浅议我国夫妻约定财产制及其完善

我国的夫妻财产制是法定财产制与约定财产制相结合.有约定从约定,无约定从法定.本文从我国实行夫妻约定财产制的意义和作用入手、对夫妻约定财产制的基本内容作论述,在此基础上,分析现行夫妻约定财产制的不足,提出完善建议.     

论我国夫妻约定财产制的立法与完善

夫妻约定财产制是夫妻财产制度的重要内容之一,而我国现行婚姻法对其规定却不甚完善,本文拟从考察我国夫妻约定财产制的现状和不足,提出今后进一步补充和完善的建议。     

论我国夫妻约定财产制的立法与完善

夫妻约定财产制是夫妻财产制度的重要内容之一，而我国现行婚姻法对其规定却不甚完善，本文拟从考察我国夫妻约定财产制的现状和不足，提出今后进一步补充和完善的建议。     

论夫妻财产制

夫妻财产制是婚姻法学领域一项十分重要的制度,是婚姻中夫妻权利义务关系的重要组成部分。本文根据2001年《婚姻法》的规定和当前的实际,对我国夫妻共同财产制、约定财产制以及个人特有财产制的现状进行了探讨,并提出了我国夫妻财产制存在的缺陷及立法完善。     

婚前财产公证的现状与未来

一、婚前财产公证的由来与发展 （一）婚前财产公证的产生 我们应当先了解夫妻财产制。夫妻财产制亦称婚姻财产制．是规范夫妻之间财产关系的法律制度，兼具身份法和财产法的双重属性．其内容包括夫妻婚前财产和婚后所得财产的归属、管理、使用、收益、处分以及与此密切相关的财产责任等问题。夫妻财产制的内容，一般分为共同财产制、分别财产制和约定财产制三种情形。共同财产制是指以夫妻一体主义为原则．将夫妻双方财产的一部分或全部合并为共有财产，夫妻双方按共同共有原则行使权利．承担义务，直至婚姻关系终止时才予以分割。     

对进一步完善夫妻财产制度的立法思考

夫妻财产制是规定夫妻之间财产关系的一项重要的婚姻家庭法律制度。本文首先对我国的夫妻财产制度进行概述,然后针对当前时期下夫妻财产制度存在的缺陷提出对现行的夫妻财产制进行完善。     

夫妻财产制度完善之浅析

夫妻财产制是我国婚姻家庭法中一项非常重要的制度,是婚姻家庭生活正常运转的物质保证,明确了婚姻当事人各方对婚姻和家庭的法律责任。本文通过分析我国现行婚姻法及有关司法解释在夫妻财产制的规定上存在的缺陷,提出了完善夫妻财产制立法的若干建议。     

构建我国的非常财产制

在夫妻共同生活的过程当中,夫妻财产是家庭生活物质保证,同时也是夫妻间权利义务实现和履行的物质基础。一个完善的夫妻财产制度在一个国家的法制建设有着重大的意义。夫妻财产制分为在一般情况下适用的普通财产制和在特殊情况下适用的非常财产制,我国目前没有非常财产制的规范体系。本文通对各国非常财产制的总结,希望对我国的非常财产制的立法起到促进作用。     

我国夫妻财产制立法若干问题探讨

新近征求全民意见的婚姻法司法解释(三)草案凸现我国夫妻财产制立法存在诸多问题。我国现行法定夫妻财产制是婚后所得共同制。对法定夫妻共同财产范围的界定应遵循婚后所得推定共有的准则,其法理依据是夫妻之间存在的协力关系。夫妻财产制契约是夫妻之间就采用何种类型的夫妻财产制所订立的协议。夫妻财产制契约与一般财产契约不同,其直接产生夫妻财产法上的效力,即以双方当事人选定的财产制度替代法定财产制的适用。无论法定共同财产制还是约定共同财产制都存有一定缺陷。在我国夫妻财产制结构中增设非常财产制可以弥补共同财产制之不足。     

论现行夫妻财产制的缺陷与重构——从规范婚姻对外财产责任的角度

婚姻对外财产责任是夫妻财产制的重要内容,是指夫妻一方或双方参与交易活动时,其行为是否以夫妻共同财产或个人财产承担责任,包括未参与交易的夫妻一方是否要对配偶的交易行为承担责任的问题。夫妻财产制涉及交易安全,直接影响到整个社会经济的安全。从规范婚姻对外财产责任的角度审视现行夫妻财产制,我们可以发现现行夫妻财产制的诸多不完善之处。     

论夫妻约定财产制度的适用困境——由夫妻二人公司出资协议性质争议引发的思考

夫妻二人出资所创办的公司,其股东出资协议的性质存在一定的争议,如何界定并厘清夫妻二人公司,讨论夫妻财产制契约的性质和夫妻二人公司的股东出资协议的性质则显得十分必要,揭示我国夫妻财产制的立法不足,探究解决办法也相当重要。夫妻财产制契约是身份契约,夫妻二人公司的股权出资协议不是夫妻财产制契约。要完善婚姻法律制度必须改变“一事一议”的立法模式。     

中外夫妻财产立法比较研究——兼论我国《民法典·婚姻家庭编》中夫妻财产立法

本文通过对中外夫妻财产立法的比较研究 ,找寻各国夫妻财产立法差异性的深层次原因 ,以为我国在民法法典化过程中 ,作为婚姻家庭法重要组成部分的夫妻财产关系的制度化、系统化、完备化提供参考     

私有财产权与法律改革--1978-2003中国法律改革史考察

中国1978年至2003年的法律改革是围绕着确立和保护私有财产权来进行的.私法领域的改革确立了私法财产权,公法领域的改革确立了公法财产权.私法财产权和公法财产权的结合构成了完整意义上的私有财产权制度.2004年通过的宪法第22条修正案同时规定了私法财产权和公法财产权,是对中国25年法律改革的概括和总结.     

A Web-based Decision Support System for Divorce Lawyers

This paper discusses the design and development of a prototype web based expert system for calculating financial provision awards when a couple divorce in Scotland. The function of the system is primarily to help trainee lawyers to understand the structure and content of the matrimonial property and divorce domain, and to access case law available on the web in a systematic fashion. The system currently focuses on evaluating what property belonging to the parties should be included in "matrimonial property". We felt that an expert systems approach was appropriate for the domain of financial provision on divorce, since the modelling and application of expertise by an expert system is thought to be helpful in promoting "active learning". An e-commerce style interface was used for gathering information, and the complete text of the Family Law (Scotland) 1985 is also available in the system, often with hyperlinks to the main narrative body of the system. The system is designed to support an advisory, negotiating or mediatory role, rather than an adversarial one, since Scottish solicitors have a preference for seeking consensual negotiated settlements. A practical and useful future extension to the system would be to permit the drafting of electronic documents resulting from negotiated settlements, such as minutes or joint minutes of agreement.     

房产税改革正当性的五维建构

房产税改革是当前我国财税体制改革中的焦点、重点和难点,其正当性建构必须得到重视。在现行法律框架下,有关土地公有制和双重征税的质疑能够化解,存量房产具有可税性。房产税改革的正当性可分解为五个维度:一是征税正当,应以完善财产税制为直接目的,组织收入的功能则需经由整体性的税费结构调整来渐进地实现。二是定税正当,应以税负适度为核心,合理确定计税依据、税率及税收优惠。三是管税正当,应完善房产评估等配套制度,建立以纳税申报为主体的新型征纳模式。四是用税正当,应强化地方财政支出的公共性,形成地方财政收支健康运转的良性循环。五是程序正当,应以制定房产税法的形式推进改革,通过改革路径的法治化和可参与化来增强其民意基础。     

虚拟财产应纳入夫妻共同财产——兼论网络游戏中虚拟财产的归属

随着网络游戏的普及,网络游戏逐渐成为某些人的一种职业,在夫妻生活中夫（妻）一方或双方玩网游的也不在少数,关于网络游戏中的虚拟财产之争已频繁出现。无形财产在婚姻家庭领域顺应时代潮流被纳入夫妻共同财产已是大势所趋,在离婚时应当由专门的评估机构对网络游戏虚拟财产价值进行评估,将其作为夫妻共同财产进行分割。     

论我国婚姻家庭立法的价值取向——兼议夫妻财产约定

我国婚姻家庭立法与私法具有一致的价值取向,即正义。但婚姻家庭关系有其特殊性,因而作为身份法又有其自身特点,应以公平价值优先于自由与平等价值。在夫妻财产约定的效力问题上更应体现公平的价值取向。     

Inheritance,succession, and familial transfer in rural Westphalia, 1800–1900

This article compares property transfer contracts between generations in two Prussian parishes where marital law differed significantly in the 19th century. Our sources focus on two critical phases in peasants' life cycles at the time. Whereas young people could find the resources to settle down, the older generation had to plan for their retirement. Although sons had a better chance of inheriting the farm, female successors were not rare. A peasant daughter's overall prospects of becoming a peasant by inheriting her parent's farm or marrying a farm successor were almost as good as her brother's. The situation for older women, however, was subject to their legal standing with regards to marital property. When couples held joint marital property, men and women had the same opportunities to arrange for retirement. In contrast, when couples held separate marital property and male succession prevailed, older women were at an evident disadvantage.     

Repression and incitement: A critical demographic,feminist, and transnational analysis of birth control in Estonia, 1920–1939

This article addresses the role of inheritance in the economic well-being of widows in early modern urban Holland. It discusses marital property law and inheritance law, as well as inheritance practices, by analysing marriage contracts and wills. The egalitarian distribution of property and the strong commitment to the nuclear family embedded in law was strengthened by wills. Widows benefited from these tendencies. A comparison with English law points to the strong position of Dutch widows. The legal system enabled widows to continue the household after the death of their spouses and in this respect their situation was remarkably similar to that of widowers.