对刑事证据概念表述的理性界考

现行刑事诉讼法沿袭的刑事证据概念的表述有缺陷,应当依据司法实践、法学理论、语法和逻辑科学界定刑事证据概念的表述,应当明确收集证据的主体,应与其表现形式相同一,应符合逻辑规则,同一刑诉法典中使用证据的法条应统一确定,刑诉法典与司法解释中使用"证据"一词时表述应一致.     

性骚扰侵害客体的民法分析

文章从社会性别视角出发,结合民法人格权原理,分析已有关于性骚扰侵害客体的认识,指出所谓“贞操权”概念本身是男性对女性性压迫的传统社会性别意识的体现,它与当今社会人格平等的精神相悖,无存在之必要;“性骚扰侵害名誉权”的认识会导致对被搔扰者人格的贬低和被“污名化”;用人格尊严权解释性骚扰侵害客体,难以有效救济被骚扰者受到侵害的权利。而从性骚扰行为的基本特征出发,自然人的性自主权是它侵害的直接客体。文章还指出,职场性骚扰侵害的客体不限于受害人的民事权利,它还会侵害到其作为劳动者的工作环境权和就业平等权。     

Control over Personal Data in a Digital Age: Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja Gonzalez

In the Google Spain judgment, the Grand Chamber of the EU Court of Justice determined the circumstances in which a search engine is obliged to remove links to data pertaining to an individual from the results displayed. The Court also considered the material and territorial scope of the EU data protection rules. This note argues that the Court's findings, which have been heavily criticised, are normatively coherent. The broad scope of application of data protection rules and the right of individuals to have their data deleted when certain conditions are fulfilled both play a part in granting individuals effective control over their personal data – an objective of EU data protection law.     

立法听证的立论基础探析

立法听证是我国民主立法的新形式。该制度源自于西方,现在几乎已经成为西方国家立法过程的必经程序。立法听证在较短的历史之内获得普世性的适用是因为其乃立立基于人类社会的一些基本价值要素,包括言论自由、身份平等、程序正义等等。对这些要素进行分析,有利于加深我们对立法听证制度的理解,规范其在实践中的运作形式,纠正一些偏出于其制度本义的现象。     

A comparison of endogenous and exogenous RNA reference marker as relevant for accurate Post-Mortem Interval estimation

The Post Mortem-Interval (PMI), also known as time since death, is of relevance for forensic routine casework and serves primarily as the basis for the determination of the time that has passed since the time of death. The existing, “classical” approaches are characterised by certain limitations because they are predominantly based on morphological examinations.The present study deals with the assessment of two molecular messengerRNA-markers in different kinds post-mortem human specimens concerning their ability to use them for the estimation of the time of death. Moreover, a comparison between carefully selected endogenous and one exogenous reference marker for the normalisation of the gene expression data as relevant for accurate PMI estimation is drawn.The evaluation showed that the used approach is methodologically useful but on consideration of the achieved results it was only possible to determine slightly meaningful tendencies. The tested exogenous reference marker was not suitable for sufficient data normalisation whereas the endogenous reference markers showed a stable expression. However, it was not possible to recognise a specific expression level of the genes within a PMI group when endogenous reference markers were used.     

General courts,specialized courts,and the complementarity effect

Among the major decisions any legal system must make is deciding whether to establish general courts with broad jurisdiction, or specialized courts with limited jurisdiction. Under one influential argument—advanced by both judges and legal theorists—general courts foster coherence within the legal system. This Article identifies a distinct effect of establishing general courts: the “complementarity effect.” In the case of complementarity, general courts strategically apply different principles in different fields, such that litigants losing in one sphere (e.g., public law) are compensated in another (e.g., private law). We support this conjecture by analyzing three case studies.     

网络背景下言论自由的法律限制

网络言论自由是公民言论自由在虚拟空间的延伸,网络背景在为言论自由提供更大实现空间的同时,也可能加剧现实中言论自由与其他合法权益的冲突,必须根据网络及网络言论的特点,按照限制慎行、区别对待、明确网络服务商责任、倚重技术等原则和方法进行网络言论自由的法律限制。     

弓形虫GJS株致密颗粒6基因真核表达质粒的构建及在BHK-21细胞中的表达

根据GenBank数据库中弓形虫RH株GRA6基因序列设计1对引物,采用PCR技术从弓形虫GJS株基因组DNA中扩增GRA6基因,导入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/CT-GFP-TOPO,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定,将重组质粒转染BHK-21细胞。GFP标签证明质粒DNA成功转染到细胞中并得以表达,通过Western-blot分析,细胞裂解液中有一条约52 ku的条带,可被山羊抗弓形虫超免疫血清识别,大小与预测值相符。表明真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/CT-GFP-TOPO-GRA6中的GRA6基因在BHK-21细胞中获得表达且表达产物具有抗原性。     

非洲马瘟病毒VP7基因在重组杆状病毒中的表达及抗原性检测

利用pFastBacHTA质粒将非洲马瘟病毒(AHSV)血清4型的VP7基因重组入杆状病毒,并感染昆虫细胞Sf9。结果显示,VP7蛋白在真核细胞内获得了表达,但表达量较低。免疫印迹试验证实,VP7重组蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,将其作为检测抗原包被酶标板,初步建立了检测AHSV的间接酶联免疫吸附试验方法。     

H3N2亚型猪流感病毒核蛋白基因的优化表达及抗原性分析

根据已获得的猪流感病毒(SIV)分离株A/Swine/Guangdong/9/05(H3N2)NP基因的核苷酸序列设计合成了1对带有特定酶切位点的引物,经RT-PCR扩增NP基因,将其克隆到pMD19-Simple-T载体,鉴定并测序正确后,构建pET32a-NP表达质粒,并转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳分析结果显示,表达的融合蛋白分子质量约为73ku,在25℃条件下主要以可溶性形式存在。将重组NP蛋白纯化后进行Western-blotting和间接免疫荧光试验,结果显示,表达蛋白可分别与H1N1、H3N2及H9N2亚型SIV阳性血清发生特异性反应,表明该蛋白具有良好的反应原性和交叉反应性;用纯化的重组NP蛋白免疫小鼠制备的多克隆血清也可与H1N1、H3N2及H9N2亚型SIV发生特异性反应,进一步证实所表达的重组NP蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。