我国部分地区新城疫病毒分子流行病学研究

将来自江苏、浙江、上海、福建、江西和新疆6省(市、自治区)的10株新城疫病毒(NDV)分离株经克隆纯化,用反转录PCR扩增其F基因9×102bp片段,测定序列,通过与国内外已发表的NDV F基因部分序列进行比较,测定的10个分离株分别属于Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ3个基因型.其中近年流行的基因Ⅲ型病毒与同属于该型的经典强毒F48E8的同源性较低,约为92%;明显小于近年流行的基因Ⅲ型毒株之间的同源性(＞99%);近年分离的NDVⅥ型毒株之间的同源性和Ⅶ型NDV毒株之间的同源性为92%-96%.从各毒株的分离时间来看,新基因型NDV毒株不断出现,而原有的NDV强毒也能分离到.     

黑龙江省和河北省鸡新城疫病毒分离株的遗传变异分析

利用 RT PCR 技术扩增出了 4 株 NDV 分离株(HeB 4 99, HeB 5 99、HeB 6 02 和HLJ 10 02)F基因539 bp的片段,将该片段克隆到 pMD 18 T载体上。经酶切分析、质粒 PCR鉴定及核苷酸序列测定,成功获得了4株 NDV分离株 F基因部分片段的重组质粒。同源性分析显示,4株分离毒株的核苷酸序列具有 95.9%~100%的同源性,与 LaSota的核苷酸序列同源性为81.0%~81.8%,与F48E9的核苷酸序列同源性达85.8%~89.3%。推导氨基酸序列分析表明,4个毒株F蛋白的裂解位点氨基酸组成为112RRQKRF117,具有强毒株裂解位点氨基酸组成特点,与ICPI和MDT测定结果相吻合。73株NDV毒株的系统发育进化树分析表明,HeB 4 99、HeB 5 99、HeB 6 02和HLJ 10 02均归属于基因Ⅶ型。     

新城疫病毒广东分离株HN基因的克隆与序列分析

用RT PCR方法从6个新城疫病毒(NDV)广东分离株中扩增HN基因cDNA片段,并将其克隆至pGEM T Easy载体进行核苷酸序列测定。结果表明,6个NDV分离株 HN基因片段长度均为1 704 bp,编码568个氨基酸;彼此间核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为 96.0%~99.8%和98.6%~100%,与其他基因Ⅶ型毒株的氨基酸序列同源性为 96.8%~98.4%;但与其他基因型毒株如D26、Ulster/67、B1、LaSota以及GB Texas的氨基酸同源性较低,为88.2%~91.0%。     

四株鸽Ⅰ型副黏病毒的分离鉴定及基因型分析

为掌握安徽省鸽Ⅰ型副黏病毒病的流行特点及其与鸡新城疫各分离株的相互关系,对从安徽省不同鸽场鸽病料中分离的4株病毒(AH-2012、AH-2012-1、AH-2012-2、AH-2012-3),采用RT-PCR、血清学试验及基因序列测定等方法进行鉴定。结果显示,这些分离株均具有血凝性,并能使NDV标准阳性血清特异性抑制;PCR扩增出F基因特异性目的片段,其核苷酸序列与GenBank上登录的鸽Ⅰ型副黏病毒的同源性较高,相似性达94.8%;与传统的鸡源新城疫病毒标准株LaSota、F48E9的同源性较低,相似性约为80%;F基因编码蛋白的第112～117位氨基酸序列为R-R-Q-K-R-F。结果表明,这些毒株为鸽Ⅰ型副黏病毒,属于基因Ⅵ型。     

四株广东鸽源新城疫病毒的生物学特性

采用RT-PCR方法从广东省分离的4株鸽新城疫病毒中扩增出F和HN基因片段,并对其进行克隆及序列分析,另外对该4株分离株进行了致病指数的测定。结果发现,分离株NDV/GD-1的静脉接种致病指数为1.84,脑内接种致病指数为1.287 5,鸡胚平均死亡时间为78h;NDV/GD-2的静脉接种致病指数为1.55,脑内接种致病指数为1.162 5,鸡胚平均死亡时间为138h;NDV/GD-3的静脉接种致病指数为0.44,脑内接种致病指数为1.35,鸡胚平均死亡时间为126h;NDV/GD-4的静脉接种致病指数为2.51,脑内接种致病指数为1.35,鸡胚平均死亡时间为84h;分离株NDV/GD-2属于基因Ⅱ型;NDV/GD-4属于基因Ⅶd型,与广西株Gxp40亲缘关系最近;NDV/GD-1、NDV/GD-3均属于基因Ⅵ型,与云南分离株Pigeon/China/YN亲缘关系最近;比较分离株与流行的新城疫基因Ⅶ型毒株的F全基因序列以及分离株与常用疫苗株的F、HN全基因序列,发现核苷酸和氨基酸差异较大,证实这4株分离株的生物学特性均有不同程度的差异。     

新城疫病毒广西分离株F基因的克隆和序列分析

根据GenBank中登录的新城疫病毒(NDV)F基因序列设计了2 对引物,对从广西分离的10株NDV毒株的F基因进行了分段扩增和序列测定,其基因序列全长均为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸,均有6个潜在的糖基化位点。将其F基因的核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列与已发表的10株NDV 参考株的F 基因序列进行了比较。结果表明,核苷酸序列的同源性为82.6% ~98.1%,氨基酸的同源性为87.7%~98.7%。这10株NDV广西分离株在裂解位点的氨基酸序列(112R R Q K/R R F117)与NDV强毒株特征相符合。系统发育树、酶切位点分析和基因分型结果表明,10 株NDV广西分离株中GX1/00、GX2/00、GX4/00、GX6/02、GX7/02、GX9/03、GX10/03和GX11/03为基因Ⅶd亚型,GX3/00和GX5/00为基因Ⅲ型。     

F-Ⅶ型鹅源禽副黏病毒的分离及其特性研究

从辽宁省某鹅场雏鹅体内分离到 1株副黏病毒 ,该分离毒株具有血凝活性且血凝活性能被NDV标准阳性血清和鹅副黏病毒阳性血清所抑制 ,能使SPF鸡胚、非免疫鸭胚和鹅胚 10 0 %死亡 ;电镜观察见病毒颗粒呈多形性 ,多为圆形 ,有囊膜 ,直径 2 0 0nm左右 ;ELD50 为 10 8.6 /mL ,MDT为 5 6h ,ICPI为 1.94。通过RT PCR扩增出F基因 ,鉴定为基因Ⅶ型强毒株 ,测序结果为HBS2 0 9,与CH2 0 0 0的同源率为 91.8% ,从而确定分离毒株属于禽副黏病毒Ⅰ型 (APMV Ⅰ )的基因变异强毒株。动物接种试验表明 ,该毒株对鸭无致病性 ,对鹅、鸡、鸽的致病率和致死率均达10 0 %。     

一株鸵鸟源新城疫病毒的分离及其分子生物学特性

从2005年山东省某鸵鸟饲养场发病鸵鸟分离出1株新城疫病毒,命名为SD01,采用一步法RT-PCR扩增了该分离株F基因的重要功能区片段(535 bp),并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中,进行序列测定,研究了其分子生物学特性。序列分析结果表明,该分离株F基因裂解位点的氨基酸组成与NDV强毒株的特征性结构一致(112R-R-Q-K-R-F117);遗传进化分析表明,该分离株在分类地位上属于基因Ⅶd型,与目前报道的鸵鸟源和其他禽类NDV毒株基因型一样,说明目前我国流行的仍然是NDV基因Ⅶ型。提示,对于鸵鸟新城疫的防治,除进行疫苗免疫之外,采取生物安全措施也是非常重要的。     

鸡新城疫病毒强毒株的分离鉴定及其生物学特性的研究

为了探索湖北省黄冈市某鸡场在2016年9月自然发病的大批量鸡死亡的原因,为临床诊断新城疫病毒感染提供病理学依据。采集病死鸡的组织样品,经9日龄SPF鸡胚接种传代分离病毒后,利用HA和HI试验、RT-PCR扩增F基因,对分离株进行鉴定,并通过测定鸡胚最小致死剂量的平均死亡时间、1日龄雏鸡脑内接种指数及组织病理学观察评估分离株的毒力和致病性。结果,从送检的病死鸡中分离到1株NDV,命名为Chicken-China-Hubei0901-2016,简称HB0901。HB0901株F基因裂解区域氨基酸序列为112R-RQ-K-R-F117,符合强毒株特征。HB0901株与F17株同处于基因Ⅶ型分支上,其核苷酸序列同源性高达99.4%。该分离株的MDT和ICPI分别为47.8 h和1.96。显微镜下可见新城疫典型的组织病理学变化。结果表明,基因Ⅶ型新城疫毒株是导致该批鸡大量发病死亡的原因。     

鹅副黏病毒QY分离株F基因和HN基因的克隆与序列分析

根据已发表的鹅副黏病毒基因组序列,设计并合成了扩增F基因和HN基因的5对引物,利用RT-PCR的特异性扩增出了广东省清远分离株(QY株)的F基因和HN基因。然后将其克隆入pMD 18-T载体,经鉴定、测序及拼接,QY株的F基因和HN基因全序列长度分别为1 662bp和1 716 bp,分别编码553个和571个氨基酸。经与GenBank登录的几株参考毒株F基因和HN基因编码区的核苷酸序列进行比较;结果,QY株与参考毒株SF02株和LaSota株F基因的核苷酸序列同源性分别为98.3%和82.4%,HN基因的核苷酸序列同源性分别为97.2%和75.9%。     

U.S. and East Asian Integration

the U.S. is directly impacting on the future of the East Asian community. Therefore, finding ways to get along with the U.S. is crucial to the speed, direction, configuration and character of the East Asian community. In this paper, the author has analyzed the interests of the United States in East Asia and its stands towards the East Asian integration. The author concludes that it is to the interest of the United States to make more efforts to further join in the East Asian integration. And East Asia should accept and welcome the American participation.     

The Second Sino-US Maritime Security Workshop Held in CIIS

正On September 25-26,2014,CIIS and Hoover Institution,Stanford University jointly held the Second Sino-US Maritime Security Workshop in Beijing.CIIS President Qu Xing and Abraham Sofall,senior research fellow with the Hoover Institution,codelivered the opening remarks.Representatives from China's Ministry of National Defense,     

俄白哈关税同盟的发展及其影响（英文）

In recent years, the Eurasian Economic Community has developed rapidly. Because of the special relationship between the SCO and the Customs Because Customs Union, the latter will inevitably exert some influence on the development of the former, but they are not fundamentally contradictory. Since the of the establishment of the Customs Union, the trade between China and the Customs Union members grows steadily.     

CAFIU Delegation Visited Sri Lanka and Attended the Third China-Africa People's Forum in Sudan

正At the invitation of Sri Lanka-China Friendship Association(SLCFA)and Sudan Network for National Non-Governmental Organizations,a 5-member delegation led by CAFIU Deputy Secretary-General Liu Kaiyang visited Sri Lanka and attended the Third China-Africa People’s Forum held in Sudan from May 7 to 14,2014.As a member of this delegation,I had the great honor     

South Asian NGO Delegation Visiting China

正At the invitation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU),a 10-member NGO delegation composed of representatives from media,think tanks and NGOs from Bangladesh,India and Sri Lanka visited China from April 9 to 18.On the second day of arrival,the delegation visited Xicheng District Administrative Service Center.The center provides such services as     

CAFIU Honorary Vice-President Wang Zhizhen Visited Turkey,Sudan and Attended the Third China-Africa People's Forum

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Building A Platform for Understanding and Establishing Channels for Cooperation——Notes on the 2014 “Understanding & Cooperation” Dialogue

正From June 16 to 18,the 2014"UnderstandingCooperation"Dialogue and Forum on Rethinking Asia,co-hosted by CAFIU and FES and jointly organized with China Foundation for Peace and Development,was held in Tutzing,a beautiful and spacious manor located at 30km southwest of Munich.Nearly 60 delegates from more than 10Asian and European countries participated in the event,including China,Germany,Korea,Japan,     

Challenges Faced by Transitional China and Countermeasures

正The socio-economic transition of China features the transformation from planned economy to market economy,from an agrarian society to an urban society,from an industrial society to an information society,and from a poverty-stricken society to an affluent society.Reform is theprerequisite and driving force of transition.Both transition and reform will confront with various resistances,obstacles,problems and hardships.     

China's Development:Implications for Asian Economy

正In 2013,under the circumstance of meager recovery and continued sluggish economic growth of the whole world,China’s economy still maintained a growth rate of 7.7 per cent and the economic aggregate jumped onto a new stage-it was predicted that the share of China’s economy in the global aggregate could exceed 12 per cent compared with only 2% in 1980.The status of China as an important global economic power has been entrenched and the rise of the manufacturing     

China's Soft Power

正"Soft Power" is a concept developed by a Harvard University professor Joseph Nye in a 1990 book Bound to Lead:The Changing Nature of American Power to describe the ability to attract and co-opt rather than coerce,get others to want the outcomes you want.