Moving Forward Hand in Hand

During the Third Ministerial Meeting of the Forum of China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (China-CELAC Forum), held via video link on December 3, President Xi Jinping called for joint efforts to create a blueprint for cooperation between China and Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries to promote people's wellbeing and human progress.     

BELT AND ROAD UNITES CHINA AND LATIN AMERICA

The Belt and Road Initiative, proposed in 2013 by Chinese President Xi Jinping, improves cooperation among its participants in terms of both economic and cultural? devel-opment. Latin American countries started to join the initiative in 2017, and as of 2019, 19 of them signed related memoranda of understand-ing with China.     

A Free Trade Champion

Mexico was the first leg of Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping's tour to five Latin American countries and Malta in February. Shortly after Xi's visit to Mexico, Beijing Review reporter Yan Wei spoke to Jorge Guajardo, Mexico's Ambassador to China, about the burgeoning cooperation between the two major developing economies.     

MARKET WATCH

China is expected to reap a bumper harvest this autumn, but grain security remains a long-term concern Despite sweeping natural disasters China is on track to achieve a bounti ful harvest for this autumn's grain yield,which usually accounts fo three fourths of the annual output,said Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu.     

China-CELAC Solidarity Stays Strong

The Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) was born out of the efforts of member countries to pursue independence and seek strength in unity. The group has played an important part in maintaining peace and stability and promoting common development in the region.     

The Missing Link in Sino–Latin American Relations

The growing economic presence of China around the world is a widely recognized reality. China's expanding economic relations with other developing countries have generated both positive and negative reactions. Many believe that the increasing economic ties between China and these countries will enhance China's political influence and encourage political cooperation between China and other countries in the Global South. How strong is the economic–political link? This article examines this question in the context of Sino–Latin American relations in recent years. It finds that thus far China's expanding economic relations with the region have not had a significant spillover effect into the political realm. The article provides preliminary explanations of the missing link between the economic and the political. It calls for more nuanced ways to apply familiar international relations paradigms to understanding the implications of the rise of China.     

从“拉美陷阱”看中国和谐社会的构建

在现代化的进程中,拉丁美洲国家曾取得举世瞩目的成就.但是,20世纪80年代以来,拉丁美洲国家陷入"拉美陷阱"而不能自拔.研究拉美国家的现代化进程,吸取其经验和教训,对于构建社会主义和谐社会有积极的意义.     

Cooperation Under The BRI

During a high-level symposium on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on November 19, President Xi Jinping issued a review of the initiative since its proposal in 2013 and also extended some further guidance on future endeavors. In the past eight years, countries along the BRI traversing Asia, Africa and Europe have benefited a lot from it. Particularly during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, relevant projects helped prop up regional economic growth as well as the world economy by large. Comparatively, Latin American and the Caribbean countries (LACs) have achieved far less than those immersed in the BRI collaborative network.     

新冠疫情背景下中国的公共卫生外交:成就、困难与进一步推进的路径

新冠疫情治理需要国际社会加强合作,公共卫生外交是促进各国进行公共卫生合作、建立疫情全球防线的关键举措。通过开展公共卫生外交,一方面,中国争取了世界卫生组织和国际社会的支持和帮助,满足了中国抗击国内新冠疫情形势的需要;另一方面,中国凭借丰硕的抗疫成果在全球树立了典范,通过对国际社会进行疫情通报、经验沟通、技术合作和医疗援助,推动了人类卫生健康共同体理念的传播,守护了全球疫情防线。同时也应注意到,国家层面公共卫生安全战略的不完善、一些西方国家的大国博弈旧思维,以及各国公共卫生治理理念与能力的差异等问题对中国当前的公共卫生外交提出了挑战。对此,中国应尽快完善国家公共卫生安全战略,秉承人类卫生健康共同体理念,大力推进全球公共卫生外交并积极贡献卫生公共产品,以巩固新冠疫情防控的全球战线。     

From Financial Assets to Financial Statecraft: the case of China and emerging economies of Africa and Latin America

Over the past few decades, China has accumulated over US$3.4 trillion of official foreign exchange reserves as it rises to become a global power. Do China's financial assets increase its ability to pursue its national interests internationally? With the globalisation and rising influence of Chinese state-owned enterprises, state-owned banks and sovereign wealth fund, as well as China's growing clout in several regional groupings, it is clear that China does possess the necessary mechanisms to assert its financial power. This article examines the efficacy and limitations of these mechanisms in Africa and Latin America, in the economic and political domains. In the economic domain, China has consistently used foreign oil contracts and acquisitions to secure direct oil flow from developing nations. An analysis of recent cases shows that while China is able to successfully harness its financial power in its pursuit of oil, it needs to fulfil its promises to the satisfaction of the recipient countries in order to maintain the value of its offers. In the political domain, China has used its financial assets to purchase diplomatic allegiance from various African and Latin American countries in support of its One-China policy. Studying both successful and unsuccessful cases reveals that while China is generally able to use its financial power in third-world countries against Taiwan successfully, its national goals have, in recent years, shifted to the economic realm, even with countries that still recognise the Taipei government.     

Chinese Proposal,Global Echoes

The development philosophy of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), one of President Xi Jinping's signature projects, has reverberated across the international community following its splendid achievements benefiting people across its participating countries. Over the past eight years, regions across China have opened wider to the world through the initiative, and win-win cooperation has been achieved between China and participating countries, Xi said at a symposium on the initiative on November 19.     

China's Cooperation Initiative Beneficial to All

正The Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO) International Investment and Trade Expo and the SCO Qingdao Forum on Local Economic and Trade Cooperation took place in Qingdao, Shandong Province, on April 26-28. During the events, Yuri Senko, Belarusian Ambassador to China, who was taking part in a dialogue session on cooperation between the two countries, spoke to Beijing Review reporter Tao Xing on related issues. This is an edited excerpt of the interview:     

中国与巴布亚新几内亚警务合作的现状、挑战及对策

中国与巴布亚新几内亚的双边警务合作启动较晚,“一带一路”倡议为此提供了重要的历史机遇和条件。随着“一带一路”倡议、项目的落实,两国经贸合作、人员往来、文化交流等活动大幅增加,这使得警务合作的必要性、迫切性愈加凸显。当前,我国与巴新的警务合作主要体现在订立条约、人才培训和国际协作等三个方面。在合作中,双方也面临着资源力量结构性不足、大国干涉、缺乏健全稳定机制的挑战。通过增强双边政治互信、经济联系、文化交流,补足警务资源结构性缺陷,健全双边警务合作机制,推动双边乃至多边协议条约签署,可以为两国开展深层次、宽领域警务合作提供坚实支撑和必要保障。     

改革开放与跨国（地区）投资历程考察

改革开放30余年,中国从封闭半封闭状态走向对外开放。改革开放前,中外经济关系主要是对外贸易与对外经济合作。改革开放以来的巨大变化突出体现为跨国（地区）直接投资,主要包括“引进来”与“走出去”。始于改革开放初期的“引进来”,发展到“引进来”与“走出去”并行;21世纪初,随着中国加入WTO和政策法规体系逐渐完备,中外之间的跨国（地区）投资进入新的阶段。     

Premier Li's Latin American Moves

At the invitation of Presidents Dilma Rousseff of Brazil,Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia,Ollanta Humala Tasso of Peru and Michelle Bachelet Jeria of Chile,Chinese Premier Li Keqiang paid official visits to their countries from May 18to 26.It is the first time that Premier Li has touched down in the land of Latin America since taking office in 2013.The visit has further strengthened bilateral cultural exchanges and traditional friendship.It has also advanced mutual political trust and bilateral pragmatic cooperation in all areas and opened a new state of China-Latin America comprehensive partnership of cooperation.     

China–Africa Cooperation: promises,practice and prospects

Chinese engagement in African states has increased tremendously over the last decade, much in line with Chinese globalisation strategies and supported by state encouragement and financial support. The size and potential of China as a world power leads to the level of expectations the country faces from the developing world. However, some elements of these expectations are also created through political discourses which emphasise differences with Western countries. The types of promises that the Chinese leadership makes to create such enthusiastic welcome amongst African political leaders are linked closely to the discourse on South–South cooperation. Albeit different from Western development assistance promises and parallel attempts to produce moderate expectations, the current discourse is thus partly sowing the seeds for future disappointment. This article takes a closer look at the discussions around South–South cooperation in China–Africa relations and at key rhetorical features (‘mutual benefit’; ‘non-interference’) and at the practice of this cooperation. It concludes that the Chinese discourse is creating large public expectations in African countries and while China delivers on many projects, its impact on development is less certain. The overall development success of this strategy builds on longer-term success and is implicitly linked to the occurrence of more reforms in Africa. Chinese policy thus ‘bets on the future’ in their foreign relations with Africa; the success of this strategy is dependent on political circumstances among the partners that are largely beyond Chinese control. In a number of cases, it can thus be expected that currently up-beat political rhetoric is going to meet obstacles that will require adjustments in a discourse that, in its current form, might undermine Chinese credibility if not the core elements of South–South cooperation altogether.     

River Politics: China's policies in the Mekong and the Brahmaputra in comparative perspective

China manages its transboundary rivers as a subset of its broader relations with other riparian states. This results in discernible differences in the way China approaches its international river systems. Although there is a limit to the extent of Chinese cooperation, in relative terms China is more cooperative in the Mekong than in the Brahmaputra. To China, Southeast Asian states are part of a hierarchical system where it stands at the apex. While problems exist, there are deep linkages between them, which help foster collaboration in the Mekong. India, which has greater power parity with China, is not part of China's hierarchical worldview. The territorial disputes and security dilemmas that characterize South Asian geopolitics further impede cooperation. Domestic considerations also impact on China's river policies. There is greater consensus among Chinese policymakers in managing the Mekong than the Brahmaputra, which explains the higher degree of clarity in Chinese policies towards the former compared to the latter.     

积极融入多区域合作 建设边境经济强县

随着泛北部湾区域经济合作构想的提出和实施,广西的发展面临着融入泛珠三角、泛北部湾及中国—东盟“一轴两翼”经济圈等多区域经济合作的良好机遇,同时也把地处中越边境的大新县推到了我国对东盟各国开放的前沿。文章立足于大新县的资源优势和区位优势,就大新如何从更大范围、更广领域和更高层次上融入到多区域经济合作中,不断开拓对外开放的新格局提出了对策建议。     

China,the United States,and Prospects for Asian Space Cooperation

With the rapid rise of competitive space activities within Asia, this study examines the prospects for increasing international cooperation. After discussing relevant conceptual issues, it surveys the space policies particularly of China, India, Japan, and South Korea and examines the skewed patterns of cooperation seen at the international, regional, and bilateral levels. It then analyzes the historical, technology, and political factors that have impeded, especially regional, space cooperation in Asia to date. The study concludes that expanded regional space cooperation is an unlikely near-term outcome, but the paper also argues that the risks entailed in the current situation are growing and that US policy initiatives could make a difference in helping to lead countries out of this dead-end.     

大西南联合参与澜沧江-湄公河次区域经济合作的探讨

澜沧江-湄公河次区域经济合作是我国全方位、多层次、宽领域对外开放格局的一个重要组成部分,也是我国实施西部大开发的一个重要内容,必将成为21世纪初叶中国与东南亚、南亚国家进行区域合作与交流的国家发展战略.我国西南各省区市联合参与澜沧江-湄公河次区域经济合作有利于西部大开发战略的实施,还有利于推进西南地区开放式发展格局的形成,加速与国际经济接轨.