“省直管县”改革背景下的地级市:定位、职能及其匹配

"省直管县"是我国"十二五"期间地方行政体制改革的重要内容之一,但学术界对改革后地级市的角色定位和职能转变研究较少,这与其重要的现实意义形成了强烈的反差。本文认为,应将"省直管县"后的地级市定位为"城乡分治、市县并置"格局下的"区域增长极",加快政府职能转变,逐步裁撤涉农职能,强化宏观调控职能,重视文化教育职能,突出公共服务职能,通过行政区划的渐进调整、省级政府的职能转变以及市县关系的重新建构体现其定位与职能的匹配性。     

担保物权人物上代位权实现程序的建构

《物权法》第174条虽规定了担保物权的物上代位性,但现行法未建立一套合理可行的担保物权人据以实现物上代位权的程序。未来我国编纂民法典时应摒弃担保物权延续说,改采法定债权质权说,明确规定担保财产灭失、毁损或被征收而产生代位物请求权时,担保物权人依法享有针对这些请求权的法定债权质权;同时,应明确规定担保人的通知义务以及代位物给付义务人(即第三债务人)查询登记簿、在给付代位物前取得担保物权人同意的义务。代位物给付义务人违反义务,侵害物上代位权而给担保物权人造成损失的,应当承担侵权赔偿责任。     

策略人和策略决策模型:草原管理的智能体模拟分析

传统决策理论忽视了对人的策略性行为和策略决策的考察。本文通过对草原管理的智能体模拟分析,发展了策略人和策略决策新模型,并重点研究了策略人的四种典型策略决策:策略性投票、掩盖性、交易性和学习性策略决策。智能体模拟分析发现,在特定条件下,策略人的策略决策深刻影响个体的具体行动,并进而影响个体的行动结果(例,草原的可持续发展)。进而探讨了通过政策或制度安排来利用策略人的策略决策谋取预期政策或制度收益的可能性和其现实响应,并与策略人的四种典型策略决策相对应,依次讨论了策略约束性、保护性、诱导性以及学习性四种政策或制度安排。     

Does Coproduction of Public Services Support Government's Social Equity Goals? The Case of U.S. State Parks

The growing phenomenon of government-supporting charities prompts the question of whether these institutions help or hinder public values of equity in service access. Logit and tobit regression analysis using multiple data sources from the California and Florida state parks systems compares public parks with and without supporting “friends” groups. The results suggest that while parks philanthropy has produced real benefits in rallying citizen support for improved public spaces, it also introduces some distributional consequences that policy makers should not ignore. Namely, a philanthropic failure hypothesis is supported whereby wealthier Florida counties with greater income inequality are more likely to benefit from a charity supporting a nearby state park. Finding no similar result in California, the authors conclude that the association between community wealth and park charity presence may also depend on state characteristics such as the funding structure of each state park system, not just community wealth differences.     

全国首个跨省流域生态补偿机制试点的“新安江模式”

新安江是习近平总书记亲自倡导和推动的全国首个跨省流域生态补偿机制的先行探索地,也是习近平生态文明思想的重要实践地。新安江生态补偿机制试点实施以来,经过八年多的艰苦摸索,形成了可复制、可推广的“新安江模式”,目前已经在全国多个流域得以推广,标志着皖浙两省在生态补偿机制改革中取得了成功经验,用实践生动展示了习近平生态文明思想。本文从全国第一个跨省流域的生态保护补偿试点着手,总结“新安江模式”的建构过程与巨大成效,分析“新安江模式”的成功经验与内在逻辑,阐明“新安江模式”的现实问题与对策思考,以进一步深入学习贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想,推动美丽中国建设。     

“政产学研用”下公安院校经侦人才培养新路径

"政产学研用"协同创新是高等教育改革的重要内容,不仅适用于工科和职业院校,而且对公安院校经侦专业的人才培养同样具有重要的指引作用。在"政产学研用"机制下,公安院校的人才培养主要体现为政府机关、企业、高校、科研机构和用人单位五位一体,相互作用、相互协调。在五位一体协同创新机制下,河南警察学院在人才培养方案论证、专业课程建设、校局合作方面均进行了新的探索和实践,建设了经济犯罪侦查实验室,开展了校企合作深度融合。     

On the Historical Change of Human Rights Culture in China

Culture serves as the spiritual essence and moral support for human rights, whereas the latter provides the value orientation and goal for culture. human rights are universal as well as particular,since each nation fosters its own perceptions and value orientations related to human rights, which leads to the formation of a human rights culture.