从“去文学化”走向“专业化”

应用写作课程不放弃对文学的依赖性,就没有自身的独立性,就没有本课程的个性.在中外应用写作教学的成功经验中,也往往是"去文学化"越彻底,课程的个性就越鲜明,越具有自我的魅力,也越具有范型的意义.应用写作教学在"去文学化"之后,应该关注技术操作流程,这并非要忽略与牺牲写作主体的人文涵养,忽略日积月累的素质与功底,而恰恰是尊重课程特性,为学生安装简单实用的"驱动程序",让学生容易上手,从而加强课程的有效性.     

“十一·五”期间中国国家安全环境展望

"十一·五"期间(2006-2010年)是中国全面建设小康的历史关键期,中国国家安全面临四大机遇和五方面的挑战,其中挑战尤显紧迫、棘手、严峻与突出.对此要做到心中有数、有的放矢,首先要牢固树立"大安全"观,明确国家安全战略主要任务;其次应推进中美"建设性合作关系",开展大国多极外交,确保中国的战略安全;第三要分片经营、稳打稳扎,以区域经济合作、反恐防扩散等维护中国的"大周边"安全;第四应明确将反独反民分与反恐防扩散列为"十一·五"期间中国国家安全的两大主要战略任务;第五需努力确保中国的能源与经济安全,尽早防范对外开放风险;第六是保障中国海外人员与机构安全,有效维护国内社会政治稳定.总之,应标本兼治,着眼长远与根本.     

完善北京城市应急决策指挥机制

应急管理的决策指挥机制分为先期处置、应急响应和应急结束三大流程加以规范。目前,北京已经建立起了独具特色的"三加二"应急管理模式,建立了较为完善的突发事件信息报送制。然而,北京目前的集中式应急指挥体系与分散化部门权责之间存在着冲突,决策指挥机构间的权限划分不够清晰;在应急信息管理中尚存在着制度导向的误区,在应急决策过程中缺乏专家参与制度。北京城市应急决策指挥机制应当强化应急决策指挥机构的权威性,建立统一的应急信息平台系统;重构应急管理中信息公开的理念、范围和方式;建立和完善应急决策指挥过程中的监督机制和专家顾问的参与机制。     

Voices of minor children heard and unheard in judicial divorce proceedings in the Netherlands

Under Dutch divorce law, children in theory have ample opportunity to make their voices heard: the petition for divorce must state how the children have been involved in preparing a parenting plan; all children aged 12 or 16 (depending on the context) or older have the right to be heard by the judge, and the judge may additionally hear younger children; the court may appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the interests of the child; and the child has the right to seek informal access to the court (by letter or telephone, for example) which may lead to an ex officio decision that changes the arrangements agreed by the parents in a divorce settlement or an earlier judicial decision. In practice, however, there is no guarantee that children's voices will actually be heard in divorce proceedings. Notably in the case of separation after an informal relationship (other than marriage or registered partnership) the opportunities given to children to be heard are often a dead letter.     

Growing Up in Times of War: Unaccompanied Refugee Minors’ Assumptions About the World and Themselves

Abstract

The idea that assumptions about the world and the self can be damaged through traumatic experiences has proven to be useful in understanding posttraumatic reactions. This study investigated the World Assumptions of middle-eastern unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) to contribute to a culturally sensitive theoretical perspective. Semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using inductive category development. All assumed aspects of World Assumptions—benevolence, meaningfulness, and self-worth—were found in the participants’ statements. Regarding meaningfulness, we detected a new subcategory, the principle of a metaphysical plan, which has implications for the mechanism by which religiosity protects World Assumptions in war-torn regions.     

On the Variation of Publishing Concept in Chinese Contemporary Literature

The publishing of Chinese contemporary literature varied from planned pattern, which mainly manifested national mainstream ideology, to the context in which the pattern was mingled with market. Under the ideology context the publishing of literature depended on political missions. After reform and opening up the publishing of literature revealed new features, which was an account of the adjustment of significant national projects, the transformation of the publishing system and the return of market. Under the gradually free circumstances, the publishing of literature is exploring its own development tendency under the guidance of commercial economy besides complying with national publishing policies. After 1990s the publishing of literature reveals its diversifications on concept with the establishment of socialist marketing economy, the spring of electronic media, the development of multi-media etc.     

司法相关权力视角下的司法改革方案

通过对指数报告进行统计数据和测试题目两个层面的分析,可以发现司法改革方案需要注意的几个问题:司法改革方案的整体性、配套性、正当性、有效性的改革方向和更多的具体课题,应充分考虑地方性的特殊因素,确保司法改革方案的讨论、确定程序的参与性。     

寻找商业目标与公司合规之间的最大公约数

作为现代城市治理的题中应有之义,商业合规变得日益重要。除了外在讨论商业合规的传统视角,从公司内部视角讨论"在什么条件下"商业合规更容易、更可能实现的内在驱动机制,是一个十分关键的问题。两个研究小组围绕商业合规进行了全面分析,同时结合国内外商业合规研究的最新动向,探讨了如何建立商业合规的"高效认知界面",提出了一种公司更愿意合规的认知行为界面偏好的方法,改变以往强调商业合规的"硬干预"、"强干预"的窠臼,走向更为符合商业合规选择偏好的"软干预"、"弱干预"的范式。在此基础上,寻找到让赢利与合规目标之间达成最大公约数的具体实现方案。     

Potency levels of regulated cannabis products in Michigan 2021–2022

Evaluation of cannabinoid concentrations in products from the legal cannabis market has been fraught with uncertainty. The lack of standardized testing methodology and the susceptibility of cannabinoids to degradation under certain storage conditions complicates the efforts to assess total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels across wide geographic areas. There are few peer-reviewed surveys of cannabinoid concentrations in regulated products. Those that have been done have not characterized the effects of differences in analytical methodology, sample population, and storage conditions. Viridis Laboratories, which operates two cannabis safety compliance facilities in Michigan, has analyzed over 34,000 cannabis products throughout 2021 and 2022 before the sale in the regulated market. Fifteen cannabinoids in cannabis flower, concentrates, and infused products were tested using methanolic extraction and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. Methods were validated before use, and the flower analysis procedure was certified by the Association of Analytical Collaboration. All the samples were tested before submission for sale and therefore had not undergone prolonged storage. The results are compared with those seen in other states as well as in the illicit market. Total THC levels in cannabis flower from the regulated market are significantly higher than those seen in illicit products. The distribution of cannabinoid levels is similar in flowers intended for either the medicinal or adult-use markets, with an average potency of 18%–23% of total THC. Total THC in concentrates averages up to 82%. Other cannabinoids are observed at significant levels, mostly in products specifically formulated to contain them. These results may act as a benchmark for potency levels in the regulated market.     

The future of parenting plan evaluations: A view from the trenches

As expectations rise for parenting plan evaluators to be well-trained, skilled, and knowledgeable in numerous subject areas, and scrutiny of evaluators' work intensifies, the pool of qualified evaluators is shrinking nationwide. The future of parenting plan evaluation as a forensic subspecialty relies upon the availability of competent and committed professionals to do this challenging work, yet few are entering the field. Five experienced parenting plan evaluators from various regions of the United States, including the authors, met for a roundtable discussion to ponder the future of parenting plan evaluations. The panel discussed what drew them to the work, their experiences “in the trenches,” and what has kept them committed to doing evaluations despite daunting challenges. Their views of the rewards and risks of doing the work, barriers and disincentives to newcomers entering the field, recommendations to new evaluators, and outlook for the future are presented.