National identity and Taiwan's Mainland China policy

Taiwan is a mildly divided society—divided essentially along the lines of national identity. Indeed, there is no doubt that national identity is the dominant factor affecting Taiwan's mainland China policy. Other factors such as business interests and security concerns may enter the picture from time to time, but they often get bogged down in the national identity controversies. As a matter of fact, there is high correlation between people's attitudes toward business and security concerns and their positions on the national identity issue. The key to understanding Taiwan's mainland China policy is thus the distribution of voters on the national identity issue and how it is translated into the political fortunes of various political parties in the electoral game.     

North American first peoples: slipping up into market citizenship?

This article explores the nature of Aboriginal demands for a citizenship regime grounded in a substantive recognition of cultural difference and inherent rights in Mexico and Canada. It provides an overview of the different evolution of Aboriginal citizenship in each country but focuses on two recent development projects, the Puebla Panama Plan in Mexico and the Mackenzie Valley pipeline in Canada. These cases demonstrate the ways in which neo‐liberal globalism is reshaping the substantive recognition of Aboriginal cultural difference and inherent rights. While contemporary neo‐liberal rhetoric recognizes cultural difference, the models of development employed effectively separate territory from the ideas of self‐government, culture and identity. The article concludes that the neo‐liberal turn in the construction of Aboriginal citizenship undercuts potentially much richer conceptions of Indigenous citizenship offered by the First Peoples of North America.     

Decentralisation of service delivery as adopted by the Central District Council in Botswana

The Central District Council (CDC) in Botswana expanded service delivery to five sub‐districts in January 2000 using a model adapted from the South Somerset District Council, UK. As little data were available on the effectiveness of decentralised service delivery, officials and councillors throughout CDC were interviewed regarding their perception of the process. They not only provided recommendations for enhanced implementation but also identified some of the tensions resulting from it. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Palestinian state‐building: police and citizens as test of democracy

This article explores police‐society relations by assessing the impact of current state‐building efforts by the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) in the Gaza Strip and part of the West Bank. The article presents an outline of the emerging civilian policing model and its wider implications for citizens’ rights and the dominant political order. The specific focus of the paper rests on an examination of the potential tensions associated with the perceived need for strong coercive security structures (including the civil police) as part of state‐building efforts and the desire by the population for increased freedom and pluralism. This issue is further complicated by the ambiguous nature of the current experiment in limited autonomy underway in those areas of the West Bank and Gaza Strip where Israeli redeployment has taken place.     

The Shi'a of Saudi Arabia: a minority in search of cultural authenticity

This article focuses on the transformation of Saudi Shi'a resistance from one which centred on military confrontation in the 1980s to one which invokes searching for cultural authenticity (al‐asala al‐shi'iyya) in the 1990s. Today the struggle of the Shi'a for equal status among the Sunni majority draws attention to the attempts of Shi'a intellectuals to write their own regional history. Shi'a intellectuals and opposition leaders deconstruct official representations of themselves and provide alternative historical narratives which anchor their community in Saudi history and society, thus dismissing suggestions that they are a non‐indigenous community. This article examines Shi'a historical narratives in an attempt to understand the transformation in their struggle against discrimination in Saudi Arabia.     

《23—6Ⅱ》《快干RCP》锈转化保护剂的研究

《23-6带锈防锈剂》和《快干RCP锈转化保护剂》均是新型的钢铁表面处理剂和防蚀剂,它能直接涂盖于钢铁表面而不需预先除锈,它能于氧化铁(铁锈)互相作用、生成稳定的螯合物,使铁锈转化为稳定、坚实的覆盖层,对钢铁构件起保护作用。《23-6》曾获湖北省重大科技成果二等奖和国家科技进步二等奖,在此基础上研制的《快干RCP》已通过省级鉴定。经中国专利局文献检索证明,“国内外未见完全相同产品,经中国船检局认可颁发船用产品证书”。《快干RCP锈转化保护剂》是继《23-6Ⅱ带锈防锈剂》之后,研制出的新产品。     

美国洛杉矶地区的日裔社区

日本人在美国落籍始于1841年。美国的日裔人喜欢聚居生活,并保持着较浓郁的日本文化和生活方式,在洛杉矶形成了无数个日裔社区。但随着美国市场的变化和日裔青少年美国化的加剧,日裔社区的凝聚力正在减小。     

对成立转化型入户抢劫罪的若干思考

近年来八户盗窃转化为抢劫犯罪行为增多,正确区分典型抢劫罪、转化型抢劫罪和转化型入户抢劫罪之间的界限,成为对犯罪分子正确定罪和量刑的前提。本文对转化型入户抢劫罪成立的前提条件、主观条件、客观要件进行分析,并明确了入户、当场的概念,还进一步区分了“在户”抢劫和“入户”抢劫的不同。     

Risk management for targeting customs controls in developing countries: a risky venture for revenue performance?

Customs authorities in developing countries are often reluctant to forget systematic inspections for fear of risking revenue loss. Such physical inspections however, impede rather than facilitate trade. Control selectivity is therefore a key issue in customs administration reform. This paper shows how a sophisticated risk management method can facilitate trade by automatically and rationally selecting transactions, with the end result of actually enhancing revenue performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论我国刑法中的危险状态犯

危险状态犯是指以危险状态的出现为成立要件的犯罪,而非以危险状态的出现为既遂的犯罪。危险状态是一种危害结果,即危险结果。在我国,“危险状态犯”之称谓比“危险犯”更合适。直接故意危险状态犯有其特殊之处,并在此基础之上,分析了刑法第116条、第117条、第118条与第119条第1款的关系是危险状态犯与实害犯的关系。