由权力造成的不公,是社会最大的不公

党的十七大报告指出,初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系,再分配更加注重公平。当前,如何将"更加注重社会公平"落到实处,成为极为迫切的现实问题。哪些因素影响了公众的社会公平感?当前社会不公平现象,突出地表现在哪些方面?对改善社会公平现状,公众有什么建议?等等,围绕这些问题,近日,人民论坛杂志社在新浪网推出了"公众公平感调查",     

改革开放以来效率与公平关系提法的演进与思考

改革开放以来,党和国家对效率与公平关系的认识经历了一个不断探索的过程:从"兼顾效率与公平"到"效率优先,兼顾公平"再到"初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系,再分配更加注重公平"。理清这一过程,了解当前效率与公平关系之间存在的问题,对处理好两者的关系及构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要意义。     

公平与效率的衡量、结合与路径依赖——兼论初次分配注重效率与再分配注重公平

改革开放 2 0多年来 ,传统的平均主义的分配制度的路径依赖逐渐被“闭锁”之后 ,社会开始形成对“效率优先”的分配制度的路径依赖 ,从而产生新的社会公平问题。“初次分配注重效率 ,再次分配注重公平” ,把那种在同一时点上既要公平又要效率的公平效率观向前推进了一步 ,明确了在收入分配路径的两个阶段分别实现效率与公平 ,为建立新型的社会主义“公平效率观”奠定了理论基础     

要处理好收入分配的效率和公平的关系

胡锦涛同志在党的十七大报告中指出:"初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系,再分配要更加注重公平。"在收入分配中体现效率,有利于解放和发展生产力,发挥市场机制对资源配置的基础性作用,提高经济效率,增强收入分配公平的物质基础。另一方面,收入分配公平又是效率必要的条件。收入分配的起点、机会、过程的公平与效率是相通的、统一的。再     

社会公平观在当今中国的转变

社会公平既是人类的永恒理想,更是社会主义的价值追求。在中国改革开放以来的转型期",效率优先,兼顾公平"成为主导分配政策的公平观,这种初次分配注重效率,再分配注重公平的思路既促进了经济总量的增长,也导致了收入差距的同步增长。为了解决新的社会问题,我们需要适时地实现公平观的转变,既要强调再分配的公平,也要实现初次分配的公平,在初次分配中提高劳动收入的比重。这种新的公平观包含了全体人民成果共享原则、基本生存权利优先和弱势群体保护优先原则、机会均等和社会开放流动原则等新的内涵,同时也反映了经济与政治等多领域公平理念的统一、应然与实然、理想与政策的统一、历史相对性和人类普遍性的统一的特点。     

十八大对初次分配和再分配有何新要求？

答：十八大报告中提出“初次分配和再分配都要兼顾效率和公平，再分配更加注重公平”，这个提法是有进步的。我们党最早提的是初次分配要注重效率，再分配要注重公平。后来我们党又提出初次分配和再分配都要兼顾公平和效率。这一次我们党在初次分配和再分配都要兼顾效率和公平的后面，又进一步突出强调再分配要更加注重公平，可见未来的收入分配改革肯定是要在再分配方面加大力度。     

试论公平与效率的辩证关系及其现实意义

党的十七大报告关于"初次分配和再分配都要处理好效率和公平的关系,再分配更加注重公平"和"提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重"的论述,深刻揭示和把握了效率与公平的辩证关系及其在分配中的主要矛盾,坚持和发展了马克思主义基本原理,指出了"夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利、谱写人民美好生活新篇章"的关键之处,指明了改革开放的发展方向,并为近些年来的公平与效率之争划上了一个圆满的句号.     

搞好社会再分配是实现社会公平的重要环节--访著名经济学家、中国经济体制改革研究会会长高尚全

党的十六届五中全会明确指出要"更加注重社会公平".为此,必须搞好社会再分配,这是实现社会公平的重要环节.在完善社会再分配的过程中,要着力推进改革,尤其是政府行政管理体制的改革,坚持公平与效率并重的基本原则,重点关注困难群体,为困难群体提供基本的社会保障,提高困难群体的致富能力和机会.     

“惠民中国医疗行动”深受老百姓欢迎

针对社会成员收入差距过大,低收入者的生活、医疗困难等问题,党的十六大报告指出：国民收入的初次分配注重效率,再分配注重公平。医疗服务是第三产业,属于国民收入的再分配,直接关系着社会公平。惠民中国医疗行动以降低费用、直补的方式,有助于社会再分配的公平,使老百姓在原有的开支条件下,药有所值,享     

初次分配、社会公平与和谐社会的关系探析

把初次分配、社会公平与和谐社会这三个重要的主题放在一起加以分析,以发现它们之间的相关关系和区别,具有一定的现实意义。借助历史分析的方法、图表分析法和对比分析法,揭示了初次分配的公平对社会公平的影响程度,发现初次分配与社会公平关系的演进过程与和谐社会的构建有着历史性的契合。由此得到的结论是,现阶段要构建和谐社会应突出体现初次分配的公平性,注重初次分配效率与公平的统一,并通过实现初次分配的公平与效率的统一,促进社会公平,为构建和谐社会开辟一条有效的途径。     

NUMBERS

正1.98 mln units China’s auto production in May,down 4.4 percent from April6 mln Number of highemission vehicles that China plans to remove from roads in 2014 to reduce pollution3.85 mln tons Amount of carbon emission quotas that     

Beijing Embraces APEC 2014

正On November 5-11,China hosts in Beijing the 2014 APEC Economic Leaders’Week,including the Concluding Senior Offi cials’Meeting,the 26th APEC Ministerial Meeting,and the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’Meeting.During the Leaders’Week,China also hosts the APEC CEO Summit,APEC Business Advisory Council Dialogue with Leaders,and Leaders’spouse programs.     

Shanghai–Asia's City of Style

正AT Paris Fashion Week Fall/Winter 2014-2015 in March,Chinese celebrities fitted out in gorgeous gowns featuring Eastern fashion styles attracted much kudos.As China advances further onto the world stage,Shanghai is leading the fashion charge.U.S.-based Global     

Sino-Swiss FTA Pushes Bilateral Relations to New Heights

正CHINA and Switzerland signed in July 2013 the Free Trade Agreement(FTA)in Beijing,so marking the culmination of more than two years of negotiations and legal processes.The f irst free trade pact between China and a country in continental Europe,the agreement came officially into effect on July 1,2014.China Today held an exclusive interview with David Braun,head of the Economic,Financial and Commercial Section of the Embassy of Switzerland in China,to discuss the FTA in greater depth.China Today:What is the signif icance of the FTA for     

A Change of Game Plan

正The low-price strategy is losing ground in China’s home appliance market while industrial upgrade offers the only way out By Zhou XiaoyanAt midnight on April 14,over 2,000 an-gry workers of Galanz Group,a homeappliance maker,violently smashedeverything in the canteen,workers’dormitory,production lines and supermarkets in a Galanz     

INFORMATION

正Business Lunch at Barolo For a tasty change of pace during your busy day,why not stop by and enjoy a leisurely lunch at our snazzy eatery Barolo?It’s the perfect place to meet with friends,work colleagues and business associates.Whet your midday appetite with our traditional antipasto buffet,followed by a main course of your choice from the selection of     

China's CSR on the Global Market Fast Track——An Interview with Xu Zongxiang,vice president of China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation Limited(CSR)

正IN mid-December,the last round of procurements of tramcars and subway trains in China’s mainland for 2013 was completed alongside the release of the bid result for trains for the northern extension of Shanghai Metro’s Line 11.China South LocomotiveRolling Stock Corporation Limited(CSR),the larg-     

Economic Transformation through Industrial Restructuring

ON the morning of November 24,2013,the Hebei provincial government took action to demolish 10 shaft furnaces and 16 converters at eight steel and iron plants in Tangshan,Handan and Chengde,reducing the overcapacity of iron production by 4.56 million tons and steel production by 6.8 million tons.Prior to this,by the end of October 2013,the province had cut down on steel and iron overcapacity by 2.38 million tons.Steel and iron has long been a pillar industry for the Chinese economy;however,it has become common practice to cut down overcapacity of the industry.The government work report released at the First Session of the 12th National People’s Congress explicitly stated that efforts should be made to promote the transformation of the nation’s economic growth mode and accelerate industrial restructuring.Structural adjustment to the steel and iron industry now epitomizes China’s wider economic transformation.     

Government Consults Legal Counsel

正Various departments hire advisors to ensure rule of law By Wang Hairong Guo Xiaomin,deputy chief of Chongchuan District of Nantong,east China’s Jiangsu Province,has formed a habit of consulting the district government’s legal advisor before approving documents.     

Stemming the Slump

正In a bid to boost the sagging housing market,China has relaxed lending rules for home buyers By Zhou XiaoyanWang xingli is a realtor in Beijing.Instead of resting during the seven-day National Day holiday(October 1-7),he followed a jam-packed schedule spent bustling