城市治理视域下的一九四六年上海摊贩风潮探析

抗战胜利以后,国民党上海市政当局在百业萧条、民生凋敝时期坚决整饬市容、严厉取缔摊贩,而伤及小民生计;摊贩请愿迅速升级为集体暴动,酿成了轰动性的1946年上海摊贩风潮。市政当局背离民生的执政理念及对摊贩居高临下的失衡姿态,警察与摊贩之间敌对的错位关系,使得下层民众成为激愤性社会冲突的参与者,报刊舆论成为冲突发展的催化者,原本可以妥善处理的摊贩问题变得困难起来。由于政治诉求模糊且无法实现,摊贩的悲惨境遇未能根本改变;以民主、民生做幌子而逆民意而行,国民党统治危机在摊贩风潮中被预演。在某种意义上,上海摊贩风潮成为中共动员城市底层民众的历史契机。     

Beyond the Real and the Paper Deal: The Quest for Contextual Coherence in Contractual Interpretation

Contract lawyers are often divided between two schools of thought: formalism and contextualism. In the realm of contractual interpretation, this division illuminates various debates surrounding the modern contextual approach. Ultimately, however, the divide between the ‘real and the paper deal’ does not fully reflect the relevant fault lines. The real contest is between rival interpretations attempting to make the most coherent sense of the available text and context surrounding the document. In characterising the true nature of the exercise, I draw upon theories of coherence to articulate a framework of ‘contextual coherence’ that involves concepts of competing narratives, the rational motivations of the parties, and the need for a holistic assessment of the best hypothesis, in accordance with the English courts’ ‘iterative approach’ to interpretation. I demonstrate that this framework enables us to explain and evaluate recent cases such as the UK Supreme Court decision of Arnold v Britton.     

环境纠纷解决机制的理论分析与实践检视

我国环境政策与立法已经建立了多元化的环境纠纷解决机制,然而,实践中的大量问题暴露了其存在的缺陷和不足。通过对具体案例和调查数据等实证资料的分析,概括了不同环境纠纷解决机制的利弊,并从制度设计、制度激励、制度实践等环节对现实中环境纠纷解决制度供给与实践运作相互背离的深层原因进行了探讨。最后,针对环境纠纷解决机制在实践中所暴露的问题,从完善环境纠纷解决法律机制的立法、健全环境纠纷解决的支持体系、优化制度运行环境等方面,提出了具体的建议。     

警察权益保护的现实选择

警察维权是公民维权工作中对应的一个特殊群体,警察权益应包括警察行使权力和警察享受利益两个方面,这两个方面都是法律加以规定和保护的,不容侵犯。但警察维权的现实状况不容乐观,人民警察权益保障缺位有诸多原因;有效保障人民警察的合法权益应从多方面着手。     

陈独秀的“二次革命论”再评价

"二次革命论"是陈独秀关于中国革命发展阶段的理论,这一理论在形成初期曾产生过积极作用。但是,陈独秀没有辩证地理解马克思主义,在运用马克思主义原理解决中国实际问题时犯了机械唯物论的错误,这是"二次革命论"产生的真正根源。陈独秀主张利用资本主义的积极作用,为社会主义创造必要的物质条件,这是值得肯定的,但他认为中国不能超越资本主义发展阶段则是错误的。     

Where the Action Is: Macro and Micro Justice in Contract Law

In contemporary private law theory the relationship between ‘macro’ theories of distributive justice and the ‘micro’ site of interpersonal transactions remains under-explored. In this paper, I draw on the ‘macro’ theory of justice articulated by John Rawls and offer an account of ‘micro contractual justice’ that helps us understand how the micro domains of contracting introduce particular relational constraints on the infusion of distributive considerations into contract law, resulting in constrained conception of ‘relational Rawlsianism’ operating in contractual domains. My framework provides a bridge between the macro and micro, helping us understand how they are in various senses separate yet interlocking, and also provides a ‘third way’ between all or nothing positions on the place of distributive justice in contract.     

The New Term

Russian President Vladimir Putin secured his fourth term with a land-slide victory in mid-March, winning around 76 percent of the vote. According to Russian law, Putin wil hold the post for another six years until 2024, at which point he wil have ruled the country for 20 years. During his fi rst three terms, Putin has com-mitted to rejuvenating the once powerful country. He likely intends to make several more notable contributions to guarantee his legacy in the history of Russia and the world. In his fourth term, can Putin finally realize his dream of reviving Russia, and what internal and foreign policy will he adopt to crown his long career as the head of the Russian state?     

恢复性司法的发展、挑战与选择

传统的刑事司法制度在预防与控制犯罪中遇到了难以克服的困境,在此背景下产生了恢复性司法运动。恢复性司法运动在保护被害人权利,弥补受损社会关系、帮助被告人重返社会等方面取得了巨大的成就。然而,由于传统恢复性司法在制度设计、程序规范、实施时间等方面存在诸多缺陷,因此,对其目的、效果的质疑也与日俱增。而从制度上对恢复性司法进行完善,特别是加强审前程序的司法监督和完备审理后制度设计,是恢复性司法面对挑战的新选择。     

轻重犯罪划分新论

轻重犯罪的划分根据是犯罪的社会危害性的大小，划分标准是法定刑的高低，轻重犯罪应以5年有期徒刑作为分界线，且划分模式则应采取二分法。     

谈新贸易保护主义下的国家安全审查制度——从华为、中兴收购受阻谈起

传统“国家安全”内涵延伸到经济领域导致贸易保护盛行,投资壁垒越来越多,尤以中兴、华为进入美国遭到的以国家安全审查为内容的新贸易保护阻挠为最.本文透视美国安全审查制度,分析了中国企业海外投资遭受歧视待遇的原因,以期为我国对外资的管制和促进海外投资的保护提供借鉴.