Myanmar: analyzing problems of transition and intervention

Myanmar's State Peace and Development Council touts the 2010 elections as an important milestone on the roadmap to democracy. While the consensus among scholars is that the result is a foregone conclusion, these elections may also mark the beginning of a transition. As a transition from authoritarian rule may lead to internal chaos and result in calls for external intervention, the relevant dimensions of intervention are explored. The capabilities, interests and approaches of key external players in the context of Myanmar are identified. Both India and China have capabilities and multiple interests in Myanmar. However, the India–China rivalry and the lack of consensus around the responsibility to protect the doctrines are identified as risk factors. In spite of its shortcomings, the ASEAN Regional Forum remains the most appropriate venue to explore possible responses in case of chaos in Myanmar, which would be a tough test of its aptitude and relevance. The forum should upgrade organizational and practical capacities to respond to major crises such as a hypothetical collapse of central authority in Myanmar.     

新时代协商治理:内在机理与基本立场

当前,学界仍然需要对“治理”做中国情境的整全性探讨以克服现有研究中存在的碎片化倾向。要树立规避低水平重复研究的学术立场,特别要进一步深化对新时代中国协商治理之本土化因素及其核心指归的梳理,凝练基于学术的中国协商治理之基本指导的理论精义,建构一种适应性的本土概念与理论体系,探索底线性的协商治理理解是学术研究的基本使命。基于此,以什么形式实践协商治理,应交由党领导人民去完成。同时,要科学把握西方治理嬗变、理论适用性及其困境,科学认识治理中国方案的定位、中西方治理的本质差异及其体现。对协商治理的理论与实践及其超越性之内在机理的研究,是解释与建构的尝试,是对情境的宏观考量,亦是阐明研究立场与实践立场的过程。     

私法在乡村治理法治化中的独特功能

针对如何构建乡村治理体系所涉法治,既有研究多围绕《中华人民共和国村民委员会组织法》等公法展开,故存在不足,亟待考察私法能否发挥某些独特功能。鉴于公法在培养村民的基本法治意识上存在一定的不足,同时,村民与私法的现实联系更为密切,尤其是考虑到私法严格奉行“私法自治”根本原则,由该原则所引申的“私法自治”“合法私利”以及“德法融合”等重要法治意识,不但有益于培养村民的基本法治意识,而且将极大促进在乡村治理进程中,对相通的、根本性的村民法治意识的良好培养。     

城市环境精细化治理的现实逻辑与优化路径——基于需求-回应的分析框架

随着改革开放以来城市化的不断推进,中国的城市建设和治理在取得显著成绩的同时也面临着日益严峻的环境挑战和压力。解决城市环境问题和满足城市居民对美好环境的诉求需要不断推进城市环境精细化治理。然而,当前城市环境治理仍然存在着治理理念相对滞后、治理法制不够健全、治理结构有待优化、治理过程较为粗放、治理绩效评估有所弱化等问题,阻滞了城市环境精细化治理的推进。这构成了城市环境精细化治理的需求层面。为此,应根据城市环境精细化治理的需求,采取有力的优化措施予以回应。     

半嵌入性互动治理的形成逻辑与主要类型——以H街道四个社区的业委会与物业管理运作为例

城市基层治理涉及多元治理主体的复杂互动关系,这种复杂的互动关系内蕴着权力结构与秩序的演变。国家、市场、社会三方主体力量在中国强国家弱市场弱社会的现实背景下,呈现出以结构性非对称性形式相互依赖、三角权力关系稳定、相互弥补各方失灵为特点的互动形态。文章将此互动形态在基层社区中的运作概括为“半嵌入性互动治理”。基于国家-市场-社会三维分析视角,通过多案例比较方法研究H街道四个社区的业委会与物业管理运作,发现“半嵌入性互动治理”在现实运作中呈现多种类型。国家、市场、社会在基层社区治理中的互动关系会根据现实需求与权力博弈进行平衡与调试,最终保证社区内部安全与有效治理。     

Lessons in successful Somali governance

‘Somalia’ is often portrayed as the quintessential ungovernable, failed state – with pirates, terrorists and humanitarian crises as a consequence. This article tells how Somalis in Somaliland and Puntland today have realised a degree of successful governance in the Horn of Africa.     

Decentralization in Tanzania: An assessment of local government discretion and accountability

A large part of the decentralization literature is fragmented along political, fiscal, or administrative lines. In this article we employ a diagnostic framework to draw these dimensions together in a coherent manner to focus on analyzing local government discretion and accountability in Tanzania. Tanzania seems to have a deconcentrated local government system with central appointees having large powers at the local level. Centrally‐funded mandates—such as constructing secondary schools—dominate local government plans and budgets. Central control over administrative functions has ensured that administrative decentralization is yet to occur. In the fiscal sphere, progress has been made in transparency and harmonization of transfers in the last 5 years but local governments still have some way to go in raising own revenues, being less reliant on transfers, and ensuring downward accountability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preinvestment Negotiation Characteristics and Dismissal in Venture Capital-Backed Firms

In this study, we investigated idiosyncratic preinvestment process characteristics that influence the dismissal of management team members of venture capital-backed firms in the postinvestment phase by analyzing sixty-three portfolio firms. We considered two salient perspectives within the literature on governance of interfirm relationships: contractual and relational governance, which are related to positional and collaborative negotiation styles. Our findings indicate that positional bargaining in the preinvestment phase may be a reliable indicator that there is a greater risk that new venture team members will be dismissed when things get tough in the post-investment period.     

劳动关系的治理经验与风险防控 ——基于福建省调查样本的探析

当前,世界正经历百年未有之大变局,也给劳动关系的和谐稳定带来了一定的风险,因此,对劳动关系的风险防控变得尤为重要。本研究以福建省为样本,从监测预警、帮扶机制、联动制度等方面总结劳 动关系治理的经验,并运用维权劳动者的相关数据剖析劳动关系治理在主体能力、预警机制、信息沟通等方面存在的风险。在此基础上,研究提出劳动关系风险防控的建议：提升劳动关系治理主体的防控能力,完善劳动关系风险防控的预警机制,加强劳动关系风险防控的企业监测。     

俄罗斯网络空间治理 ——以互联网政治为视角

随着信息技术的发展和广泛应用,互联网成为人们互动的特殊空间,民众表达社会情绪、产生多元舆论的新场所,对传统政治形成新挑战。2011年以来,俄罗斯互联网快速发展,互联网政治给俄罗斯传统政治带来的挑战致使俄罗斯网络空间治理的形势愈加严峻;2018年12月俄罗斯在刻赤海峡与乌克兰发生冲突后被要挟断网,该事件使俄罗斯深刻地认识到没有网络安全就没有国家安全。在此背景下,为有效应对国内外互联网安全出现的挑战,俄罗斯政府采取战略战术相结合的思路,从顶层设计入手,借助完善法律法规、管理机制等多种手段,构建出较为完备的互联网空间治理体系。俄罗斯互联网空间的治理手段主次鲜明、有管有控,其在互联网治理理念以及管理方式上具有独到之处,值得深入研究,具有借鉴意义。未来,俄罗斯将继续从立法、技术和国际合作三个层面解决治理困境,有效规避互联网政治对国家安全带来的消极影响。