双眼视力及其伤残评价作用研究

目的研究双眼视力与两单眼视力的关系,及评价其视力伤残评价作用。方法年龄18~60岁患者1 006名,检测两单眼和双眼最佳镜片矫正视力。结果双眼视力可高于、等于和低于较好单眼矫正视力,三者分别占27.14%、70.78%和1.49%,统计显示两眼视差与双眼相互作用有一定关联(χ~2=54.939,P0.001,r=0.228)。33人单眼视力相同而双眼视力不同。结论双眼视力与两单眼视力、较好单眼视力既关联又有一定不确定性,双眼视力在视力伤残评价中具有特殊作用。     

3D Finite Element Model of Human Knee Injuries in the Traffic Accident

Objective To explore the injury mechanism of the human knee in a traffic accident by estab lishing a 3D finite element （FE） model. Methods The FE model, composed of femur, tibia, fibula, patel la, meniscus, knee ligaments and surrounding soft tissues, was reconstructed by CT scanning data from a male volunteer. Validation was performed by the lateral impact simulation, and the stress and strain re sults were obtained to be compared with those previously reported for injury prediction. Results The re suits derived from the FE model were found to be similar with those previously reported, most of the ligaments and meniscus wounded at 40 m/s collision, which was readily observed. Conclusion The simu lation results generated by FE model can be effectively used for the injury mechanism analysis of initial contact.     

产前超声检查医疗纠纷4例分析

通过选取4例经人民法院判决的因产前超声检查引发的医疗纠纷案例,探讨此类案件医疗过错、损害后果及其两者之间因果关系的判定原则。在判定医疗过错时应关注产前检查的规范性,正确看待医疗机构的差异性,并适当考虑时间性因素。此类医疗损害的后果一般均为使有发育缺陷的婴儿出生,医疗过错与损害后果因果关系的分析则不同于一般医疗纠纷案件,存在特殊性,需特别慎重。     

浅议建筑工程质量司法鉴定的特点、原则及其应用

建筑工程质量司法鉴定是司法鉴定的重要组成部分,通过对其特点、原则进行了分析,并结合广东省东莞市的具体工程案例介绍了其应用实况。     

3种哌嗪类药物滥用研究进展

哌嗪类药物N-苄基哌嗪(BZP)、1-(3-氯苯基)哌嗪(mCPP)、1-(3-三氟甲基苯基)哌嗪(TFMPP)具有与MDMA相似的兴奋作用和致幻作用,成了迷幻药的替代品,在各国滥用的报道逐年增多。本文综述了3种哌嗪类药物在各国的管制、滥用情况、毒理作用、检测方法,希望为司法部门打击此类药物犯罪提供参考和借鉴。     

Experimental Study of Bite Mark Injuries by Digital Analysis

Abstract: This study was based on a morphometric analysis of bite marks starting from the quantitative definition of the anterior teeth by the geometric acquisition of the “injuries,” using bite marks impressed on pig skin and plastic. Each mark was photographed and acquired. A dedicated program automatically supplied the values of the shape factors and the areas of the pattern geometric figures. The values obtained for the homologous samples were compared to the heterologous values. Statistical comparison was made of the sets by linear regression, determining the correlation coefficient and the determination coefficient for each value. Results showed only 4.8% and 2% of overlap between homologous and heterologous values. This study was carried out in attempting to quantitatively define the anterior teeth of the human dentition and the procedure described and the results obtained support the advantage of morphometric studies and computer‐aided programs in this study of bite marks.     

司法鉴定标准化实现机制探讨

司法鉴定标准化一直是司法鉴定理论界和实务界追求的理想。众多学者认为要确保司法鉴定的公信力,就必须设立司法鉴定标准,走标准化的道路。对于标准化的内涵有必要从标准的理论出发进行重新解读,并提出标准化的实现前提、实现过程及应关注的问题。     

Understanding Children's Use of Secrecy in the Context of Eyewitness Reports

To investigate socioemotional influences on children's eyewitness accuracy, we examined children's reports for activities they were motivated to conceal. Forty-eight 3–6-year-old children participated in a standardized play session with their mothers. Half of the children were told by an experimenter not to play with certain toys, but did so at the urging of their mothers, who told their children to keep the play activities secret. The remaining children were not restricted from playing with the toys, nor told by their mothers to keep the play activities secret. Later, all children were interviewed about the activities with free narrative and detailed questions. Half were given an interview that consisted of highly suggestive questions; half were given an interview consisting of specific, less suggestive questions. Results indicated that older children who were instructed to keep events secret withheld more information than did older children not told to keep events secret. Younger children's reports were not significantly affected by the secret manipulation. There were no significant effects associated with interview type. We discuss implications for understanding the development of children's knowledge and use of secrecy, and applications of the research to issues that arise when child witnesses give reports in legal contexts.     

血管内皮细胞生长因子的研究及应用

血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)是一种特异作用于血管内皮细胞的多功能细胞因子,它促使血管内皮细胞分裂增殖、增生、转移,增加血管通透性并促进新血管生成,参与体内的多种生理、病理过程,在临床医学上已获得较多应用,在法医病理学方面将有广泛的应用前景。     

120例闭合性颅脑损伤的临床诊断与法医鉴定的结论差异分析

有关闭合性颅脑损伤的临床诊断与法医鉴定的结论往往存在着差异,在脑震荡和脑损伤后综合症诊断上,这种差异尤为突出。差异的形成主要缘于临床诊断:临床医生过分依赖主诉;自信、草率、违反医理;对病人辅助检查不够;易受社会和人为因素干扰。