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51.
Modeling Micro-Level Crime Location Choice: Application of the Discrete Choice Framework to Crime at Places 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wim Bernasco 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2010,26(1):113-138
Discrete choice recently emerged as a new framework for analyzing criminal location decisions, but has thus far only been
used to study the choice amongst large areas like census tracts. Because offenders also make target selection decisions at
much lower levels of spatial aggregation, the present study analyzes the location choices of offenders at detailed spatial
resolutions: the average unit of analysis is an area of only 18 residential units and 40 residents. This article reviews the
discrete choice and spatial choice literature, justifies the use of geographic units this small, and argues that because small
spatial units depend strongly on their environment, models are needed that take into account spatial interdependence. To illustrate
these points, burglary location choice data from the Netherlands are analyzed with discrete choice models, including the spatial
competition model. 相似文献
52.
Muriel D. Van Doorn Susan J. T. Branje Wim H. J. Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(1):97-107
In this study, changes in three conflict resolution styles in parent–adolescent relationships were investigated: positive
problem solving, conflict engagement, and withdrawal. Questionnaires about these conflict resolution styles were completed
by 314 early adolescents (M = 13.3 years; 50.6% girls) and both parents for four consecutive years. Adolescents’ reported use of positive problem solving
increased with mothers, but did not change with fathers. Fathers reported an increase of positive problem solving with adolescents,
whereas mothers reported no change. Adolescents’ use of conflict engagement was found to temporarily increase with mothers,
but showed no change with fathers. Mothers and fathers reported a decrease in conflict engagement with adolescents. Adolescents’
use of withdrawal with parents increased, although this increase was temporarily with mothers. Mothers reported no change
in withdrawal, whereas fathers’ use of withdrawal increased. Generally, we found that both adolescents and their parents changed
in their use of conflict resolution from early to middle adolescence. These results show that conflict resolution in parent–adolescent
relationships gradually change in favor of a more horizontal relationship. 相似文献
53.
Wim Kerkhoff Ivo Alberink Ph.D. Erwin J.A.T. Mattijssen M.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(1):239-243
In this study, the cartridge case ejection patterns of six different Glock model pistols (one specimen per model) were compared under three conditions: firing with a loaded magazine, an empty magazine, and without magazine. The distances, covered by the ejected cartridge cases given these three conditions, were compared for each of the six models. A significant difference was found between the groups of data for each of the tested specimens. This indicates that it is important that, to reconstruct a shooting scene incident based on the ejection patterns of a pistol, test shots are fired with the same pistol type and under the correct magazine condition. 相似文献
54.
Keeping Secrets from Parents: Advantages and Disadvantages of Secrecy in Adolescence 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Finkenauer Catrin Engels Rutger C. M. E. Meeus Wim 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2002,31(2):123-136
Traditional views regard secrecy as problematic, and associated research among adults almost exclusively focuses on its physical and psychological disadvantages for the secret-keeper. Contrary to this negative view on secrecy, this paper proposes that secrecy may have developmental functions that bear particular importance in the period of adolescence. Specifically, it should be associated with adolescents' feeling of emotional autonomy. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the links between secrecy and psychosocial well-being and emotional autonomy among 227 younger (12–13 years) and older (16–18 years) adolescents. Results showed that keeping secrets from parents is associated with physical and psychological disadvantages in adolescence. Confirming the prediction, however, secrecy was also related to adolescents' emotional autonomy. The theoretical and empirical implications of our findings are discussed in the context of adolescent development. 相似文献
55.
Adequate pricing of environmental goods is essential for the sustainable management of natural resources. It is not easy, however, to place a value on natural resources, because the excludability problem makes it difficult to protect natural resources from unpaid use and to exercise property rights over them. This article discusses the achievements and limitations of current natural-resource policies from the perspectives of efficiency and equity. It argues that a trust fund operating via market-based transactions is a promising approach to help to achieve simultaneously the goals of efficiency, sustainability, and poverty reduction, provided that property rights to the environmental resources are distributed fairly within current generations, as well as between present and future generations. 相似文献
56.
Lynn Janssen Manon Jacobs Nancy Vanderheyden Bram Bekaert Wim Van de Voorde Ronny Decorte 《Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series》2009,2(1):123-124
Free fluorescent dyes from PCR primers or amplification products can interfere with the interpretation of STR alleles in an electropherograph especially when the profiles have a low signal intensity. These artefacts can be removed by using a simple procedure based on BigDye® XTerminator™. This procedure requires limited amounts of PCR product, allows to do several loadings on a capillary sequencer starting from the same purified PCR product and also increases the sensitivity for detection of less amplified loci. 相似文献
57.
Stijn Van Petegem Wim Beyers Katrijn Brenning Maarten Vansteenkiste 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(12):1837-1846
The present investigation focuses on the associations between adolescents’ insecure attachment styles (i.e., anxiety and avoidance) and their autonomous functioning in family decision making. In line with recent insights in the construct of adolescent autonomy, we combined two perspectives on autonomy, differentiating between the degree of independent versus dependent functioning and the self-endorsed and pressuring motives underlying (in)dependent functioning. A longitudinal sample of 327 adolescents (age range = 13–20 years; 64 % girls) completed questionnaires on attachment to the mother and father and on both autonomy operationalisations on two measurement moments spanning a 1-year interval. Structural equation modeling showed that attachment avoidance generally was unrelated to the degree of independent decision making and the motives underlying independent decision making, but related to more pressuring motives for dependent decision making. Anxiety, on the other hand, was associated with a lower degree of independent decision making as well as with more pressuring motives for both independent and dependent decision making. Cross-lagged paths were generally in line with these findings. Theoretical implications are outlined in the discussion. 相似文献
58.
59.
Identity Formation in Early and Middle Adolescents From Various Ethnic Groups: From Three Dimensions to Five Statuses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elisabetta Crocetti Monica Rubini Koen Luyckx Wim Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(8):983-996
We used three identity processes (i.e., commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment) from a recently
developed model of identity formation to derive empirically identity statuses in a sample of 1952 early and middle adolescents.
By means of cluster analysis, we identified five statuses: achievement, foreclosure, moratorium, searching moratorium, and
diffusion. Specifically, we found an intra-status differentiation within moratorium, unraveling the positive and negative
facets of this status documented in prior literature. The five clusters could be meaningfully distinguished on a number of
variables, such as personality features, psychosocial problems, and parental relationships. These findings indicated that
a valid distinction in identity statuses could be made in early and middle adolescence. Finally, age and ethnic background
strongly affected the distribution of the participants among the five identity statuses. Implications and suggestions for
future research are discussed.
Elisabetta Crocetti is a doctoral student of the University of Macerata. Crocetti’s major research interests include identity development and social relationships in adolescence and emerging adulthood. Monica Rubini is Associate Professor of Social Psychology and head of the Laboratory for the Study of Social Prejudice at the University of Bologna. She received her Ph.D. in Social Psychology from the University of Bologna. Her major research interests include intergroup relations and language, personal and social identity development. Koen Luyckx is a postdoctoral researcher at the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) in Flanders. He received his Ph.D. in Psychology from the K.U. of Leuven. His major research interests include longitudinal research, identity development and processes, parenting, and adolescent well-being. Wim Meeus is Professor of Adolescent Development and chair of the Research Centre Adolescent Development of Utrecht University. He received his Ph.D. in Social Psychology from the Utrecht University. He is a specialist in longitudinal research. His major research interests include identity and personality development, personal relationships and psychosocial problems in adolescence. 相似文献
Wim MeeusEmail: |
Elisabetta Crocetti is a doctoral student of the University of Macerata. Crocetti’s major research interests include identity development and social relationships in adolescence and emerging adulthood. Monica Rubini is Associate Professor of Social Psychology and head of the Laboratory for the Study of Social Prejudice at the University of Bologna. She received her Ph.D. in Social Psychology from the University of Bologna. Her major research interests include intergroup relations and language, personal and social identity development. Koen Luyckx is a postdoctoral researcher at the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) in Flanders. He received his Ph.D. in Psychology from the K.U. of Leuven. His major research interests include longitudinal research, identity development and processes, parenting, and adolescent well-being. Wim Meeus is Professor of Adolescent Development and chair of the Research Centre Adolescent Development of Utrecht University. He received his Ph.D. in Social Psychology from the Utrecht University. He is a specialist in longitudinal research. His major research interests include identity and personality development, personal relationships and psychosocial problems in adolescence. 相似文献
60.
William W. HaleIII Inge VanderValk Joyce Akse Wim Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(8):928-940
This study of early adolescents from the general population examined the direction of effects adolescents’ depressive symptoms,
aggression, and perceived parental rejection have on one another in a longitudinal study. Over a four-year period, data were
collected yearly from 940 early adolescents (50.6% boys and 49.4% girls) who completed self-report questionnaires of depressive
symptoms, aggressive behaviors, and perceived parental rejection. The longitudinal relationships of adolescent reported depressive
symptoms, aggression, and perceived parental rejection were tested in multi-group structural equation models. The findings
of this study demonstrate that adolescents’ depressive symptoms, aggression, and perceived parental rejection can be viewed
as two unidirectional effects models that work in tandem: adolescents’ depressive symptoms longitudinally predicting perceived
parental rejection and, in turn, perceived parental rejection longitudinally predicting adolescents’ aggression. Additionally,
the strength of these effects diminished as the adolescents grew older and the effects were similar for both adolescent boys
and girls.
相似文献
William W. Hale IIIEmail: |