病毒性心肌炎致死者心肌中VCAM-1和caspase-3的表达

目的观察病毒性心肌炎致死者心肌组织中血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)的表达及分布特点,探讨病毒性心肌炎的发病、致死机制。方法收集病毒性心肌炎致死案例20例作为实验组,交通事故致创伤性、失血性休克死亡案例10例作为对照组,取心肌组织切片进行VCAM-1及caspase-3免疫组织化学染色后显微镜下观察,经图像分析和统计学处理,比较两组染色后VCAM-1及caspase-3阳性表达的差异。结果 (1)实验组VCAM-1免疫组织化学染色阳性表达呈深棕黄色,染色部位主要位于血管内皮细胞内,对照组呈微弱阳性表达。实验组平均光密度高于对照组(P0.05)。(2)实验组caspase-3免疫组织化学染色阳性表达为棕红色颗粒,主要位于心肌血管周围炎症细胞中,实验组阳性细胞数多于对照组(P0.05)。结论 VCAM-1可能在病毒性心肌炎引起的炎症细胞渗出过程中发挥重要作用,可为病毒性心肌炎致死案例中的法医病理学诊断提供参考,而caspase-3介导的心肌细胞凋亡参与病毒性心肌炎晚期致死机制的作用不明显。     

病毒性心肌炎猝死心肌MCP-1表达及其法医学意义

目的探讨单核细胞趋化蛋白1（monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）在病毒性心肌炎（viral myocarditis,VMC）所致猝死者心肌组织中的表达及其意义。方法运用改良的免疫组织化学方法,观察VMC猝死组和对照组心肌组织中MCP-1的表达情况,应用统计学处理,比较两组间的表达差异。结果20例VMC猝死组中有17例MCP-1染色阳性;而20例非VMC猝死对照组仅4例局部散在MCP-1弱阳性表达,其余均阴性。VMC组MCP-1阳性表达率明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论MCP-1的免疫组织化学检测可作为法医病理学诊断VMC所致猝死较为客观的病理形态学指标之一。     

冠心病猝死心肌纤维连接蛋白免疫组化染色观察

目的研究纤维连接蛋白（FN）免疫组化染色对冠心病猝死（SCD）的病理学诊断价值。方法用兔抗人FN多克隆抗体对人SCD心肌、颅脑损伤和病毒性心肌炎致死者心肌进行FN-SP免疫组化染色观察，用图像分析处理系统对FN免疫组织化学染色阳性反应产物面积定量，所得数据进行统计分析。结果SCD组16例心肌组织内FN大量沉积；颅脑损伤致死组心肌细胞内FN染色阴性，病毒性心肌炎致死组部分心肌细胞内FN阳性；3组心肌细胞内的阳性反应面积存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。冠心病猝死组阳性反应面积（μm^2）为54143．28±8474．92；颅脑损伤致组阳性反应面积（μm^2）为527．99±105．04；病毒性心肌炎组阳性反应面积（μm^2）为5483．53±1219．91。结论冠心病猝死者心肌FN免疫组化检测可为死因诊断提供可靠依据。     

肌红蛋白诊断早期心肌梗死的特异性研究

目的　探讨肌红蛋白在早期心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性。方法　应用免疫组织化学S -P法检测梗死心肌和其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌肌红蛋白染色的变化。结果　梗死心肌均可见不同程度的肌红蛋白缺染 ,其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌中 ,如心脏挫伤、心肌炎、出血性休克、电击死、机械性窒息、有机磷中毒等 ,也有不同程度的肌红蛋白缺染。结论　应用肌红蛋白免疫组织化学方法诊断早期心肌梗死需慎重     

肌红蛋白诊断早期心肌梗死的特异性研究

目的 探讨肌红蛋白在早期心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性。方法 应用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法检测梗死心肌和其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌肌红蛋白染色的变化。结果 梗死心肌均可见不同程度的肌红蛋白缺染,其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌中,如心脏挫伤、心肌炎、出血性休在克、电击死、机械性窒息、有机磷中毒等,也有不同程度的肌红蛋白缺染。结论 应用肌红蛋白免疫组织化学方法诊断早期心梗死慎重。     

结蛋白诊断早期心肌梗死的特异性研究

目的　探讨结蛋白在早期心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性。方法　应用免疫组织化学S -P法检测梗死心肌和其他非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌结蛋白染色的变化。结果梗死心肌均可见不同程度的结蛋白缺染 ,其他非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌中 ,如心脏挫伤、心肌炎、出血性休克、电击死、机械性窒息、有机磷中毒等 ,也有不同程度的结蛋白缺染。结论　应用结蛋白免疫组织化学方法诊断早期心肌梗死需慎重     

结蛋白诊断早期心肌梗死的特异性研究

目的 探讨结蛋白在早期心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性。方法 应用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法检测梗死心肌和其他非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌结蛋白染色的变化。结果 梗死心肌均可见不同程度的结蛋白缺染,其他非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肿,如心脏挫伤、心肌炎、出血性休克、电击死、机械性窒息、有机磷中毒等,也有不同程度的结蛋白缺染。 结论 应用结蛋白免疫组织化学方法诊断早期心肌梗死需慎重。     

CAR在病毒性心肌炎和扩张型心肌病心肌中的表达

目的探讨病毒性心肌炎(viral myocarditis,VMC)和扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy,DCM)的发病机制及相互关系,从而提高心源性猝死法医学鉴定的可靠性和准确性。方法对VMC组22例、DCM组20例和对照组16例的心肌组织中柯萨奇-腺病毒受体(coxsackie-adenovirus receptor,CAR)的表达进行改良的免疫组织化学研究。结果 VMC组和DCM组心肌组织细胞膜呈现深棕黄色阳性颗粒,有较高水平的CAR表达,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组染色阴性。结论 VMC和DCM组心肌中CAR的高表达,提示VMC和DCM的发病机制可能与病毒感染有关,病毒感染并破坏心肌细胞导致心肌细胞坏死,心功能受损,使VMC进展为DCM。     

对抗肌动蛋白单克隆抗体诊断早期心肌梗死的评价

为了探讨抗肌动蛋白单克隆抗体（ＨＨＦ３５）在早期心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性，作者用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法检测梗死心肌和其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌ＨＨＦ３５染色的变化。结果：梗死心肌均可见不同程度的ＨＨＦ３５缺染，其它非梗死性的直接或间接心肌损害的心肌中，如心脏挫伤、心肌炎、出血性休克、电击死、机械性窒息等，也有不同程度的ＨＨＦ３５缺染。因此用ＨＨＦ３５免疫组织化学方法诊断早期心肌梗死需慎重     

冠心病猝死心肌mcl-1蛋白检测及其意义

目的观察冠心病猝死(SCD)心肌mcl-1蛋白产物,探讨其免疫组化检测及其对SCD诊断的意义。方法运用免疫组织化学SABC法,对46例SCD和40例非猝死心肌(有冠心病和无冠心病)中mcl-1蛋白产物进行检测和观察,并比较其差异。结果(1)自症状出现至死亡,时间超过30min的SCD(36例),其心肌组织均出现mcl-1蛋白阳性染色;(2)自症状出现至死亡,时间短于30min的SCD(10例),其心肌组织mcl-1蛋白呈弱阳性染色;(3)冠心病非猝死样本(20例),4例心肌出现微弱的mcl-1蛋白阳性染色,无冠心病非猝死样本(20例)几乎没有出现阳性染色。结论心肌mcl-1蛋白的免疫组化检测可诊断自症状出现至死亡时间超过30min的SCD。     

Diagnosis of non-typical myocarditis by applying immunohistochemical method of CD68

OBJECTIVE: To make a distinction between myocarditis and the reaction to some pathological state of myocardium. METHODS: Myocardium of 26 cases with sudden cardiac death were stained and LM light microscopies with immunohistochemical method 10 cases with normal myocardium were contrasted. RESULTS: A great deal of stained positive monocyte of immunohistochemistry emerged in the parasetions of myocarditis patients with various farms and stacking(> 15). CONCLUSION: The stain of immunohistochemistry can be used as one of the indications for diagnosing non-typical myocarditis.     

Immunohistochemical techniques improve the diagnosis of myocarditis in cases of suspected sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Immunohistochemical techniques have improved the diagnosis of myocarditis. In a post mortem study, eight specimens in each case of the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded hearts of 20 suspected cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were investigated with traditional hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical methods. The hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens were examined for myocarditis according to the Dallas criteria; only in one case was a myocarditis diagnosed. The subsequent definition of the major histocompatibility complex class II antigens (HLA-DP,DQ,DR and HLA-DR), known to be enhanced in cases of myocarditis, the quantification of leucocytes with leucocyte common antigen (LCA) and characterization and quantification of T-lymphocytes using a specific marker (CD-3) allowed the definite diagnosis of myocarditis in three additional cases, six cases were found with moderate changes and ten cases without signs of inflammation.     

Cytomegalovirus-induced pneumonia and myocarditis in three cases of suspected sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): diagnosis by immunohistochemical techniques and molecularpathologic methods

Immunohistochemical and molecularpathologic techniques have improved the diagnosis of myocarditis as compared with conventional histologic staining methods done according to the Dallas criteria. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and in situ-hybridization are able to demonstrate viral infection, e.g. cytomegaloviruses in salivary glands and lungs, locations both known to be involved in cytomegalovirusinfection. However, in many cases of proved cytomegalovirusinfection the cause of death remains unclear. We report on three children younger than 1-year of age, who died suddenly without prodromal symptoms. Their deaths were attributed to SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). In situ-hybridization, immunohistochemical (LCA, CD45R0, CD68, MHC-class-II-molecules, E-selectine) and molecularpathologic investigations (PCR), however, suggested that death was caused by a cytomegalovirus-induced pneumonia or myocarditis. In the future, these methods should be used for investigating cases with suspicion of SIDS.     

实验性病毒性心肌炎纤维连接蛋白的免疫组化研究

探索轻度病毒性心肌炎的法医病理学诊断方法。以适量coxsackieB3病毒感染Balb/c小鼠 ,造成小鼠轻度病毒性心肌炎 ,对病鼠的心肌进行纤维连接蛋白的LSAB免疫组化染色。结果发现 ,心肌炎鼠心肌组织内Fn大量沉积 ,部分心肌细胞内Fn阳性。Fn -LSAB染色可显示病毒性心肌炎轻度的心肌损害 ,Fn沉积是心肌组织存在炎症性病理变化的可靠标志之一。     

病毒性心肌炎心肌碱性成纤维生长因子的实验研究

用 8只小鼠接种柯萨奇 B3病毒（ Coxsackie B3 viral CVB3）,形成病毒性心肌炎动物模型。用免疫组织化学方法对心肌碱性成纤维生长因子（ basic Fibroblast Growth Factor:bFGF）的变化进行了研究。目的是观察 CVB3对心肌的损害。结果发现小鼠感染病毒第 3天病变心肌中即有 bFGF阳性表达,并且随病程的延长其阳性程度随之增加。常规 HE染色通常在感染病毒 5天后才出现明显的镜下改变。本研究提示 bFGF可以为病毒性心肌炎早期轻微病变的判定提供帮助。     

A preliminary immunohistochemical study of fibronectin in viral myocarditis

For postmortem diagnosis of viral myocarditis, 12 specimens of heart in autopsy were studied immunohistochemically with anti-fibronectin(FN) antibody. Among 5 cases with definite or suspected myocarditis, intensive FN-positive could be found in all monocytes, macrophages and some neutrophils and there were 3 cases with FN-positive cardiomyocytes. While in 3 violent death cases with leucocytes infiltration in the interstitial tissue of myocardia, no FN-positive cardiomocytes were observed, which was the same as that of 4 case without cardiac pathological changes. Moreover, there were rarely FN-positive leucocytes in the 7 cases without viral myocarditis. The results suggest that the immunohistochemical observation of FN in myocardia might be of value for detecting slight degeneration of cardiomyocytes and determining the inflammatory leucocyte infiltration in myocarditis.     

纤维连接蛋白在诊断心肌梗死的特异性研究

探讨纤维连接蛋白 (Fn)对心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性。应用免疫组织化学和图像分析技术 ,对正常心脏、心肌梗死及其它非梗死性因素 ,如心肌炎、窒息、电击死、出血性休克、心挫伤、有机磷中毒等 ,直接或间接引起心脏损害时心肌细胞内Fn的变化进行研究。结果发现 :Fn仅在心肌梗死与心肌炎病例出现阳性反应 ,其阳性反应面积同正常对照组存在显著性差异 ,在窒息、电击死、出血性休克、心挫伤、有机磷中毒等病例未见明显阳性反应。Fn作为心肌梗死死后诊断指标仅受心肌炎的影响 ,对诊断心肌梗死具有较好的特异性     

Isolated myocarditis as a cause of sudden death in the first year of life

A series of three cases of isolated myocarditis, presenting as sudden death in infancy, occurred over a period of 3 months. This prompted a review of the autopsy records of the Children's Hospital of Winnipeg. Over a period of 40 years, 24 cases of isolated myocarditis were traced from 3196 autopsies. Most (21 of 24) cases of isolated myocarditis occurred in infants less than 12 months of age. In 16 of the infants there were either no antecedent clinical signs (sudden deaths), or a short clinical history of less than 24 h duration. Heart weights, however, were greater than the 99th percentile of published normals in three infants and above the 95th percentile in a further 16 infants. Areas of hypertrophied fibres were seen even in infants with a short history. These latter findings suggest that a latent phase of myocarditis may exist. The responsible pathogens were identified very rarely, due to a lack of suspicion of the existence of myocarditis, and it is suggested that samples of myocardium should be submitted for virologic examination in all cases of sudden death in the first year of life.     

Expression of TGF-beta 1 and proliferation of collagen in myocardium in viral myocarditis

To investigate the tissue repair of acute viral myocarditis, and to explore the diagnostic method of slight viral myocarditis in forensic pathology. Slight viral myocarditis model was induced in Balb/c murine by CVB3. Collagen proliferation in myocardium of mice with myocarditis was observed by special staining. The hearts of mice and human(9 cases) with myocarditis were studied LSAB-immunohistochemically with anti-TGF-beta 1 antibody. In the study, the proliferation of collagen was seen in myocardium in acute viral myocarditis. Generous expression of TGF-beta 1 was found in the myocardium of mice and human with myocarditis. The quantity of collagen proliferation and expression of TGF-beta 1 was positive correlation. It is concluded that the tissue repair exists in acute viral myocarditis and that positive staining of myocardium for TGF-beta 1 is a sensitive index of myocardial damage and tissue repair.     

补体C_5在心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性研究

为了探讨补体 C5在心肌梗死死后诊断的特异性,应用免疫组织化学和图像分析技术 ,对正常心脏、心肌梗死及其它非梗死性的引起直接或间接心脏损害的情况如心肌炎、窒息、电击死、出血性休克、心挫伤、有机磷中毒等心肌细胞内 C5的变化进行研究。结果发现： C5仅在心肌梗死与心肌炎病例出现阳性反应,其阳性反应面积同正常对照组存在显著性差异,在窒息、电击死、出血性休克、心挫伤、有机磷中毒等病例未见明显阳性反应。因此 C5作为心肌梗死死后诊断指标仅受心肌炎的影响,对诊断心肌梗死具有较好的特异性。