由高校学生网络道德失范问题而引发的思考

网络的广泛应用在给高校学生的学习、生活带来便捷的同时,也产生了一系列的问题,其中高校学生网络道德失范问题显得尤为严重,这同时引发了人们的思考。文章列举了高校学生网络道德失范的表现,并在探究了高校学生网络道德失范的缘由的基础上,从高校学生自身和高校德育工作两个方面,探讨了如何解决好高校学生网络道德失范问题。     

青少年网络道德失范:类型与危害

网络道德失范就是不道德或者不符合伦理规范的网络行为。青少年的网络道德失范行为有三种常见的类型,即害他行为,逐利行为以及宣泄行为。青少年网络道德失范行为有很强的示范效应,并极易导致青少年犯罪,还会影响青少年价值观。所以,对青少年网络道德失范行为的防范与治理,也是救助青少年免受网络伤害的过程。     

社会转型期青少年网络文明失范原因探析

社会转型时期,随着网络信息技术的发展,青少年网络文明失范现象时有发生,主要表现为:模糊的网络文明意识;有悖道德的网络行为;异化的网络双重人格。社会转型时期之于青少年网络文明失范现象的产生,其影响主要表现在如下三个方面:首先,多元价值观念的冲突引发了青少年网络文明意识的紊乱;其次,转型时期的"规范缺席"助长了青少年网络失范行为的生成;最后,转型时期所带来的心理冲击诱发了青少年网络双重人格的形成。     

网络空间的道德失范与建构

网络这把“双刃剑”在给人类带来便利的同时 ,也向我们提出了新的挑战 ,即网络道德严重失范。为此 ,我们应在坚持互利原则、尊重原则、包容原则、可持续发展原则的基础上 ,加快构建网络道德 ,从而促进网络的健康发展。     

网络伦理失范现象及哲学思考

网络在带给我们方便快捷的同时也带来了很多令人担忧的问题,其中存在的网络伦理失范问题应当得到重视。对网络社会出现的网络伦理失范现象,要综合运用法律、道德、传统伦理规范进行解决,对网络伦理失范现象进行哲学思考能够把握好网络社会和现实社会、网络伦理和社会伦理的关系,正确认识网络伦理,从现实社会伦理中获得启示才能更好地应对网络伦理失范现象。     

论大学生网络道德建设

伴随网络的飞速发展,网络给大学生的学习生活带来便利的同时,也对大学生的道德观提出新的挑战。大学生网络道德失范现象的增多要求高校开展大学生网络道德建设。通过大学生上网状况问卷调查分析大学生主要网络行为特征,从正确看待大学生网络道德失范问题以及如何加强大学生网络道德建设方面进行分析,旨在提高大学生的网络道德水平,实现当代大学生健康而全面的发展,使大学生树立正确、高尚的网络道德观。     

研究生学术道德教育的思考

研究生学术道德失范是近年来存在于高校的一个严重问题。研究生学术道德失范污染了学术环境,阻碍了学术进步,给科技发展带来了严重危害。通过对研究生学术道德的定义、内涵以及研究生学术道德失范的现象、产生原因进行分析,提出以制度建设为基,以思想道德建设为魂,构建加强研究生学术道德教育的系统实施体系。     

论大学生网络道德自律的培养

网络在给大学生的生活、学习带来便利的同时，也产生了很多道德问题。由于网络社会中难以形成道德他律，网民的道德行为主要靠个人的道德自律来维系。道德自律精神是解决网络道德失范的最佳手段之一。笔者认为要从确立大学生网络道德主体地位，调整和充实高校德育内容，加强网络法制教育，规范大学生网络道德行为，利用网络技术手段引导大学生网络道德自律，进行“慎独”教育，等方面，来培养大学生网络道德自律精神。     

大学生网络道德缺失的原因及其救治之道

随着互联网技术的发展,网络成为大学生生活不可缺少的一部分,网络在提供丰富的资源、开阔的视野、方便交流的同时,也造成大学生价值观、网络语言、网络诚信、网络交往等方面出现道德失范。大学生自身、网络技术、社会大环境、学校教育等方面是引发道德失范的主要原因。实现改善大学生网络道德问题可以通过利用网络技术、完善法律法规、更新教育理念、创新教学模式、营造良好校园文化等措施加强大学生网络道德教育。     

大学生网络言语道德失范与规范

大学生网络言语失范问题日益严重,规范网络言语环境,建构网络时代的言语道德体系,是当前亟待解决的法律和道德难题,也是大学生思想道德建设的重要课题。从表现、成因等方面探讨了网络行为主体、网络自身、教育和社会环境等因素的影响,并从法律、道德、技术等层面提出了相应对策。     

National cyber crisis management: Different European approaches

Cyber crises, as new forms of transboundary crises, pose serious risks to societies. This article investigates how different models of public–private partnerships shape cyber crisis management in four European countries: the Netherlands, Denmark, Estonia, and the Czech Republic. Using Provan and Kenis's modes of network governance, an initial taxonomy of cyber governance structures is provided. The Netherlands have created a participant‐governed network, characterized by trust and equality. The Czech and Estonian models resemble a network administrative organization, with an enforcement role for their national cyber security centers. Denmark has adopted a lead‐agency model. The article concludes that countries face two binary choices when organizing cyber defense and crisis management. First, national computer emergency response teams/computer security incident response teams can be embedded inside or outside the intelligence community. Second, cyber capacity can be centralized in one unit or spread across different sectors. These decisions fundamentally shape information‐sharing arrangements and potential roles during cyber crises.     

TEACHING ETHICS, TEACHING ETHICALLY

A fair amount of attention has been given recently to teaching ethics and what manners of conduct are proper, especially in the public sector. This article examines not only the substance of teaching ethics, but also the process. The author contends that professors of ethics are in a difficult field because its scope is so broad. While different professions have different ethical codes and standards, it remains true that all fields have ethical considerations. The challenge for the ethics professor is to instill in students a basic understanding of proper conduct, realizing that some actions and decisions are better than others, while not attempting to appear morally omniscient.     

Cyber insurance and private governance: The enforcement power of markets

In the last half decade, cyber insurance has emerged as a multi-billion-dollar industry with the authority to set and enforce standards of security behavior. Although cybersecurity has become a concern of national policymakers, insurers appear to have supplanted the state to play an influential role in governing some aspects of client behavior. This paper explores private governance by cyber insurance firms and evaluates two competing explanations for its emergence – either that the private sector advanced to set and enforce cybersecurity standards for financial gain, or that the state retreated from its responsibility to regulate and private sector actors filled the gap only as necessary. To find an answer between these explanations, this article develops a single outcome case study of the American cyber insurance industry. Following a theoretical introduction to private governance and its manifestation through insurance, the article examines the insurance process and its application in cybersecurity, the key role of standards, and the mechanism of enforcing those standards. The article concludes by identifying key elements of this market-based enforcement and discussing implications for crafting effective private governance in other domains and public policy.     

Toward a more public discussion of the ethics of federal social program evaluation

Federal social program evaluation has blossomed over the past quarter century. Despite this growth, there has been little accompanying public debate on research ethics. This essay explores the origins and the implications of this relative silence on ethical matters. It reviews the federal regulations that generally govern research ethics, and recounts the history whereby the evaluation of federal programs was specifically exempted from the purview of those regulations. Through a discussion of a recent evaluation that raised ethical concerns, the essay poses—but does not answer—three questions: (1) Are there good reasons to hold federal social program evaluations to different standards than those that apply to other research?; (2) If so, what ethical standards should be used to assess such evaluations?; and (3) Should a formal mechanism be developed to ensure that federal social program evaluations are conducted ethically? © 2005 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management     

网络民主热的冷思考

网络民主热潮的背后,折射出了现实政治的诸多困境.它的“一枝独秀”很大程度上缘于现实参与渠道的不畅通、多元民主力量的缺失以及代议机构功能不足等,它的有效治理取决于现实政治的容纳和对接,有赖于多元民主力量的壮大,以及各种民主形式之间的优势互补.     

Viewpoint: New Ethics for Space Commerce

The space age is likely to be dominated by space commercial activities. As these activities develop, it is important to consider business values, commercial ethics, and trade discipline. The failure to do so could result in space commercial development on the basis of greed for profit and competitive advantage for advancement, as has taken place on Earth. To better prevent this possibility, this article proposes that there is the need to develop a “New Ethics for Space Commerce” based on high standards of business morality and commercial honesty, with moorings in conscious social responsibility and due regard to ecological sustainability.     

A Nolan Committee for the German ethics infrastructure?

Abstract. An international trend towards establishing and conforming standards of ethical behaviour in the public sector has repeatedly been stated. Germany, however, remains surprisingly reluctant to adopt such recommendations. This article argues that the likelihood of German decision makers implementing new, and especially soft, ethics measures depends on the demand for such measures, on the one hand, and their supply, on the other. The analysis shows that contradictory forces have an impact on Germany. The demand for new ethics measures is relatively low as a high level of hard ethics measures incorporated in the longstanding formal legal system of rules and regulations make the implementation of new measures seem unnecessary. Also, the demand for soft ethics measures is less marked in Germany than in the United Kingdom. This comparatively weak pressure meets the natural inertia caused by cognitive and institutional path–dependency in institutional choices of political decision makers. On the other hand, external bodies (such as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development – OECD) provide blueprints for soft ethics measures and encourage the implementation of uniform standards across countries. Which of these forces will prevail in the long run, however, cannot be deduced from the present situation.     

“人肉搜索”网络行为中的隐私政策

＂人肉搜索＂自产生以来,大家对其褒贬不一,最大的争议就是＂人肉搜索＂容易引发对别人隐私权的侵犯。根据搜索目的,＂人肉搜索＂主要可归为公共事件型和窥探隐私型两类,对与人格尊严没有直接关系的个人信息,在不同的＂人肉搜索＂网络行为中是否构成侵犯隐私应做具体分析、区别对待。在对＂人肉搜索＂侵犯隐私权的责任认定上,应充分考虑侵权行为、侵权产生的后果、行为与后果间的因果关系、侵权人主观过错等构成要件,而如果侵权行为是为了维护公共利益或合法取自于公共场所,则可成为抗辩事由。     

Pedagogy of regulation: Strategies and instruments to supervise learning from adverse events

Diverse scholars have argued that standards and performance measurements are “instruments of control” that have a profound influence on the day‐to‐day lives of individuals and organizations, causing constitutive effects. Regulatory bodies increasingly use standards to oversee and monitor the regulated. This paper discusses the Dutch Health and Youth Care Inspectorate's use of both standards and a performance measurement system introduced to monitor how Dutch hospitals investigate and learn from serious adverse events. Rather than focusing on how standards affect regulated practices and organizations, our study examines how the use of these instruments affects the standard maker, that is, the Inspectorate. We explore how the Inspectorate's work practices, standards, and coupled performance measurement system influence its regulatory pedagogy, reviewing practices, and decisionmaking. We conclude that standards and performance measurement systems are not by definition “instruments of control” as their constitutive effects are (under)determined by the relationships in which they are enacted.     

关于新农村乡风文明建设问题的思考

当前我国部分农村仍存在乡风不文明的现象。造成乡风失范的原因包括多元文化的冲击、农民整体素质偏低、文化资源欠缺、基层干部不够重视、制度不健全等。为此,我们应当从伦理建构、宣传教育、加大投入、干部带头、制度建设等方面加强乡风文明建设。