The Social and Scientific Role of C.E.P.S.I.

The Belgian Centre d'Etudes des Probleémes Sociaux Indigènesis, so far as we know, unique in Africa, and one that deservesto be even more widely known than it is. The following abridgedaccount has been translated by Mary Hicks from pp. 5–11and pp. 78–85 of the C.E.P.S.I. Bulletin No. 10 (1949).M. Albert Gille is Provincial Commissioner, Coquilhatville,and M. F. Grévisse, Assistant District Commissioner,Elisabethville.     

美国对华战略思维与中美关系走势

冷战结束以后,美国战略研究界在对华关系上主要有遏制和合作两种观点.这两种观点在美国对华关系中都有所表现.九一一事件后,出于打击恐怖主义的共同需要,中美关系有所改善.但双边关系中的敏感问题仍然存在.未来的中美关系仍将曲折发展,合作与竞争、利益与分歧并存.     

U.S. hegemony and Southeast Asia

The United States has exerted a major influence on Southeast Asia, especially since World War II. As both a promoter of neoliberal reform and as the key strategic actor in the wider East Asian region, the impact of U.S. power has been immense. But both the Asian economic crisis and its aftermath, and the more recent “war on terror,” have highlighted the contradictory impact of evolving U.S. foreign policy and intervention in the region. At both an elite and a mass level there is evidence of resentment about, and hostility toward, U.S. policy and its perceived negative effects. This article outlines how U.S. foreign policy has impacted the region in the economic, political, and security spheres, and argues that not only has it frequently not achieved its goals, but it may in fact be undermining both America's long-term hegemonic position in the region and any prospects for political liberalization.     

中美关系变化与韩半岛

中美实力对比发生变化的同时,中美政府针对彼此的政策随之调整,这不可避免地对东亚和东北亚秩序造成影响。在这种形势下,韩半岛所受到的冲击也逐渐增大。近期,韩半岛局势存在着紧张和不安定的因素,而中美关系对韩半岛局势的影响也愈加明显。笔者从两国关系中合作和矛盾并存的观点出发,以21世纪的前十年中国的胡锦涛政府时期和美国的（小）布什政府、奥巴马政府时期为主要研究区间,回顾整理中美关系的变化和持续推移的趋势。本文通过分析中美关系变化对韩半岛产生的影响,提出为了维持东北亚地区和韩半岛的和平稳定,有必要开拓一条双边间及多边间的紧密的协商渠道,在维持六方会谈框架的同时,寻求一个具体施行方案体制的可能性。     

山东与韩国贸易现状及发展对策

山东与韩国有着较密切的贸易关系,近年来贸易合作不断扩大,韩国已成为山东第一大对外贸易伙伴.但鲁韩贸易还存在着一些制约因素.对此山东应在调整出口产品结构、创造名牌产品等方面做出更大的努力,以巩固和扩大贸易往来,实现更高层次的产品优势互补和贸易合作的比较利益.     

试析美国核不扩散政策与地区安全

美国核不扩散政策对地区安全有着重要影响.美国核不扩散政策导致了伊朗核问题等地区性核问题的再次升温,加剧了地区紧张局势.美国在反核扩散过程中追求建立"核常结合、攻防兼备"的全面军事和战略优势的企图不利于大国在反核扩散过程中的相互合作和战略互信.美国把反核扩散重点指向"无赖国家",有可能使恐怖主义渔翁得利,以及促进地区核竞赛.美国唯有回到包容政策立场并和伊朗等国进行严肃谈判,目前的地区核危机才可能得到解决.朝核问题开始走向外交解决之路就是一个有力证明.     

Commonwealthmen and Republicans: Dr. H.V. Evatt, the Monarchy and India

H.V. Evatt's foreign policy has attracted considerable historical attention, but his response as Australian External Affairs Minister to Commonwealth constitutional issues remains neglected. Evatt sought to retain India in the Commonwealth in 1948–49, but he insisted that India ought to recognise the king's prerogatives in its constitutional arrangements. He had developed his defence of the monarchy and its place in the empire in his writings of the inter-war years, and sought to apply these ideas in his Commonwealth diplomacy of the late 1940s. Evatt's failure to have these ideas accepted resulted from his attempt to impose an ideal of the relationship between the monarchy and the Commonwealth, derived from his understanding of the evolution of constitutional relations between the United Kingdom and the old dominions, to the very different context of Asian postwar decolonisation.     

Eastern Europe and Japan-U.S. economic relations

Japan will probably benefit from changes in Eastern Europe. The government has offered a $1.9 billion assistance package to Hungary and Poland, its businesses are cautiously concluding joint ventures and investments there, and it is cooperating with Europe and the United States in reconstruction efforts. The effects on Japan-U.S. relations will be small though positive, since cooperative efforts on aid and in relaxing export controls seem to out-weigh risks of confrontation. The perception of an economic threat from Japan, however, is rising as cold war tensions ease.     

澳美关系与亚太地区安全

与美国结盟是澳大利亚对美关系的基础,也是其对外战略的支柱.澳美关系是不对称的主导与依附的关系.澳大利亚与美结盟的政策使不少亚太国家对其"融入亚洲"的政策表示怀疑.冷战结束以来,尤其是美国发生九一一事件之后,美澳联盟关系的进一步深化更令许多亚太国家对澳大利亚的亚洲政策不安有加,使澳大利亚和亚太国家之间难以建立真正的互信关系.     

美国国际能源战略与中美能源合作

20世纪90年代美国实施石油进口来源最大限度多元化的政策,进口石油是美国能源的主要来源,以确保进口石油价格稳定和供应可靠.九一一事件以后,美国寻求降低对中东石油的依靠,增加国内石油战略储备,使用军事力量保证外国石油稳定安全地输往美国.当前美国的能源战略增加了世界石油市场需求,导致国际油价高位运行,与其他大国因能源问题而引起的矛盾和竞争增加,在中亚和里海地区的能源竞争加剧.中国和美国在能源领域既存在着一定程度的竞争,又有合作的巨大潜力.