Doctrine and violence: The impact of combatant training on civilian killings

Military theorists and practitioners have long argued that training shapes how combatants treat civilians during war. Yet there is little systematic evidence regarding the impact of training on wartime behavior, and almost none for non-state armed groups, despite the fact that such groups intensively train their fighters in order to shape their behavior towards civilian populations. This article argues that among insurgent groups that emphasize the strategic and tactical importance of restraint towards civilian populations, political training can reduce civilian killings. We test the observable implications of our theory in the case of Colombia, using survey data on former Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) insurgents and sub-national data on civilian killings. We find support for our hypothesis, with results that are robust to a range of model specifications and controls, including alternate sources of combatant discipline and obedience, such as military training and punishment.     

浅谈香港武力使用教学训练模式

当前,中国内地涉及武器、警械等警察武力使用不当的案例不断出现,主要原因是民警武力使用训练模式落后和理念陈旧。中国香港对警察进行武力使用的规范化专项训练,是提高警察执法能力的有效途径,学习与借鉴香港武力使用教学训练模式,建立警察武力使用规范化训练长效机制,有利于中国内地民警合理使用武力,提升规范化执法能力。     

浅析侦查思维的矫正与启发——以侦查僵局为背景

侦查活动是人类社会活动的一种,任何侦查活动的开展都要受人的主观能动性的支配,侦查僵局在很大程度上也是由于侦查思维的错位所致,从这个意义上讲,侦查活动也是一种思维活动。因此,创建新型侦查思维模式,克服思维谬误,能够有效地带动案件侦查活动走出僵局,形成一种主动、理性、健康的侦查氛围,进而实现侦查目的。     

Emancipatory rural politics: confronting authoritarian populism

A new political moment is underway. Although there are significant differences in how this is constituted in different places, one manifestation of the new moment is the rise of distinct forms of authoritarian populism. In this opening paper of the JPS Forum series on ‘Authoritarian Populism and the Rural World’, we explore the relationship between these new forms of politics and rural areas around the world. We ask how rural transformations have contributed to deepening regressive national politics, and how rural areas shape and are shaped by these politics. We propose a global agenda for research, debate and action, which we call the Emancipatory Rural Politics Initiative (ERPI, www.iss.nl/erpi). This centres on understanding the contemporary conjuncture, working to confront authoritarian populism through the analysis of and support for alternatives.     

国有与非国有经济主体工作人员职务犯罪罪刑均衡问题比较研究

我国刑法对国有和非国有经济主体工作人员的职务犯罪行为设置了不同罪名,相关罪名之间的刑罚设置有着较大不同。然而,无论是从刑罚报应角度出发,还是基于功利主义的思考,其刑法规定都有违罪刑均衡原则。合并相关罪名,根据行为对象、方式等重新拟定罪量,适用现有职务侵占罪、挪用资金罪、非国家工作人员受贿罪的法定刑,是解决上述问题的可行路径,亦符合刑罚轻缓化的大趋势。