夺取政权,也就是十月革命的合理性和必要性问题.二是夺取政权后是否应该立即开始向社会主义过渡,或者说是否应该立即实行由民主革命向社会主义革命的转变.十月革命虽然已过去了90多年,但重温当年列宁与普列汉诺夫这场历史性的大辩论,从中认真吸取教训,避免重蹈历史覆辙,对于今天的共产党人和社会主义者仍然具有重要的现实的意义.     

泰国民主政治的怪圈

泰国实行宪政以来经历了多次军人政权和民选政权的交替,形成了政治循环的怪圈,而且每个周期的更替多伴随着暴力冲突和政治动乱.近两年来,泰国政治进入了新一轮循环周期,政治动荡更是此起彼伏.本文重点回顾了2008年的政治危机,分析了危机的根源,并对泰国政治制度发展前景作出预测.     

回顾我对德国国防部和北约总部的数次访问－－兼忆我与德国将军们的交往

作者回忆了自1985年以来与德国国防部及北约总部的德国将军们交往的情况.以此文纪念中德建交三十周年.     

政官关系与日本民主党政权的政策决定

基于“政治主导”的政治理念，民主党政权在政策决定过程领域推行政官关系变革。历经鸠山内阁、菅内阁与野田内阁，随着政官关系变革态势的减弱并遭受顿挫，民主党政权的政策决定过程反复变化。政官关系定位不准，不仅导致民主党政权的政策决定过程反复变化，也削弱了其决策效益与执政能力。     

Locating Kaliningrad And KÖNigsberg In Russian And German Collective Identity Discourses And Political Symbolism In The 750Th Anniversary Celebrations Of 2005

This article begins by briefly exploring issues of conflict and control in relation to the 750th anniversary of the city of Kaliningrad/Königsberg. An analysis of the tensions between Russian regional (Kaliningrad) and national (federal) identity discourses on the political symbolism of the 750th anniversary commemoration is offered, using Russian media reports and interviews conducted in Kaliningrad. German narratives on the political symbolism of the anniversary events and their implications for German national identity discourses are investigated via interviews conducted in Kaliningrad and Germany, German media reports, books, films and a theater production about Königsberg. Particular attention is given to the impact of the German expellee organizations on framing the discourse about Königsberg in contemporary Germany. The article will conclude by comparing and contrasting the various discourses and interpretations of the anniversary in the Kaliningrad region, Russia and Germany.     

The FBI's Role in Expelling Germans from Ecuador During the 1940s

The expulsion from Latin America of immigrants from axis countries and their descendants is an important but little‐studied episode of the Second World War. The role of the US, and in particular that of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), in their removal has largely disappeared from historical memory. This article examines how the FBI advanced US commercial interests, and in the process harmed vulnerable people who were subject to these expulsions.     

'Adorned with the Mix of Faith and Profanity that Intoxicates the People': The Festival of the Senhor do Bonfim in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 1930–19541

This essay looks at a formative period in the history of the festival of the Senhor do Bonfim, one of Salvador's most important religious festivals. The essay focuses on the public ritual washing of the Church of Bonfim and the tensions between the Catholic Church, who periodically banned the washing from the larger festival, and a variety of historical actors including politicians, journalists, authors and working-class Salvadorans whose efforts eventually contributed to the lifting of the prohibition once and for all in 1953. The author suggests that the defence of the washing both reflected and contributed to a larger hegemonic process taking place in Salvador after 1930, as actors within Salvador's dominant class accepted and even praised Afro-Bahian cultural practices, including them as integral parts of a larger Bahian identity.     

The Health of the Rurality: The Encuesta de Folklore and Popular Healing Practices in Tucumán, 1921

This article examines healing practices among the rural inhabitants of Tucumán in the opening quarter of the twentieth century through a reading of the 1921 National Folklore Survey. It argues that popular medical practices, referred to as curanderismos (popular healing), continued into the twentieth century not only as cultural practice of the popular classes but as necessity due to limited investments in public health in the rural regions on the part of the national and provincial government.     

INDIA’S DEMONETISATION: MODI’S ‘NUDGE’ TO CHANGE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

This article offers an account of the impact of Indian PM Narendra Modi’s decision in November 2016 to withdraw suddenly all Rs 500 and Rs 1000 notes from circulation in India with the avowed intent of combatting fraud, tax avoidance and other economic problems. The article assesses the impact from the demonetisation in November to the March 2017 Indian regional elections, where wide-scale victories for Modi’s political party, the BJP, appear to have vindicated his reforms. The article provides an analysis of the political background of the period, as well as looking at the economic and societal impact of the changes, including the way in which the behaviour of Indian citizens has been ‘nudged’ with particular regard to use of banking, transactions, social effects, and payment of tax.     

DROUGHT: THE ACHILLES HEEL OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

Approximately 97% of the country is experiencing drought conditions. Due to gross water mismanagement and its damaging impact on the country, Iran faces the worst situation in water resources of any industrialized nation. Tens of thousands of villages have been deserted and most of the major urban centers have passed their limits to absorb new rural migrants. Some officials predict that in less than 25 years, 50 million Iranians would be displaced from their current homes because of the pressing ecological conditions. This is happening at the time that the gap between the grassroots and the state has widened and there is increasing dissatisfaction with governance plagued by corruption, nepotism, economic mismanagement, unaccountability and a foreign policy which has produced various regional and trans-regional adversaries. This paper evaluates the pressing ecological challenges in Iran and by conceptualizing political resilience it critically evaluates whether the Islamic Republic is prepared to face the devastating ecological crisis and its socio-economic consequences.     

MYANMAR: RELIGIOUS MINORITIES AND CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS

This article examines the experience of religious minorities in Myanmar between 2011 and 2017 in the context of the 2008 constitution and a new system of governance. It highlights the precarity of religious minorities and argues that neither the constitution nor the state were reliable sources of protection or redress during this period. The first section considers the multiple identities of religious minorities with regard to citizenship and national belonging. The second section elucidates how an enabling environment for Buddhist nationalism emerged and what types of actions state and non-state actors have taken with regard to religious minorities. The final section addresses the 2008 constitution and rule of law in Myanmar in order to understand the challenges for religious minorities in securing justice and protection.