浅析影响碳素墨水显现胶带指纹的若干因素

为提高胶带粘面指纹的显现质量,便于后期针对该指纹的检验鉴定,通过对胶带粘面指纹显现过程中的各个环节进行测试、对比,可以寻找出一些影响显现效果的因素。经过实验发现,在胶带剥离阶段及对胶带的浸泡、显现阶段,各种不同的实验材质、环境、手法均会对指纹显现效果产生影响。     

新型手印提取器的研究

现场勘查中,技术人员对用粉末刷显的手印、灰尘加层手印拍照提取后,再用新型手印提取器提取效果更好。手印提取器使胶带与客体接触面积变小、压力均匀,从而避免在提取过程中产生气泡;同时,胶带具有粘性的一面与另一胶带紧密相粘,通过转动,能制成透明的手印检材,可直接通过印相放大、复印,或通过反差较大的衬底做背景进行比对鉴定。实践证明,运用手印提取器提取的手印具有高质量、手印特征反映好、保存时间长,而且在使用中方便简捷,提取速度快等优点。     

DNA Recovery From Tape-Lifting Kits: Methodology and Practice

In the case of suspicious deaths, the technique of 1:1 taping is often used in Belgium. It consists of affixing a large number of adhesive tapes to the body of the victim. It is conventionally aimed at obtaining microtraces (e.g., fibers, hair) and is usually not used for DNA analysis. However, in some cases, DNA analysis of certain areas of interest identified on the 1:1 taping material can offer a last resort solution. The four-step method that is described in this article involves the selection of areas of interest on the body (Step 1), the selection of the corresponding tapes (Step 2), the decontamination of the tapes (Step 3), the selection of areas of interest on the tapes, for DNA sampling (Step 4). The method is illustrated by its successful application in four murder cases. In each case, DNA profiles of good quality could be identified, including profiles of persons different from the victim.     

粘有纸张的胶带剥离同时显现胶黏面指纹

为了更好地解决粘贴在普通A4纸上的胶带剥离与胶粘面指纹同时显现问题,本文对不同剥离试剂的剥离效果、不同显现试剂的显现效果以及不同胶粘面汗潜指纹遗留时间的影响进行了比较。实验结果表明,丙酮与无水乙醇按照1:10混合而成的试剂剥离效果最好;聚乙二醇和上海牌214型碳素墨水按照1:15混合而成的试剂显现效果最好;遗留5-7天的胶粘面汗潜指纹经染色2次后显现效果最佳,10-20天的实验样本经染色3次后显现效果最佳。     

短波紫外反射照相显现胶带粘面潜在指印

目的研究胶带粘面上指印的提取方法。方法用短波紫外照相的方法对各种胶带粘面的指印进行拍照提取。结果从理论上解释了短波紫外照相拍照提取胶带粘面上指印的原理,从实践上为短波紫外照相法提取胶带粘面上指印提供技术方法和技巧。结论为胶带粘面指印的提取提供了一种新的方法。     

A validation study for vinyl electrical tape end matches

Fracture matches are considered the strongest conclusion in the forensic examination of rigid materials, such as glass, metal, and paint. However, publications that support the fracture matching of polymeric films, such as tape backings, are limited. This study was designed to determine the validity and error rate associated with conducting end-match (fracture match) examinations on vinyl electrical tape. Test designs varied the source roll of tape, test preparer, or mode of separation from the roll. Results indicated that each affected the resulting severed tape ends. The analysts examining the end matches also had an effect on the results. Eight end matches in the study were not identified by the initial analysts and were considered inconclusive. One end match was misidentified, resulting in one false positive and an error rate of 0.049%. These results support a comprehensive physical and chemical tape comparison regardless of indications of an end match.     

Applicability of DNA analysis on adhesive tape in forensic casework

Adhesive tape is commonly used in crimes and is often the subject of forensic evaluation. DNA analysis of adhesive tape can provide DNA profiles of suspects. The object of this study was to evaluate the applicability of DNA analysis on adhesive tape samples in forensic casework. We retrospectively reviewed all cases involving adhesive tape or similar items received by our institute for DNA analysis during the past 11 years. From 100 forensic cases reviewed, 150 adhesive tape samples were examined. A total of 98 DNA profiles were obtained from these samples. Sixty-two of the profiles provided feasible case-relevant information. In conclusion, DNA profiling of adhesive tape samples can be useful in a variety of forensic cases.     

双面胶带上指印的显现方法研究

双面胶带是我们生活中常用的一种胶带,在许多案件中经常出现。本文主要研究双面胶带转印在纸张等渗透性客体上的手印来间接地显现双面胶带上的指印,从而认定作案的犯罪嫌疑人。     

灰尘手印显现方法的研究

灰尘手印提取一直是现场勘察中关注的焦点,为了探索方便、快捷、有效地灰尘手印的显现方法,用“502”熏显不同客体、不同遗留时间的灰尘减层手印和灰汗混合手印,加染后用透明胶带粘取,然后透光照相。结果表明,显出手印清晰、流畅,不破坏手印。     

An Optimized DNA Analysis Workflow for the Sampling,Extraction, and Concentration of DNA obtained from Archived Latent Fingerprints

DNA profiles have been obtained from fingerprints, but there is limited knowledge regarding DNA analysis from archived latent fingerprints—touch DNA “sandwiched” between adhesive and paper. Thus, this study sought to comparatively analyze a variety of collection and analytical methods in an effort to seek an optimized workflow for this specific sample type. Untreated and treated archived latent fingerprints were utilized to compare different biological sampling techniques, swab diluents, DNA extraction systems, DNA concentration practices, and post‐amplification purification methods. Archived latent fingerprints disassembled and sampled via direct cutting, followed by DNA extracted using the QIAamp® DNA Investigator Kit, and concentration with Centri‐Sep? columns increased the odds of obtaining an STR profile. Using the recommended DNA workflow, 9 of the 10 samples provided STR profiles, which included 7–100% of the expected STR alleles and two full profiles. Thus, with carefully selected procedures, archived latent fingerprints can be a viable DNA source for criminal investigations including cold/postconviction cases.