Results of the 2018 Rapid DNA Maturity Assessment

Three commercially available integrated rapid DNA instruments were tested as a part of a rapid DNA maturity assessment in July of 2018. The assessment was conducted with sets of blinded single-source reference samples provided to participants for testing on the individual rapid platforms within their laboratories. The data were returned to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for review and analysis. Both FBI-defined automated review (Rapid DNA Analysis) and manual review (Modified Rapid DNA Analysis) of the datasets were conducted to assess the success of genotyping the 20 Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) core STR loci and full profiles generated by the instruments. Genotype results from the multiple platforms, participating laboratories, and STR typing chemistries were combined into a single analysis. The Rapid DNA Analysis resulted in a success rate of 80% for full profiles (85% for the 20 CODIS core loci) with automated analysis. Modified Rapid DNA Analysis resulted in a success rate of 90% for both the CODIS 20 core loci and full profiles (all attempted loci per chemistry). An analysis of the peak height ratios demonstrated that 95% of all heterozygous alleles were above 59% heterozygote balance. For base-pair sizing precision, the precision was below the standard 0.5 bp deviation for both the ANDE 6C System and the RapidHIT 200.     

Factor analysis applied to magnitude estimates of punishment Seriousness: Patterns of individual differences

This research makes use of factor analysis to locate important dimensions of individual differences in perceptions of legal punishments. A sample of 152 recently arrested persons provided magnitude estimates of the seriousness of several types and levels of punishment. A factor analysis of the data showed that the major dimensions of individual differentiation were in responses to (a) lengthy periods of imprisonment; (b) several punishments judged less serious, including short periods in jail or on probation; and (c) fines. Regressions of the factor scores on individual characteristics are reported, and the implications of the analysis for deterrence theory are discussed.     

超越自我的群体幻象——意识形态与20世纪上半叶中国文学社团的研究

意识形态不仅是社会的有机组成部分,也是人类生命的有机组成部分.它更多作为一个在某种特定利益驱使下形成的包含着欲望、情感、表象的知识系统,有着理论和实践的功能.它包容着政治、经济、道德、伦理等观念思想,但又不是简单的等同.意识形态是一个动态的整合的文化概念.这一理论视野提供了重新审视和阐释现代中国文学社团的可能.现代中国文学社团的源流、生成及形态等,与现代中国社会政治文化等诸方面构成了关系复杂的网络.现代中国文学社团发展史既是一部现代意识形态史,又是现代知识分子不断追求超越自我的群体幻象.在一个互动的文化结构体系中,考察现代文学社团自身,反省现代文学社团研究,重要的是尊重文学社团的独立形态、结构特征,正确区分与文学流派、思潮的整合关系.     

PROJECTED OFFENDING AND CONTEMPORANEOUS RULE‐VIOLATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR HETEROTYPIC CONTINUITY*

This study integrated two methodologies, the vignette‐based survey and the randomized laboratory experiment, to investigate the relationship between projected and actual offending behavior. Findings indicate that respondents' estimates of the likelihood they would drive drunk in a hypothetical vignette were positively correlated with whether they simultaneously cheated on a laboratory task to earn a cash bonus. Implications are discussed for both the prospective measurement and heterotypic continuity of criminal and antisocial behavior.     

Testing hot-spots police patrols against no-treatment controls: Temporal and spatial deterrence effects in the London Underground experiment

Our understanding of causality and effect size in randomized field experiments is challenged by variations in levels of baseline treatment dosage in control groups across experiments testing similar treatments. The clearest design is to compare treated cases with no-treatment controls in a sample that lacks any prior treatment at baseline. We applied that strategy in a randomized test of hot-spots police patrols on the previously never-patrolled, track-level platforms of the London Underground (LU). In a pretest–posttest, control-group design, we randomly assigned 57 of the LU's 115 highest crime platforms to receive foot patrol by officers in 15-minute doses, 4 times per day, during 8-hour shifts on 4 days a week for 6 months. The effect of 23,272 police arrivals at the treatment hot spots over 26 weeks was to reduce public calls for service by 21 percent on treated platforms relative to controls, primarily when police were absent (97 percent of the measured effect). This effect was six times larger than the mean standardized effect size found in the leading systematic review. This finding provides a benchmark against the baseline counterfactual of no patrol in hot spots, with strong evidence of residual deterrence and no evidence of local displacement.     

跨域治理的概念谱系与研究模型

跨域治理是指跨域事务的利益相关者，为了实现公共目标和解决共同危机所展开的合作与管理活动。在阐释跨域治理概念谱系的基础上，讨论了跨域治理的过程、结构与整合模型，以期从文献整理分析的角度对跨域治理进行深入的理解和探讨，并展望跨域治理研究的发展方向及前景。     

综合绘画教学与材质媒介的创新性表现研究

在综合绘画教学中,树立创造性思维方式是进行材质媒介创新性表现的前提,材料的个性特征包括质感特征和情感特征,每种材料都具有与众不同的特殊质感及情感传递。切实了解并把握材料的个性特征,突出综合绘画的艺术表现力。把握材质的美感特性,发挥形式美的设计原则,获得鲜明生动的艺术效果。     

马克思人的全面发展理论及其当代价值

马克思提出了人的全面发展的理想，指明了实现人的发展的根本途径。人的全面发展包括人的劳动能力的发展、人的社会关系的全面发展和人的个性的发展等。科学发展观要求以人为本、促进人的全面发展。人的全面发展是社会主义社会的基本原则，是我国社会主义建设和发展的价值尺度。构建自主联合劳动的新劳动经济制度，是我国社会主义社会实现人的全面发展的新途径。     

警务信息资源集成管理研究

警务信息资源是一种提升警察战斗力的重要因素，在世界各国已被广泛关注。应在界定警务信息资源内涵的基础上，分析我国目前在警务信息资源管理方面存在的问题，以提出警务信息资游集成的概念框架，并分析现阶段公安机关在警务信息资源集成时应当注意的问题，给出相应的对策。     

中国土地征收补偿标准研究 基于地方立法文本的分析

地方立法中的征收补偿条款在一定程度上决定着我国土地征收补偿标准的实际状况。从对地方立法文本中关于征收补偿标准的立法权行使状况和内容构成的统计分析来看，我国征收补偿的立法层级很低，地方立法文本的补偿条款具有高度不确定性，年产值倍数法仍然是占主导地位的补偿模式，补偿倍数总体不高，政策性文件和立法存在冲突。我国今后应当对土地征收统一立法，确立按市场价值公平补偿的原则，构建合理的征收补偿权力制约机制，明确征收补偿标准的计算公式，对集体土地所有权人和用益物权人分别进行补偿。