全球性问题的挑战及其治理

在当代,全球性问题日益严重.这是不同社会制度国家在经济全球化时代所面临的共同的综合性挑战.能否正确地认识和解决这些全球性问题,将直接关系到21世纪不同社会制度国家的共同命运.     

划时代变迁中的大国关系

当今世界的大国关系进入一个崭新时期,这既不同于前两个世纪的以西方为中心的全球化,也不同于更早之前的前现代的古典时代。现代化、工业化和官僚化的核心国家越来越多,遍布全球,许多人口众多的国家也位列其中。始于19世纪30、40年代的西方霸权,在21世纪初期归于终结。世界也从以西方为中心的全球化演变到一个权力分布更为分散的"无中心的全球化"。在这一时期,若干新形势、新特点将影响大国关系:权力和地位分布更为分散、暴力的概念有所变化、意识形态光谱窄化、稳固的国际社会、广泛的全球性问题,以及认同的复杂化。为此,未来的大国行为应为非霸权化、负责任及在意识形态上保持谦卑态度等。     

重新认识和发现“全球时代”

<正>"全球时代"(Global Age)较早是由英国学者马丁·阿尔布劳(Martin Albrow)在1996年提出的。他指出,全球时代最根本的特质就是全球性(Globality)。1蔡拓教授则将全球性概括为主体的全球性、空间的全球性、制度的全球性和价值的全球性四个维度。2进入21世纪以来,全球时代的内容与表征有了不同以往的新的重要特质,这些新特质为我们重新认识和思考21世纪全球     

全球治理的趋势及我国的战略选择

进入21世纪后,国际政治领域最引人注目的发展之一,便是全球治理作为一种理论思潮与实践活动的兴起。全球化将各民族国家的命运前所未有地联结在一起,只有依靠全球治理,才能有效解决人类所面临的许多全球性问题,确立真正的全球秩序。所谓全球治理,指的是通过具有约束力的国     

全球性问题对中东地区发展的影响

全球性问题是人类社会共同面临的超越国家和区域界限的普遍性问题.全球性问题需要全球治理才能得到改变.廓清全球性问题及其对中东地区发展的影响,是推动中东治理的基本前提.西方国家一方面将全球性问题带到中东地区,阻断了该地区既有发展道路,加剧了该地区的发展困境和安全困境;另一方面又在中东地区制造一系列新问题,许多问题又外溢为地区性和全球性问题,而这些问题相互影响,加剧了中东地区的动荡程度,增加了治理难度.应对全球性问题及其对中东地区的冲击,需要提升中东国家治理能力,倡导构建人类命运共同体理念,推进全球性问题和中东地区性问题的协同共治.     

资本主义民主的危机

20世纪70年代以来的新自由主义时代是公司俘获国家和通往"后民主制度"的时代吗?如果是的话,那么自2007年国际危机以来新自由主义的失败和各国对全球金融的救助会预示着民主政治重新获得超过自由市场经济的优先地位吗?2007—2009年"大衰退"仍然可能演变成21世纪的"大萧条",现在分析它的后果还为时尚早。然而,当前的危机提出了关于资本主义和民主的本质的根本问题。官僚国家主义和市场自由主义的聚合主要与     

经济全球化的发展及其两重性

人类的经济活动从社会化向国际化和全球化演进,是历史发展的必然趋势和不以人们意志为转移的客观进程。随着世界经济国际化程度的不断提高和必要条件的出现,20世纪90年代以来,世界经济进入全球化发展的新阶段。 经济全球化发展的新特点 经济全球化作为世界经济发展的新阶段还处在初期,具有不同于此前阶段的新特点。 第一,市场经济成为全球性经济体制,世界统一的市场体系形成和发展。所谓市场经济,是指在经济运行中,资源的配置主要由市场导向。20世纪80年代以来,越来越多的国家放弃传统的计划经济或内向型民族保护主义经济模式,采用市场经济模式并以此为本国经济与世界经济对接     

论反腐败的法治意义

腐败是一个全球性问题,在我国腐败问题尤为严重,危及并破坏法律的权威和有效实施,危及国家政权稳定;腐败与法治是水火不容的,法治是解决腐败问题的一剂良药,反腐败是建设法治国家的必然要求,反腐败也为法治建设奠定良好的政治权力生态。     

亚洲下一场战争将在哪里爆发? 弧形圈:亚太的新危机地带

在伊拉克战争后,美国军方正在筹划一场全球性的军事部署调整,在美国看来,亚太地区已成为攸关美国21世纪国家安全的最重要的地区,特别是号称“冷战活化石”的朝鲜半岛对峙局面有更加激化的危险,因此在该地区也将成为此次军事调整的重点环节。     

新冠肺炎疫情与全球卫生外交

卫生议题与外交的融合以及全球卫生外交的兴起是全球化的必然结果。此次新冠肺炎疫情带来的全球性危机表明,人类大家庭已经形成了一个安危与共、守望相助的命运共同体。各国实施的各种疫情防控政策和行动凸显了全球卫生外交所面临的问题,反映了全球卫生外交在未来全球化进程中的发展方向。卫生议题与外交手段的结合把卫生和健康问题提到国家政治议程的前列,从政治层面促进国家间的合作,有利于加速实现全球卫生健康目标。但是,一些国家利用卫生议题追求政治目标,这种将卫生问题政治化的行为,阻碍了国际合作,制约了卫生问题的解决。此次新冠肺炎疫情将提升全球卫生外交的地位,使之成为未来外交学研究和外交实践的重要领域。     

新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系的影响 ——兼谈中国在全球治理体系重塑中的新作用

2020年全球暴发的新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系中的经济与政治均产生了重大影响,并加速了当今世界百年未有之大变局。自从人类社会进入资本主义阶段,现代世界体系便开始形成,并在百余年前发展成为全球性体系。这一体系内部始终存在着最为基本的两对矛盾——资本主义生产社会化与生产资料私有制之间的矛盾和主权国家与资本主义世界市场之间的矛盾,这两对基本矛盾推动了现代世界体系中的百年未有之大变局。新冠肺炎疫情对现代世界体系中的世界市场经济体系和以主权国家为主体的国际政治体系产生了冲击,加剧了世界经济动能转换以及国际格局和力量对比的深刻变化。在当今世界面临百年未有之大变局的时候,以中国为首的新兴大国在全球治理体系重塑中将发挥新的作用。     

Sectoral linkages at the beginning of the 21st century: The role of Polish economy in global production structures

This paper provides a first attempt in analyzing the role of Polish economy in the production structure of the global economy in the early years of the 21st century. For the purpose of this analysis, we propose a new approach in which two most important aspects of interindustry linkages in a global input-output model are examined. Contrary to previous studies focused on output-oriented key sector analyses in post-communist CEE economies, we focus on a fundamental policy target variable – income per gross output. In order to analyze the issues in question in a dynamic framework, the empirical results are based on the 2000 and 2014 global intercountry input-output tables for the 28 EU countries as well as 15 other major countries in the world.     

China's Relations with India's Neighbours: From Threat Avoidance to Alternative Development Opportunity

Abstract

China, once seen as a threat by the states of South Asia, is now viewed correctly as an alternative development opportunity. The unprecedented success of the Chinese development model places it as an obvious alternative to that offered by India—or indeed by the Western model of development—but what implications does this have for the middle and small powers that surround India, and indeed for India and the Western developed world? The fundamental rationale for China's relations with South Asia has changed radically, but the Sino-centric nature of Chinese foreign policy remains. Uniquely, for India's neighbours, but also for the global political economy as a whole, Chinese economic power raises political issues of human security, economic interdependence, and the relationship between physical infrastructure and the benefits of global public goods. The Chinese necessity to tranship through South Asia is identified as a complex new reality for the great power.     

Beck's cosmopolitan politics

This article evaluates Ulrich Beck's cosmopolitan global politics. I argue that areas where Beck sees bases for communal and cosmopolitan politics are structured by power, inequality and conflict. Beck has a conflict perspective on local responses to globalization but this is not carried through to his global politics. There are issues that need to be tackled at a global level but I argue that this will have to be done on the basis of conflicting interests, power and nation-states as much as through global cosmopolitanism and co-operation.     

Poland's conception of European security and Russia

This article examines the problem of contemporary bilateral relations between Poland and Russia. Its thesis largely attributes the rivalry of these two states in Eastern Europe to conceptions relating to the balancing and bandwagoning of power. This rivalry can be put down to the fact that Polish-Russian relations are being developed within broader global processes such as Russia's relations with NATO, the USA and European Union. The greatest obstacle to the maintenance of mutually beneficial relations is the sensitive issue of security. In recent years Poland has consistently underlined its willingness to reinforce NATO's mutual defense mechanisms by supporting the organization's continued presence in Central-Eastern Europe. This issue has been compounded by Poland's striving to bring the countries of Eastern Europe (especially Ukraine) into closer affiliation with Western institutions favoring European integration, which is evidently perceived as interference in what is regarded by Moscow to be a sphere of Russian influence. This has provoked a number of serious crises in bilateral relations between Poland and Russia since the Euro-Maidan Revolution in Ukraine. Russian plans to install new (Iskander) missile systems close to the Polish border and Poland's effective attempts post-2014 to extend NATO presence within its own country testify to the scale of conflicts of interest between the two states and the lack of trust afforded by both sides. The issues highlighted in this paper are of great importance, since they not only enable the complexity of Central European issues to be more fully comprehended but also help to elucidate other global actors' conceptions relating to cooperation with Europe.     

Beware of Back-Door Protectionism

As the global financial crisis emanating from the United States shuts down world markets, can globalization survive? Will the resurgent intrusion of the state—and thus politics—into the market lead to protectionism and collapse, as was the case in the early 20th century? Or will the new interconnectivity of climate change and mutual economic dependence—especially between China and the US—deepen global links? The former mayor of Shanghai, legendary Nobel economist Paul Samuelson and Third Way guru Anthony Giddens ponder those questions in this section.     

Swedish Lessons

As the global financial crisis emanating from the United States shuts down world markets, can globalization survive? Will the resurgent intrusion of the state—and thus politics—into the market lead to protectionism and collapse, as was the case in the early 20th century? Or will the new interconnectivity of climate change and mutual economic dependence—especially between China and the US—deepen global links? The former mayor of Shanghai, legendary Nobel economist Paul Samuelson and Third Way guru Anthony Giddens ponder those questions in this section.     

Bring Back the State

As the global financial crisis emanating from the United States shuts down world markets, can globalization survive? Will the resurgent intrusion of the state—and thus politics—into the market lead to protectionism and collapse, as was the case in the early 20th century? Or will the new interconnectivity of climate change and mutual economic dependence—especially between China and the US—deepen global links? The former mayor of Shanghai, legendary Nobel economist Paul Samuelson and Third Way guru Anthony Giddens ponder those questions in this section.     

Economic Crisis Can Deepen Global Links

As the global financial crisis emanating from the United States shuts down world markets, can globalization survive? Will the resurgent intrusion of the state—and thus politics—into the market lead to protectionism and collapse, as was the case in the early 20th century? Or will the new interconnectivity of climate change and mutual economic dependence—especially between China and the US—deepen global links? The former mayor of Shanghai, legendary Nobel economist Paul Samuelson and Third Way guru Anthony Giddens ponder those questions in this section.     

Has the Financial Crisis Killed Consumerism?

As the global financial crisis emanating from the United States shuts down world markets, can globalization survive? Will the resurgent intrusion of the state—and thus politics—into the market lead to protectionism and collapse, as was the case in the early 20th century? Or will the new interconnectivity of climate change and mutual economic dependence—especially between China and the US—deepen global links? The former mayor of Shanghai, legendary Nobel economist Paul Samuelson and Third Way guru Anthony Giddens ponder those questions in this section.