欧盟安全模式的体系层次分析

欧盟安全模式在冷战后日益突出,其特点在于通过有效的多边主义来维护安全。在冷战期间西欧国家地处两极对抗的前沿,两极格局的终结也对欧盟国家造成了重大冲击。因此,欧洲安全模式的形成和发展深受体系结构和体系进程的影响和制约。其中,结构因素发挥更为重要的作用,但同时体现为国际制度的进程因素对于巩固和维护欧洲安全也有重大的反作用。国际制度无法独立于体系结构影响国家行为,在欧洲安全模式形成的过程中,体系结构是独立的自变量,国际制度则是干预变量。     

UNCITRAL电子商务工作组第四十届大会综述

联合国国际贸易法委员会电子商务工作组第四十届大会有两个议题:一是如何消除与国际贸易有关的国际文书中存在的妨碍电子商务发展的法律障碍;二是讨论审议《电子订约:一项公约草案的条文》。     

面对国家的个人与面对个人的国家——全球化背景下国际法发展的元动力问题

传统上,国家间的互动关系被认为是国际法规则创制与实施的基本动力,但全球化,尤其是经济全球化使得国际法日益攸关个人的利益,个人与国家间的互动关系已然成为国际法发展的元动力。国际法只有以此为基点,才能更好地规范全球化,尤其是经济全球化的进程,使各国及其国民能够公平地享受全球化带来的好处。     

论刑事法律全球化时代的"国民不引渡"原则

在刑事法律全球化日趋成为一种发展趋势的今天,如何有效地进行国际刑事司法合作,消除合作中的羁绊,已经成为国际刑法需要认真探讨和研究的重大课题.从保护本国国民的利益出发,不将在外国犯罪的本国国民交给外国审判,或者不让本国国民在异国他乡的监狱中服刑,一直以来都是很多国家的做法.但是"国民不引渡"给国际刑事司法合作的顺利进行带来了难以克服的障碍.因此,新形势下采取新的立法势在必行.     

法律选择方法演变与构建国际和谐社会

法律选择理论是国际私法的核心理论,主要是以各种法律选择学说为载体,具体表现为各种法律选择方法。从十四世纪意大利巴托鲁斯创立法则区别说以来,法律选择方法一直处于不断的演变之中,体现了国际社会追求和谐的要求。本文以法律选择方法的历史演变为线索,以法律选择方法的价值追求——正义为研究视角,探讨法律选择方法的演变与构建国际和谐社会之间的联系。     

知识产权与人权:后TRIPS时代的知识产权国际保护

TRIPS的产生,在促进知识产权国际保护发展的同时,也被认为造成了知识产权制度与国际人权法之间的冲突。从立法宗旨上讲,不管对知识产权采用什么样的措辞,知识产权保护应与维护人类尊严和实现其他人权相一致。所以,我们必须开展有关研究工作,探寻如何在包括TRIPS在内的国际条约框架下,协调好知识产权与人权之间的关系;具体说来,知识产权国际保护制度必须以国际人权公约的价值取向为指导,在保护作者精神权、隐私权、公共健康与环境等方面进行制度改革。     

Disciplining Society through the City: The Genesis of City Planning in Brazil and Argentina (1894–1945)

This paper looks at the genesis of a discourse on urbanismo (city planning) in Brazil and Argentina between 1894 and 1945 using the ideas of Michel Foucault on discipline and his concept of bio–power. The demographic pattern of the major cities in both countries from 1890 onwards and the renewals of the centres of these cities are also discussed. Other sections are dedicated to the plans proposed for the same cities in the 1920s and to urban representations, such as ideas about social reform, the role of hygiene as a point of departure for planning, and the relationship of ideas on Taylorism (scientific management) and the city. The paper also discusses the planners opposition to elections, when they claimed that they were the only ones qualified to deal with urban problems and therefore they should be employed in the state apparatus.
Other concerns of the paper are the use of planning as an element of nation building and ideas defining eugenics (race 'betterment') as an important aspect of city planning. I conclude by arguing that, if implemented, city planning was a way of creating an industrial culture, disciplining society through the city, although the industrial proletariat has never made up the majority of the population in Brazil or Argentina. Even if many aspects of the plans proposed for both countries were not implemented, the discourse of planners can be seen as a will to discipline society through the city. This discipline would affect the freedom of movement of human bodies, and is therefore approached through Foucault's concepts of bio–power and discipline     

Strengthening Green Global Governance in a Disparate World SocietyWould a World Environment Organisation Benefit the South?

The debate on the advantages and disadvantages of upgrading the United Nations Environment Programme to a 'world environment organisation' (WEO) has gained momentum in both academe and politics. This article contends that a WEO would further the interests especially of developing countries, because it would provide them, first, a high-level forum to unite their individual bargaining power against the major industrialised countries. Second, a WEO would assist Southern efforts to garner international support for environmental programmes in regions and sectors that are increasingly bypassed by economic globalisation. Third, a WEO would create a locus to politically institutionalise the influence of non-governmental lobbyists in a way that increases the balance of opinions and perspectives. The article then addresses special challenges and caveats for developing countries in the upcoming negotiation process, in particular whether an upgraded UNEP would address only 'global' issues, thus absolving the international community from assisting developing countries in mitigating the more pressing local environmental issues in the South; whether the new body would have powerful sanctioning mechanisms, which might disproportionally affect developing countries; and what decision-making procedures the new body would have.     

论法典是国际私法形式价值的最佳载体

本文首先从一般意义上界定了法的形式价值,即法本身所应具有的那些值得肯定或"好"的品质.在此基础上利用比较的、历史的研究方法,重点论述了国际私法形式价值的内涵及历史变迁,作者认为法典应是最能体现国际私法形式价值的载体.